Rainbow Storage is a group of techniques to store digital data in some colours, colour combinations and symbols in Rainbow Format. The technique is used to achieve high-density storage. With the help of Rainbow system we would be watching full-length high definition videos from a piece of paper! The main attraction is the cheap paper. The Rainbow technology is feasible because printed text, readable by the human eye does not make optimal use of the potential capacity of paper to store data. By printing the data encoded in a denser way much higher capacities can be achieved

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RAINBOW STORAGE
TECHNOLOGY
B.Satish Kumar

2. CONTENTS
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 INTRODUCTION
 HOW DOES IT LOOK LIKE ?
 HOW IS IT POSSIBLE ?
 RAINBOW PICTURE GENERATION
 PROCESS OF STORING DATA
 WORKING
 COMPARISION WITH OTHER STORAGE DEVICES
 ADVATAGES
 DISADVANTAGES
 FUTURE SCOPE
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCES

3. INTRODUCTION
• Rainbow Technology is a develop in Nov 2006.
• It store’s data up to a massive 450 GB
• Rainbow Technology is a developed by paper-based data storage technique .
• The first Rainbow Technology was demonstrated by Indian student named
Sainul Abideen in November 2006.
• Actually Rainbow Storage is not a method to store data on paper but it is a group
of techniques to represent data in the form of colour, colour groups and some
symbols.
• We can use any colour representable media as storage medium including paper
and plastic sheets.
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4. INTRODUCTION
• Instead of using 0s and 1s here we are using colour dots.
• Each colour dot can represent minimum 8 bits (1 byte).
• By using some groups and symbols, we can also increase the density in
to some extent.
• Rainbow technology, a breakthrough in digital data storage enables us to
store up to a massive 450 GB on just a piece of paper.
• Rainbow Storage is a group of techniques to store digital data in some
colours, colour combinations and some symbols known as rainbow
format, and therefore a rainbow picture will be generated. With the help of
Rainbow system we would be watching full-length high-definition videos
from a piece of paper.
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5. • Each and every technology is based on some principle and follows
that principle throughout its life cycle. So this technology is based on
two basic principles which are as follows:
• Principle I
Every color or color combinations can be converted in to some
values and from the values the colors or color combinations can be
regenerated.
• Principle II
Every different color or color combinations will produce different
values.
PRINCIPLES

6. HOW DOES IT LOOK LIKE?
Data stored in rainbow format on an ordinary paper.
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7. It uses geometric shapes such as squares and hexagons to
represent data patterns, instead of the usual binary method
that uses ones and zeros to represent data.
Files such as text, images, sounds and video clips are
encoded in "rainbow format" as coloured circles, triangles,
squares and so on, and printed as dense graphics on paper
at a density of 2.7GB per square inch.
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HOW IS IT POSSIBLE?
(con...)

8. Instead of using 0s and 1s, we use color dots where each
color dot can represent minimum 8 bits (1 byte). The
rainbow picture will be highly compressed and can be
represented in any color medium.
"Although environmental light differences and color
shading is a problem, it can overcome up to a certain limit
by using efficient mapping functions".
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HOW IS IT POSSIBLE?
(con...)

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RAINBOW PICTURE GENERATION
DATA FILE
CONVERSION
ALGORITHM
RAINBOW
SYMBOL
TABLE(RST)
SECURITY &
AUTHENTICATION
DATA
ERROR
HANDLER
RAINBOW
PICTURE

10. •Printing at 1,200 dots per inch (DPI) leads to a theoretical maximum
of 1,440,000 colored dots per square inch.
•If a scanner can reliably distinguish between 256 unique colors, the
maximum possible storage is approximately 140 megabytes for a
sheet of A4 paper.
•If the scanner were able to accurately distinguish between 16,777,216
colors (24 bits, or 3 bytes per dot), the capacity would triple claims of
several hundred gigabytes.
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PROCESS OF STORAGE DATA
(con...)

11. Level-1
Data to Data Picture:
Data to Data Picture conversion takes place in four steps.
• A chunk of data bits are taken from data source (Normally Binary file), which
is known as a word.
• The word can be converted into a value that will be unique for each different
combination of bits.
• The value then passes through some error checking mechanisms. After
producing some error correction bits, it will attach to the data picture.
• Thus the final output (Data Picture) will be generated.
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PROCESS OF STORAGE DATA
(con...)

