Data mining involves using statistical, machine learning, and artificial intelligence techniques to discover patterns in large data sets. It is a component of business intelligence that helps organizations understand their data, customers, and markets. The key steps in data mining include data preparation, model building, validation, and deployment of results. Data mining is used in applications like customer segmentation, risk management, and fraud detection across industries like banking, retail, and healthcare. It plays an important role in customer relationship management by helping companies better understand customer behavior.