Endocrine system

1. Dr. Shahbaz Ahmad PT
DPT [UIPT][UOL]
MS-MSK-PT [UIPT][UOL]
ENDOCRIN
E SYSTEM.

2. ENDOCRINE
SYSTEM
 it is a system of INTERNAL SECRETING
GLANDS.
 Their secretions are called HORMONES.
 Hormones are biologically active substances,
responsible for function of different organs

3. 1). CENTRAL
GLANDS
:
- Hypothalamus
- Pituitary G
- Pineal gland

4. 2) PERIPHERAL
GLANDS:
-
Thyroid
-Parathyroid
-Adrenal
-Gonads
-Pancreas
-Thymus.

5. HYPOTHALAMU
S
 Located in the brain just below the thalamus
 Functions as part of both the nervous system
and the endocrine system

6. Hypothalamus
Pituitary
Gland
Pineal
gland

9. PITUITARY
GLAND
 Located in the brain at the end of the stalk from
the hypothalamus.

13. Anterior Pituitary Gland
 Growth Hormone (GH)- affects growth of skeletal
muscles and bones
 Prolactin (PRL)- stimulates milk production after
pregnancy
 Gonadotropic- regulates hormone activity of sex organs
 Also effects adrenal cortex and thyroid hormone
release

14. POSTERIOR
PITUTARY
• The posterior pituitary gland secretes two hormones
that are produced in the hypothalamus.
 Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Oxytocin

15. THYROID
GLAND
 An irregularly shaped gland that has two lobes connected
by a thin bridge in between (the isthmus)
 Located in the neck on either side of the trachea and
across its anterior surface

17. Thyroid Gland
 Thyroid hormone
 Controls the rate at which glucose is
“burned”
 Calcitonin
 Decreases calcium levels in blood
deposition on bone

18. PARATHYROID
GLANDS
 Four tiny glands
 Located on the posterior surface of the
thyroid gland, two on each lobe

19. PANCREA
S
 Located posterior to thestomach
 In C – likeduodenum

21. ADRENAL
GLANDS
 Paired, triangular glands over the superior end of each
kidney.
 Each gland has an outer layer (cortex) and an inner layer
(medulla).
 Each layer functions independently of the other and
secretes its own hormones.

22. ADRENAL
GLANDS
 Adrenal Cortex
 Releases hormones that
regulate mineral content in
blood
 Adrenal Medulla
 Produces epinephrine and
norepinephrine
 Helps with stressful situations

24. OVARIE
S
 Small, egg-shaped glands located in the pelvic cavity
 Function as part of both the female reproductive
system and the endocrine system

25. TEST
ES
 Male genital glands, located outside the body in
the scrotum

26. THE
E
ND!
thank you for
attention.