12. Level-2
Data Picture to Data:
Data Picture to data conversion uses just the reverse process.
• Data Picture is taken as an input and the parameters like UPD, PBM, etc
are read from the header
• Value mapping functions are used for mapping the arrangements done
on actual data.
• Some errors that occur due to color fading can also be handled at this
stage. The values are passed through some error correction mechanisms.
Fault tolerance and automatic repair is also performed at this stage.
• Then the value to word conversion takes place. The encoded Data
Picture is hence decoded into the result data which will be the original data.
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PROCESS OF STORAGE DATA
(con...)

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RVD
READ THE RAINBOW FORMATRAINBOW FORMAT DATA
1010101
PRINT RAINBOW FORMAT
DATA RAINBOW FORMAT
1010101
WORKING OF RT

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ABSOLUTE WORKING OF RT DOTS
Absolute rainbow dots are used to detect errors caused by scratches,
and whether any fading has occurred. Absolute rainbow dots are predefined dots
carrying a unique value. These dots can be inserted in the rainbow picture in pre-
specified areas.
If fading occurs these dot values will change accordingly, and at the reproduction
stage this can be checked and corrected. Absolute rainbow dots will be
microscopically small so that they occupy very little space in the rainbow picture.
These will be colored differently so that each dot will have its own fixed unique value.

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ABSOLUTE WORKING OF RT DOTS
Picture of a wall post containing
hidden data in its eyes
Zoomed view of Image

16. FLOPPY DISK : Only 1.44MB of space
USB memory stick(Pen-drive): Available from 1GB to 36GB.
CD/DVD’s :
CD’s have storage space up to 700MB
DVD’s have storage space 4.5 to 17GB
HARD DISK : Can hold anything from 3.75MB to 3 TB.
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COMPARISION WITH OTHER DEVICES

17. The extremely low-cost technology will drastically
reduce the cost of storage and provide for high speed
storage too.
Files in any format like movie files, songs, images, text
can be stored using this technology.
The biodegradable nature of the storage devices would
do away with the e-waste pollution.
The four main storage devices made using this
technology are RVD, Disposable storage. 17
ADVANTAGES

18. Another theme put forward by rainbow technology is the
Data Banks.
It is huge server with a high storage capacity.
As per a research project done in US in 2003 to store the
available static data, the server required will cost $500
crores(23000 crores).
But by using data banks ,a similar server can be made with
Rs.35 lacks.
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WORKING OF RT
(con...)

19. The paper has the tendency to fade away hence
the data loss may occur.
With the extremely low cost of using this
technology we can always afford to have multiple
copies.
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DIS-ADVANTAGES

20. The developer is simultaneously moulding the technology
into 'Rainbow Cards' which will be of SIM card size and
store 5 GB of data equivalent to three films of DVD
quality.
As 'Rainbow Cards' will become Popular, Rainbow Card
Readers will replace CD drives of mobile phone and
computer notebooks
Large scale manufacture of the Rainbow card will bring
down its cost to just 50 paise
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FUTURE SCOPE

21. Once the Rainbow technology is in, soon we would be
watching full-length high-definition videos from a piece of
paper!
With the popularity of the Rainbow Technology, computer
or fashion magazines in future need not carry CDs in a
pack.
It should cost a lot less to produce than the typical
polycarbonate DVDs, CDs and now Blu- rays. Huge data
banks can be constructed out of Rainbow-based storage
medium.
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CONCLUSION

22. "Data Can Now Be Stored on Paper" by M. A. Siraj, Arab News (published
November 18, 2006; accessed November 29, 2006)
"Store 256GB on an A4 sheet" by Chris Mellor, Techworld (published November
24, 2006; accessed November 29, 2006)
IT Soup: Scam of Indian student developing technology to store 450 GB of data on a
sheet of paper By IT Soup (published November 25, 2006; accessed November 25,
2006)
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REFERENCES

23. ANY QUERIES
?

24. THANK YOU