Pc mouse operated electrical load control using vb application

PC Mouse operated
Electrical Load Control
Using VB Application

http://www.edgefxkits.com/
PC Mouse operated Electrical Load
Control Using VB Application
Introduction
 The aim of this project is to control electrical appliances through a
personal computer (PC). For example, theatre lighting can be centrally
controlled form PC for a better stage management. Presently, these are
manually managed which makes it difficult to coordinate the lighting
with respective scene. With this system, one can control electrical
appliances on/off by just being seated at one place using a PC.

Block Diagram

Hardware Requirements
 8051 series Microcontroller
 Level Shifter IC
 DB Connector
 Relays
 Relay Driver
 Transformer
 Diodes
 capacitors
 Resistors
 LED
 Crystal
 Lamps

Software Requirements
 Keil compiler
 Language: Embedded C or Assembly.

8051 Series Microcontroller
 8051 is an 8-bit family of microcontroller developed by Intel in the year
1981.
 This is one of the most popular family of microcontroller being used all
across the world.

 This microcontroller was also referred as “system on a chip” because it has
128 bytes of RAM, 4Kbytes of ROM, 2 Timers, 1 Serial port, and four ports
on a single chip.
 The CPU can work for only 8bits of data at a time because 8051 is an 8-bit
processor.

 In case the data is larger than 8 bits then it has to be broken into parts so
that the CPU can process conveniently.
 Most manufacturers have put 4Kbytes of ROM even though the quantity
of ROM can be exceeded up to 64 K bytes.
 The 8051 has been in use in a wide number of devices, mainly because it
is easy to integrate into a project or build a device around.

8051 Pin
Description

Power on Reset circuit
 The power-on reset (PoR) is an electronic device incorporated into the
integrated circuit
 That detects the power applied to the chip and generates a reset impulse
that goes to the entire circuit placing it into a known state.
+5V
30 pF
30 pF
8.2 K
10 uF
+
11.0592 MHz
EA/VPP
X1
X2
RST
31
19
18
9

Max232
 The MAX232 is an integrated circuit that converts signals from an RS-
232serial port to signals suitable for use in TTL compatible digital logic
circuits.
 The MAX232 is a dual driver/receiver and typically converts the RX, TX,
CTS and RTS signals.
 When a MAX232 IC receives a TTL level to convert, it changes a TTL Logic 0
to between +3 and +15V, and changes TTL Logic 1 to between -3 to -15V,
and vice versa for converting from RS232 to TTL.

Max232

DB Connector
 A DB connector is a connector that is in the shape of a horizontal D.
 Common DB connectors include DB-9, DB-15, DB-19, DB-25, DB-37, and
DB-50, the number indicates how many active lines the connector has, but
not always how many pins it has.

DB9 and DB15 Connector
 The DB9 (originally DE-9) connector is an analog 9-pin plug of the D-Sub
miniature connector family.

DB9 and DB15 Connector
 Computer serial port Additional information and help with the DB-9 and
DB-15 or the standard PC serial port can be found on our serial port help
page.
 The DB-9 and DB-15 are also found on Network cards. The DB-9 cable is
sometimes used for Token-Ring adapters, and the DB-15 is used for the
thick net coaxial cables.
 Computer network help and support
 The DB-9 port is also found on the NeXT computer is used to connect laser
printers.

DB19 Connector
 The DB-19 is a connector found on the Apple Macintosh, NeXT, and some
Atari computers, and is used to connect external disk drives.

DB25 Connector
 The DB-25 interface was an older serial connector. Additional information
and help with serial ports can be found on our serial port help page.
 The DB-25 port is also a SCSI interface. Additional information and help
with SCSI can be found on our SCSI help page.

DB37 Connector
 Connector found on various network devices used to connect network
hubs and other network devices and perform other functions.
 Companies that utilize this cable include Cisco, Nortel, SMC, and others.
 The DB-37 connector also connects devices such as sensors, switches,
satellite antennas, control systems, video studio automation, security
control systems, and other equipment.
 Computer network and network card help and support.

DB50 Connector
 SCSI connector that is rarely used or found today. Additional information
and help with SCSI can be found on our SCSI help page.
DB-50 Male Connector :

Relay
 A relay is an electrically operated switch.
 Current flowing through the coil of the relay creates a magnetic field
which attracts a lever and changes the switch contacts.
 The coil current can be on or off so relays have two switch positions and
have double throw (changeover) switch contacts as shown in the diagram.

Relay
 Relays allow one circuit to switch a second circuit which can be completely
separate from the first.
 For example a low voltage battery circuit can use a relay to switch a 230V
AC mains circuit.
 There is no electrical connection inside the relay between the two circuits,
the link is magnetic and mechanical.
 To drive relay through MC ULN2003 relay driver IC is used

Relay Driver uln2003
 ULN is Relay driver application
 The ULN2003 is a monolithic high voltage and high current Darlington
transistor arrays.

 It consists of seven NPN Darlington pairs that features high-voltage
outputs with common-cathode clamp diode for switching inductive loads.
 The collector-current rating of a single Darlington pair is 500mA.
 The Darlington pairs may be paralleled for higher current capability.

 The ULN functions as an inverter.
 If the logic at input 1B is high then
the output at its corresponding pin 1C
will be low.

Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
 Most common LCDs connected to the microcontrollers are 16x2 and 20x2
displays.
 This means 16 characters per line by 2 lines and 20 characters per line by 2
lines, respectively.
 The standard is referred to as HD44780U
 It refers to the controller chip which receives data from an external source
(and communicates directly with the LCD.

Working Principle
 The project uses a PC to control the loads.
 The commands are received by the micro controller through level shifted IC
Max232.
 When the program is executed, it drives relay from the microcontroller
through relay driver IC ULN2003.
 Load’s are switched ON and switched OFF based on the corresponding
command sent from the keyboard through HyperTerminal.
 As per the program, the loads will be turned ON and OFF through the
relays.

Working Principle
 This system is integrated with the electrical loads and also connected to the
PC where centralized control takes place.
 It uses an RS-232 protocol from the microcontroller to communicate with
the PC.
 To turn on/off the appliances, we use Hyper Terminal on PC.
 Once the connection is established with the PC, then the system starts
working.
 The microcontroller used in this project belongs to 8051 family.

Future Enhancement
 This project can be further enhanced by implementing a GUI based control
panel on the PC with appropriate embedded software.
 The intensity control can also be incorporated using power electronics
devices.

Conclusion
 PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using VB Application project
was designed and implemented. This project can be further enhanced by
implementing a GUI based control panel on the PC with appropriate
embedded software. The intensity control can also be incorporated using
power electronics devices

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