EGVIA - ERTRAC 1st European Conference Results from Road Transport Research in H2020 projects 29 November 2017 to 30 November 2017 Brussels

1. This project has received funding from the
[European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and
innovation programme under grant agreement
No 666157
ALISE: Advanced
Lithium Sulphur
battery for xEV
Christophe AUCHER (LEITAT)

2. This project has received funding from the [European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 666157
ALISE European LiS value chain
H2020-NMP-GV-2014
Grant agreement n° 666157.
EU contribution: 6,899,233 €
Duration : June 2015 – May 2019
1. LEITAT (Coordinator)
2. AVICENNE ENERGY
3. Centro de Estudios e Investigaciones Técnicas
4. Fico Triad
5. IWS Fraunhofer
6. OXIS Energy Ltd.
7. SEAT
8. Solvionic
9. TUD Dresden University
10. VARTA Micro Battery
11. Politecnio di Torino (POLITO)
12. C-Tech Innovation
13. Daramic
14. IDNEO
15. Cranfield University
16. Williams Advanced Engineering
R&D Vehicle Systems Ltd (Terminated)
Vayon Group (Terminated)
http://www.aliseproject.com/
November 29, 2017 ô Strictly Private and Confidential 2

3. This project has received funding from the [European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 666157
ALISE Team
November 29, 2017 ô Strictly Private and Confidential 3

4. This project has received funding from the [European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 666157
November 29, 2017 ô Strictly Private and Confidential 4

5. This project has received funding from the [European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 666157
- Objective #1 – Optimized S/C cathode: >2.5 mAh/cm2, >1200 mAh/g, 80 wt% S content, 80% S utilization
- Objective #2 – Safe and High Energy density LiS cell: 500 Wh/kg, 250 W/Kg (C/2), 2000 cycles
- Objective #3 – Usable technology: SoC, charging and discharging model, sensoring
- Objective #4 – Integration: module, 17 KWh battery pack, behaviour for PHEV targeting 100 Km electrical driving range
- Objective #5 – “Greener” and Cost competitive: LCA and LCC
November 29, 2017 ô Strictly Private and Confidential
ALISE Objectives
5

6. This project has received funding from the [European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 666157
Objective #1 – Optimized S/C cathode
>2.5 mAh/cm2 (300 Wh/kg), >1200 mAh/g (300 Wh/Kg), 80 wt%S, 80% S utilization
MIL-101(Cr)_S7@rGO – (67wt% S)
13300 S/cm,
80% DoD
812 mA h g-1,
1.48 mA h cm-2,
67 wt% S ,
60.7% S utilization
CNF/MIL-101(Cr)_S7– (50wt% S)
Electrospun fibers Metal Organic Framework
Magneli phase TinO2n−1 Carbon Black FunctionalizationN2 or N2/NH3 plasma
November 29, 2017 ô Strictly Private and Confidential 6

7. This project has received funding from the [European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 666157
Objective #1 – Optimized S/C cathode
>2.5 mAh/cm2 (300 Wh/kg), >1200 mAh/g (300 Wh/Kg), 80 wt%S, 80% S utilization
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
0 20 40 60 80 100Capacity in mAh/g (S)
Cycle number
OXIS Binder at C/5 and 80%DOD
CNT
1. Robust binder system developed
and able to handle large volume
expansion/contraction
2. Do not expect cycle life limitation
from cathode being detached from
the current collector
3. Cycling at 80% DOD lead to high
cycle life until electrolyte is
depleted
4. Surface capacity needs to be
higher than 4mAh/cm² for energy
density of 400Wh/Kg
5. Need good electronic transport for
high sulfur utilization at high
surface capacity
Pouch Cell
November 29, 2017 ô Strictly Private and Confidential 7

