1. What is the most annoying bad
habit in your opinion?
A. Gossiping
B. Cursing
C. Spitting
D. Biting Nails
E. Cracking/popping knuckles
2.
3.
4. When you expand sentences, you’ll be making
grammatical choices about how you express
your thoughts. One of these choices will
concern the use of pronouns.
A pronoun is a word that grammatically takes
the place of a noun or another pronoun.
Usually it refers to a specific noun that appears
earlier in the sentence or in a previous
sentence.
5. I, me, mine, we, our, ours
you, your, yours
he, him, his, she, her, hers
it, its
they, them, their, theirs
this, these, that, those
who, whom, whose, which, that, what
all, any, another, both, each, either, everyone
few, many, most, nobody, several, some, such
myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself
ourselves, themselves, yourselves
6. When you use a pronoun that refers to a noun,
make sure that it’s clear what the noun is.
Don’t use a pronoun that refers just to a vague
idea or that could refer to more than one noun.
VAGUE: In my history class, they claimed that
the Vietnam War protestors were unpatriotic.
[Who are they?]
CLEAR: In my history class, a group of students
claimed that the Vietnam War protestors were
unpatriotic.
7. UNCLEAR: John told Martin he needed to
study. [Who needed to study?]
CLEAR: John told Martin, “I need to study.”
CLEAR: John told Martin, “You need to study.”
CLEAR: John needed to study, as he told
Martin.
CLEAR: John thought Martin needed to study
and told him so.
8. Check that every pronoun
clearly refers back to a noun.
Replace the pronoun with a
noun if the reference is not
clear.
Or rewrite the sentence to delete
the pronoun or change it.
9. Decide if the sentence has vague
pronoun reference or if the sentence is
correct. Click in when you are
finished.
29. 10. If Alicia tries to
explain logarithms to
Megan, Alicia will
become confused.
30. A pronoun should agree in
number with the noun it refers
to.
To maintain pronoun agreement,
use a singular pronoun to refer
to a singular noun.
Use a plural pronoun to refer to
a plural noun.
31. INCORRECT PRONOUN AGREEMENT: My
friend is bringing their own food to the picnic.
[Friend is singular, but their is plural.]
CORRECT PRONOUN AGREEMENT: My friend
is bringing her own food to the picnic.
CORRECT PRONOUN AGREEMENT: My friends
are bringing their own food to the picnic.
32. Remember also to use a singular pronoun to
refer to a singular indefinite pronoun.
Singular indefinite pronouns include anybody,
anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything,
nobody, somebody, someone, and something.
33. INCORRECT PRONOUN AGREEMENT: My
professor told everyone to take their laptop off
the counter. [Everyone is singular, but their is
plural.]
CORRECT PRONOUN AGREEMENT: My
professor told everyone to take his or her laptop
off the counter.
34. Check that singular pronouns such as I, he, she,
his or her, or it refer to singular nouns or to
singular indefinite pronouns such as anyone,
everyone, everybody, somebody, and someone.
Check that plural pronouns such as we, us,
them, and their refer to plural nouns.
Correct errors in pronoun agreement by
making pronouns and nouns agree in number.
35. In each of the following
sentences, choose the correct pronoun
to fit the blank. Click in when you are
finished.
47. To integrate a paraphrase properly within a
paragraph, a good writer usually has
(1) At least one sentence to introduce the
paraphrase,
(2) the paraphrase itself, and
(3) at least one sentence to comment on the
paraphrase.
48. Top piece of
bread: at least
one sentence
to introduce
the
paraphrase
Meat:
paraphrase with
proper
documentation
Bottom piece of bread: at least one
sentence to explain, comment on, or
provide an example of the paraphrase
(usually the majority of the paragraph)
49.
50. Begin with a topic sentence that gives
the reader a sense of what the single
main idea of the paragraph will be.
This sentence should be one of the
“supporting reasons” for your thesis
statement. It should have opinion!
51. This is the part of your paragraph
where you support your topic
sentence by including a specific point
taken from the “proof text” (the essay,
article, book, everyday life, etc. you are
writing about or analyzing). The
evidence is a paraphrase or quotation.
