3. www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting
Why GPC?
Different types of
measurements
Account for only
a portion of
emissions
Unclear if
targets will be
met
Incomplete
data limits
investment
Unable to relate
to national
climate action
WITHOUT GPC
One
measurement
Consistently
account for all
emissions
Emissions
trajectory will
understood
Good data
drives
investment
Can measure
city’s contribution
to national action
WITH GPC
6. www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting
Global Launch
June 2012
Draft Version 1.0 for
Pilot Test
Jun 2011
C40-ICLEI MOU
Mar 2012
Draft Version 0.9 for
Public Comment
May-Dec 2013
Pilot Test by 35 cities
July 2014
Draft Version 2.0 for
Public Comment
Dec 2014
GPC Development Process
9. www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting
Reporting Framework
Scope Framework
Comprehensively report all GHG
emissions from:
• Emissions from in-boundary
sources
(scope 1, or “territorial”)
• Emissions from the use of grid-
supplied energy (scope 2)
• Emissions from out-of-boundary
sources as a result of activities
in the city (scope 3)
City-induced Framework
Report only GHG emissions that
attributable to activities in the
city:
• BASIC level reporting:
Cover sources that occur in
almost all cities and calculation
methodologies/data are more
readily available
• BASIC+ level reporting:
More comprehensive coverage
of emissions sources
10. www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting
Scope Framework
Scope 1
Agriculture, Forest,
& Other Land Use
Industrial Process &
Product Use
In-boundary Transportation
Grid-Supplied
Energy
Transmission &
Distribution
Out-of-Boundary
Waste
In-Boundary
Waste
Out-of-Boundary Transportation
Stationary Fuel
Combustion
Scope 3
Scope 2
Other Indirect
Emissions
CO2 CH4 N2O HFCs PFCs SF6 NF3
11. www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting
City-Induced Framework
Scope 1
Agriculture, Forest,
& Other Land Use
Industrial Process &
Product Use
In-boundary Transportation
Grid-Supplied
Energy
Transmission &
Distribution
Out-of-Boundary
Waste
In-Boundary
Waste
Out-of-Boundary Transportation
Stationary Fuel
Combustion
Scope 3
Scope 2
Waste generated
outside the city
Waste generated
in the city
Waste generated
in the city
Energy generation
supplied to the grid
CO2 CH4 N2O HFCs PFCs SF6 NF3
Other Indirect
Emissions
12. www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting
BASIC+ Level Reporting
Scope 1
Agriculture, Forest,
& Other Land Use
Industrial Process &
Product Use
In-boundary Transportation
Grid-Supplied
Energy
Transmission &
Distribution
Out-of-Boundary
Waste
In-Boundary
Waste
Out-of-Boundary Transportation
Stationary Fuel
Combustion
Scope 3
Scope 2
Waste generated
in the city
Waste generated
in the city
CO2 CH4 N2O HFCs PFCs SF6 NF3
13. www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting
BASIC Level Reporting
Scope 1
In-boundary Transportation
Grid-Supplied
Energy
Transmission &
Distribution
Out-of-Boundary
Waste
In-Boundary
Waste
Stationary Fuel
Combustion
Scope 3
Scope 2
Waste generated
in the city
Waste generated
in the city
CO2 CH4 N2O HFCs PFCs SF6 NF3
15. Image: Jim Killock/Flickr
CITIES TAKING ACTION
228 Cities to Cut 13 Gt
Home to 436 million people
Compact of Mayors
Using Global Protocol for Cities
The GPC provides a robust and transparent accounting and reporting system for city-wide GHG emissions. It requires cities to report their emissions using two distinct but complementary approaches:
The scopes framework allows cities to comprehensively report all GHG emissions attributable to activities taking place within the geographic boundary of the city by categorizing the emission sources into in-boundary sources (scope 1, or “territorial”), grid-supplied energy sources (scope 2), and out-of-boundary sources (scope 3). Scope 1 allows for a territorial approach to aggregating multiple cities’ inventories, consistent with national-level GHG reporting.
The city-induced framework measures GHG emissions attributable to activities taking place within the geographic boundary of the city. This covers selected scope 1, 2 and 3 emission sources. It provides two reporting levels demonstrating different levels of completeness. The BASIC level covers emission sources that occur in almost all cities (Stationary Energy, in-boundary transportation, and in-boundary generated waste) and the calculation methodologies and data are more readily available. The BASIC+ level has a more comprehensive coverage of emissions sources (BASIC sources plus IPPU, AFOLU, transboundary transportation, and energy transmission and distribution losses) and reflects more challenging data collection and calculation procedures.
https://www.flickr.com/photos/jimkillock/7355686738
Cities account for roughly 70% of global carbon emissions from energy use. The Better Growth, Better Climate report finds that connected, compact cities could save $3 trillion in infrastructure investments over the next 15 years while curbing climate change and improving air quality and public health.
The Compact of Mayors, announced at the UN Climate Summit in New York City, convenes cities to set ambitious targets and report their performance transparently. The Compact commits cities to adopting a common accounting standard for measuring their emissions, the Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories (GPC).
The Compact of Mayors builds on city commitments to reduce their contributions to global climate change. Analysis shows that 228 cities, home to 436 million people, have voluntarily committed to saving 13 gigatons of greenhouse gas emissions by 2050.