8. This project has received funding from the [European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 666157
Objective #2 – Safe and High Energy density LiS cell:
500 Wh/kg, 250 W/Kg (C/2), 2000 cycles
1. New chemistry is attempted for ALISE project, with new electrolyte and with
metallic lithium for the anode without protection at module level
2. Jully 2017, thermal assessment is closing the safety tests campaign. Issues are
detected for short circuit test and thermal test before 60ºC (self heating, swelling).
3. Venting, electrolyte expulsion, cell rupture and fire are observed only after 160ºC
4. >72% of the C/5 capacity at 2C (our objective is 75%)
5. Metallic lithium for pouch cell up scaling production an module level
(i.e. hundreds layers for pouch cell, 82 cells per module)
6. Protected lithium for final cell at pouch cell level aiming to tackle anode electrolyte
interface issue and reaching higher number of cycles
7. Cylindrical format is explored in the framework of ALISE
Pouch Cell
May 2017, hundreds of 300 Wh/kg, 230 Wh/L, 12.5 Ah pouch cells have been produced
November 29, 2017 ô Strictly Private and Confidential 8

9. This project has received funding from the [European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 666157
Objective #3 – Usable technology:
SoC, charging and discharging model, sensoring
Challenges
1. Coin cell results cannot be extrapolated to pouch cell
2. Cell manufacturing must to be advanced enough (TRL4-6) and built from advanced materials (TRL6)
3. Lithium Sulphur charge and discharge profile curves are changing within:
• The intensity of current applied
• The temperature
• The number of cycles (aging)
Work on going on real breakthrough to make the cells usable for electrical car
1. Algorithmic to traduce the chemical behavior to electronic control (SoC for charge and discharge)
2. Hardware and software development dedicated specifically to Lithium Sulphur technology (CMC, BMS)
3. Innovative printed sensor to track deformation and cell temperature
November 29, 2017 ô Strictly Private and Confidential 9

10. This project has received funding from the [European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 666157
Objective #4 – Integration
module, 17 KWh battery pack, behaviour for PHEV targeting 100 Km electrical driving range
The results
November 2017, first module for PHEV is built with 82 Lithium Sulphur cells (41s2p)
1. Highly challenging to make fitting the LiS technology conserving the same battery pack housing layout used for
Lithium ion (volume and shape)
2. Design is achieved including cooling system and interface (mechanical and electrical)
3. 1D analysis of coolant system design is completed
4. Change at battery pack level to release more volume and to avoid any interferences
Our next step
1. Module fixing – final review
2. Feedback from build of first module
3. Cooling system optimization based on more accurate data
4. To asses all safety test at module level (electrical, mechanical, thermal) and feedback associated
5. Revised manifold design
November 29, 2017 ô Strictly Private and Confidential 10

11. This project has received funding from the [European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 666157
ALISE in 2017 versus commercial state of the art
Adapted from Li-Ion cells employed in current EVs - Copyright 2014 Total Battery Consulting Inc.
November 29, 2017 ô Strictly Private and Confidential 11

12. This project has received funding from the [European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 666157
European leading technology
Free NMP and Co technology is provided
x2 gravimetric energy density versus commercial lithium ion
Compromised between safety and performance has to be reached
New electronic control in development for usable LiS technology
First LiS PHEV module manufactured
Limitation in Wh/l, power and cycle versus intercalation chemistry
Electrical driving test will be simulated for both PHEV and BEV
ALISE impact
November 29, 2017 ô Strictly Private and Confidential 12

13. This project has received funding from the [European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 666157
Indicator Units used Project reference
Project
objective
Current
achievements
Target for module
manufacturing
(Feb 2018)
Target for
Pouch cell
(May 2019)
Nominal
Capacity
Ah 0.2C or lower 12.5 12.5 14 16
Nominal
Capacity
Ah 2C or higher 12.5 9 10 12.5
Gravimetric
Energy
Wh/Kg 12.5 Ah Pouch Cell 400a, 500b 300 >300 400
Volumetric
Energy
Wh/L 12.5 Ah Pouch Cell 440a, 550b 230 >250 440
Cycles -
at 0.2C or lower,
DOD 80 % BOL 80%
2000 100 300 800
ALISE achievements applied to PHEV (8.9 kWh)
a Pouch cell generation used for integration at module level, using metallic lithium as anode, b Pouch cell generation built using protected anode
November 29, 2017 ô Strictly Private and Confidential 13

14. This project has received funding from the [European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 666157
Many thanks
November 29, 2017 ô Strictly Private and Confidential 14