This presentation discusses the voice of the next generation of leaders in the realm of athletes with disabilities in sport at all levels, and highlights an emerging view toward expecting inclusion and equality.
1. Next Generation Disability in
Sport: Finding Our Voice and
Expecting Inclusion and Equality
Eli A. Wolff
Sport & Development Project
Brown University
Inclusive Sports Initiative
Institute for Human Centered Design
2. I Am Light
why should i
hide in darkness
when i am
brilliant and beautiful
why can't i
triumph or struggle
in public?
why can't i
laugh or cry
for all to see?
i am me
i am light
3. Generation Ali
FOSTERING TOMORROW'S LEADERS TO ACHIEVE
PERSONAL GREATNESS, CONTRIBUTE POSITIVELY
TO THEIR COMMUNITIES, AND CHANGE THE
WORLD FOR THE BETTER.
4. "I define a leader as someone who
stands up for justice and does not
block its path."
- Lapchick, 2009
5. Social Justice
"The goal of social justice is full and equal
participation of all groups in a society that is
mutually shaped to meet their needs. Social
justice includes a vision of society that is
equitable and all members are physically and
psychologically safe and secure.”
- Adams, Bell & Griffin, 2007
7. 2006 United Nations
Convention on the Rights of Persons
with Disabilities
To promote, protect and ensure the full and
equal enjoyment of all human rights and
fundamental freedoms by all persons with
disabilities, and to promote respect for their
inherent dignity
8. Paradigm Shift
The Convention marks a ‘paradigm shift’ in attitudes and
approaches to persons with disabilities.
Persons with disabilities are not viewed as "objects" of
charity, medical treatment and social protection; rather
as "subjects" with rights, who are capable of claiming
those rights and making decisions for their lives based on
their free and informed consent as well as being active
members of society.
The Convention gives universal recognition to the dignity
of persons with disabilities.
9. Article 30.5 – The Right to Sport for
All Persons with Disabilities
“The sport, recreation and play
domain, far from being trivial, is
essential for fully realizing the
human rights promise.”
-Hubbard (2004)
11. Universal Design
“Universal Design is a framework for the design of
places, things, information, communication and policy
to be usable by the widest range of people operating in
the widest range of situations without special or
separate design.”
“Most simply, Universal Design is human-centered
design of everything with everyone in mind.”
- IHCD, 2012
12. Universal Design
• Built environment (indoors and outdoors)
• Information environment (print materials,
way-finding/navigation and signs)
• Communication environment (telephone, web
and multi-media)
13. Universal Design
• Policy environment (evidence of policies that
impact equality of experience)
• Attitudinal environment (staff or administrative
behavior or beliefs)
14. Inclusion
“Inclusion is the final stage of integration
of people with disabilities in a sport
competition or organization, in which
they are involved, accepted and
respected at all levels of the
competition or organization.”
- Nixon, 2007
15. Organizational Continuum
Racism, Sexism, Ableism & Heterosexism
From Monocultural To Multicultural
EC LSI T CM TAD VD
Exclusive Organization Inclusive Organization
• Exclusive Club (EC) • Critical Mass (CM)
• Lip Service to Inclusion (LSI) • Tolerating/Accepting
• Tokenism (T) Diversity (TAD)
• Valuing Diversity (VD)
16. Critical Change Factors Model (CCFM)
F1) Change/occurrence of major societal event(s) affecting
public opinion toward ID group.
F2) Change in laws, government and court action in
changing public policies toward ID group.
F3) Change in level of influence of high profile ID group
role models on public opinion.
F4) Change in the level and nature of mainstream mass
media portrayal of ID group.
F5) Change in the critical mass of ID group athletes
attaining high athletic achievement.
17. Critical Change Factors Model
(CCFM)
F6) Change in attitudes of key leaders in power elites who act
as catalysts for breakthroughs.
F7) Change in perceived or real economic value of ID group as
assets to the ruling power elites.
F8) Change in beliefs about the medical & intellectual
stereotypes of ID group.
F9) Change in hiring practices toward ID group related to
managerial and leadership roles.
F 10) Change in use of strategic processes by power elites to effect
greater integration.
- Fay, 1999
18. Olympism
“Any form of discrimination with regard to a
country or a person on grounds of
race, religion, politics, gender or otherwise is
incompatible with belonging to the Olympic
Movement.”
- Principles of Olympism, Olympic Charter
19. Olympic Rings
“It belongs to everyone… It’s one of the most
striking and important symbols…It’s an
expression of universality and brotherhood of
the world.”
- Rogge, 2008
28. By raising awareness through worldwide
media, global educational
programmes, advocacy, and community
projects, One Billion Strong leads a global initiative
to strengthen disability rights.
29. "Disability is not a 'brave struggle' or
'courage in the face of adversity’ ....
Disability is an art. It's an ingenious
way to live.“
- Marcus, 2011
30. Next Generation Disability in
Sport: Finding Our Voice and
Expecting Inclusion and Equality
Eli A. Wolff
Sport & Development Project
Brown University
Inclusive Sports Initiative
Institute for Human Centered Design
Notas del editor
Here is a definition of social justice
A reflection to consider – how does the social justice framework of “separate is not equal” apply to the symbolic relationship between Olympics and Paralympics? We have seen its application in terms of race and gender, how does it apply in the case of disability?
In 2008 Jacques Rogge made this comment about the Olympic rings.
As we consider the symbols and symbolic relationship between the Olympics and Paralympics, a reflection to consider – what would be the societal response to establishing a Femalympics for women? What if there were separate symbols for the Famalympics? What if women were called Femalympians?
What can the Olympics and Paralympics learn from the FIFA model? Would two games, one movement be an appropriate approach? Perhaps this can further integrate the Paralympics and Olympics at a symbolic level and to also bring value to the distinct games.