52. You want to explain your topic sentence and
its connection to the evidence. You want to
include your analysis here. Why did you
include the quotation or paraphrase? What
do you want to say about it? You should
include specific examples to illustrate your
points (these examples should come from
you, not the source), but be sure to show
how your examples connect to your
statement (topic sentence). This section
should comprise the majority of the
paragraph.
53. Statement:
I used to believe that if a particular subject
was difficult for me that I was just not
gifted with intelligence in that area; now
that I am moving toward a growth mindset,
I understand that my knowledge in
anything is dependent on the amount of
effort I put into learning.
54. Evidence:
According to Carol Dweck, students with a
fixed mindset believe that people are
naturally smart in certain subjects whereas
those with a growth mindset understand
that they are capable of understanding
anything with the right amount of effort.
55. Explanation:
I tell people that I am bad at math, but I am working on
changing that attitude to a more realistic self-view. I earned
average grades in my high school math classes, but the
concepts did not come easily to me. In my college algebra class,
I watched as other students breezed through tests and quizzes
and I felt like I was struggling to pass. Instead of realizing that
I needed to put more work into the class, I put the
responsibility on others. I decided the teacher was boring. I
imagined that the other students just understood the material
right away. I began to miss class and skip assignments. Of
course, my actions resulted in a failing grade. At the time, I
was quick to shift the blame to other people and circumstances,
but the truth was that I was making excuses rather than trying
because I did not want to try and fail. Doing so would affirm
my biggest fear: I was dumb. I have come to realize that I truly
earned the F, not because of my lack of natural math skills, but
because of my own lack of effort.
56. I used to believe that if a particular subject was difficult for me that
I was just not gifted with intelligence in that area; now that I am
moving toward a growth mindset, I understand that my knowledge
in anything is dependent on the amount of effort I put into learning.
According to Carol Dweck, students with a fixed mindset believe that
people are naturally smart in certain subjects whereas those with a
growth mindset understand that they are capable of understanding
anything with the right amount of effort. I tell people that I am bad at
math, but I am working on changing that attitude to a more realistic
self-view. I earned average grades in my high school math classes,
but the concepts did not come easily to me. In my college algebra
class, I watched as other students breezed through tests and quizzes
and I felt like I was struggling to pass. Instead of realizing that I
needed to put more work into the class, I put the responsibility on
others. I decided the teacher was boring. I imagined that the other
students just understood the material right away. I began to miss
class and skip assignments. Of course, my actions resulted in a failing
grade. At the time, I was quick to shift the blame to other people and
circumstances, but the truth was that I was making excuses rather
than trying because I did not want to try and fail. Doing so would
affirm my biggest fear: I was dumb. I have come to realize that I truly
earned the F, not because of my lack of natural math skills, but
because of my own lack of effort.
57. Look at the paraphrases you did for
homework and pick one
How might you use that paraphrase to
make a point?
Write an introductory sentence
58. A. Pronoun Reference
B. Pronoun Agreement
C. SEE Paragraphs
D. Creating Paraphrases from
Duhigg
59. A. Pronoun Reference
B. Pronoun Agreement
C. SEE Paragraphs
D. Creating Paraphrases from
Duhigg
60. Meet in Computer Commons A
after the break. There will be a
sign-in sheet and I will remove it
when the break is over.
61. You need to integrate at least three
paraphrases into Essay #2.
The good news?
Your paraphrases are obvious!
62. From the prompt:
1. Explaining the habit loop
2. Explaining the role of craving in
habit creation
3. Explaining the Golden Rule of
habit change
4. Explaining the role of belief in
habit change
63. Write your three paraphrases for
Essay #2!
You may choose to do four—that’s
okay!
When you have your first paraphrase,
get it checked by me
When you have finished your third
(or fourth) paraphrase, see me
64. For TUESDAY:
Read Chapter 2 of The Power of Habit and
complete the handout
For WEDNESDAY:
Your rough draft of Essay #2
Both gold forms (Paraphrasing for Essay #2
and Integrating Paraphrases for Essay #2)
completed and stapled together
Bring your highlighters
Remember to post to the discussion by
Thursday and respond to at least two
students by Sunday
