Acute inflammation for undergraduate medical students, practical purposes!

2. INFLAMMATION
Inflammation is a protective response
involving host cells, blood vessels, and proteins and
other mediators
that is intended to eliminate the initial cause of cell
injury, as well as the necrotic cells and tissues resulting
from the original insult, and
to initiate the process of repair

3. CLASSIFICATION
 According to
 Duration : acute or chronic
 Nature of exudate : fibrinous ,serofibrinous and
purulent
 Etiology : bacterial, fungal, viral.
The vascular and cellular responses of both acute
and chronic inflammation
 Mediated by chemical factors derived from plasma and
cells.

4. SIGNS OF INFLAMMATION
 Four cardinal signs of Inflammation
(described by Celsus)
 Rubor- redness
 Dolor- pain
 Tumour- swelling
 Calor- heat
 Fifth sign added by Virchow
 Functio leasa- loss of function

6. ACUTE APPENDICITIS
Grossly organ is swollen, serosa becomes dull, granular and reddish signifying early
acute appendicitis.

7. MICROSCOPY

8. ACUTE MENINGITIS: GROSS
Loss of normal lustre and
translucency of meninges.
Grayish white exudate
over the surface of brain.
Prominent engorged
meningeal vessels.

9. ACUTE MENINGITIS: MICROSCOPY

10. PYEMIC ABSCESS OF LUNG
Abscess is a pus filled
cavity
Commonly a complication
of pneumonia caused by
Staph. aureus
More common on the
right side (more vertical
airways) and usually
single.

11. PYEMIC ABSCESS- KIDNEY

12. PYEMIC ABSCESS MICROSCOPY
Foci of extensive necrosis surrounded by neutrophilic inflammatory infiltrate

13. PERICARDITIS- GROSS
Fibrinous exudate
which gives
Irregular
Shaggy appearance to
the pericardial surface.
Also called “bread and
butter” pericarditis.