The document discusses opportunities and challenges for sustainable transport in Bogota, Colombia. It outlines Bogota's growing population and plans to expand its integrated public transport system, including a metro system. The projects aim to reduce emissions through more efficient transport networks and replacing older buses. Clean technology funds could help finance the projects and make Bogota's transport system a model for low-carbon development.

2. Transforming Transportation 2010 Next Steps after Copenhagen: Opportunities and Challenges in the Transport Sector Promoting Sustainable Transport in Bogota January, 2010 Camilo Zea Metro Project

4. Central Administration’s Finances

5. Public Transport System

7. Covers an area of 37,414 Ha

8. High density (310 Hab/Ha)

9. 1.2 million of private vehicles

10. 18.000 buses

11. Public transport’s average speed 18 Km/hr

13. Urban Transformation Forecast 2008-2038 Population 2008: 7.155.052 Hab Population 2038:9.312.689 Hab

14. Public Transport Trips’ Distribution THE FORECAST FOR 2018 SHOWS THAT THE EASTERN BORDER OF THE CITY WILL ATRACT MORE THAN 1.500.000 DAILY TRIPS

15. Bogota’s Economy Economic Growth Contribution to National GDP Economy Structure GDP Comparisons Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database, October 2009

17. Central Administration - Income Evolution 1992-2009 12% 2% 28% Transferencias 58% Ingresos Corrientes

19. High-demand corridors close to saturation

20. 580 routes without hierarchy

21. Overlapping routes: on-the-street competition for passengers, known as “penny war”

22. Inadequate operational scheme

24. Public Transport Fares Comparisons Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database, October 2009

25. Bogotá’s Transport Policy - City’s Masterplan 2006

29. 88% fatalities reduction

30. Deteriorated urban sectors recovered

31. Land value increase around trunk corridors and stations

32. Creation and consolidation of strategic sectors in the city

33. Public space generation

34. Real estate developments

35. Green house effect reduction. Significant drops in CO2 s, PM10, NOx, SOx, emissionsAverage travel time reduction in minutes Travel time (min) Socio-economic strata Startegic areas

37. Our Challenges: Copenhagen climate change conference conclusions For all its limitations, however, the Copenhagen Accord is the first real step to fighting climate change in the 21st century. The real value of the summit may lie in what it teaches us about dealing with climate change. (TIME 2009) The negotiations at Copenhagen were so contentious because of the very real impact the proposals will have, not only for the environment, but also on national economies; therefore, the importance of promoting climate investment funds (CIF) Colombia is the second country from LA (after México) developing an Investment Plan (IP) for financing of Public Transport Systems through the Clean Technology Fund (CTF). It is fundamental to support projects (e.g.. environmentally friendly and sustainable transport projects), as tools to tackle environmental damage Source: http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1929071_1929070_1949054,00.html#ixzz0bm4y6US0

39. Rational use of energy

40. To make the most of the installed electrical infrastructure

42. Emissions' reduction

43. Air quality improvement

45. Growth of car ownership rate and energy demand

46. Drop of energy natural reserves

47. Changes in world policies to supply fuel

48. Bio fuels as a feasible option of energy Source:Emgesa 2009

49. Our Opportunities: Clean Technology Fund (CTF)ColombiaInvestment Plan The Clean Technology Fund (CTF) Investment Plan is a “business plan” agreed among, and owned, by the Government of Colombia (GoC) for the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) and the International Finance Corporation (IFC) to provide support for the low-carbon objectives contained in Colombia’s National Development Plan and its National Climate Change Strategy. (Bogotá’s IPTS proposed for CTF co-financing) Transport is a major contributor to the carbon footprint of the country and is a sector where emissions will be difficult to abate; it is the fastest-growing source of CO2. The transport sector represents 33% of the country’s CO2e emissions from combustion of fossil fuels. Source: IADB

51. Reducing the emissions per unit transported (e.g., by modal shift, increased occupancy rates, or use of larger units)

52. Reducing the emissions per kilometer traveled (e.g., by improving driving behavior and vehicle efficiency or by switching to low-carbon fuels)

53. In the case of Bogota, from the demand side, different policies to rationalize private vehicle use have been implemented since 2000, including plate number restrictions on specific days and promotion of car pooling.

54. Along with this, the Integrated Public Transport System (IPTS) and Metro projects will reduce the number of vehicles-km (emissions) of the system :Source: IADB

55. Our Projects

57. Operation based on defined zones

58. Fleet conformed by the adequate typology of vehicles

59. Fare integration and unique payment system

60. Entrepreneurial scheme change

61. Democratization and active participation of owners

62. Gradual implementation

63. Upgrading and optimization of actual fleet

64. Full coverage of the city

65. Quality of service enhancement

66. Additional emissions reduction13 operational zones

68. Increase productivity

69. Travel time reductions

70. Achieve an efficient distribution of demand vs. high levels of service quality

71. Long term solution - sustainable in time

72. Comfort levels improvement

75. As a new mode, the metro will strengthen transport multi-modality

76. The system optimizes land use, considering that it will be in some sections underground

77. The first line must be conceived as a complement to the transport current solution at the east border of the city

78. Bogota will consolidate its massive transport offer (Metro & BRT)

79. Key: accessibility gains to be capitalized in the land market (value capture opportunities)Land value increase

80. Potential Funding Sources for Metro Non-traditional Credits

81. Environmental Benefits: SITP (IPTS) & Metro projects Metro + SITP SITP

84. Bogota is committed to achieve a sustainable transport system and mitigate transport externalities to our environment through the implementation of an Integrated Public Transport Systems (IPTS) – Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) and Metro systems, and initiatives that incorporate a coordinated urban planning strategy

85. In addition to contribute to a low-carbon economy, our sustainable transport initiatives will provide significant co-benefits:

86. improved air quality

87. road safety

88. energy supply security

89. reduced congestion

90. A more livable city

91. The successful implementation of the IPTS in Bogota would have a multiplicative effect in other large and medium-sized cities in Colombia as well as in other emerging countries (the Transmilenio system is being replicated in several mid and low-income cities around the world). It is estimated that a national program over time, with the characteristics and scale of Bogota’s IPTS (assuming full replacement of the bus fleet with low-carbon technologies), could lead to an overall reduction of up to 24% in the carbon footprint of the transport sector. This, if achieved, and in absence of other measures, could result in a reduction of 3% of the national carbon footprint