HMCS Max Bernays Pre-Deployment Brief (May 2024).pptx
Department of survey of pakistan
1.
2. Prepared By
Habib ur Rehman Chandio
CE-2k14-001
Dated:16-04-2016
Civil Engineering Department
Wah Engineering College(WEC)
3. Introduction
Mission & Scope of Survey of Pakistan
Functions
Methods of Surveying
Projects
Products
Significant Achievement in the History of
Survey of Pakistan
Services
Maps By Hand
Some Historical Surveying Tools
Reference
5. Survey of Pakistan, which emerged as
successor to pre-partition Royal Survey of
India, is a National Surveying and Mapping
Organization of the country.
It is primarily responsible for all sorts of
topographical land surveys of cis-frontier
areas of the entire country.
The basic products include map sheets on
scale 1:50,000 and 1:250,000.
6. The department is actively participating in the
national development projects and thus fulfilling
the ever growing surveying and mapping
demands of various government / semi-
government and autonomous bodies.
The geodetic data prepared and maintained by
the department is matchless in its accuracy and
use.
Over the past years, the department has taken a
mile stone turn by gradually switching over to
surveying and mapping using modern
techniques, methods and equipment.
7. This resulted in the outstanding capability of
using and manipulating topographical data to
develop wide range of applications including
Geographic Information System.
10. To carry out cantonment surveys and others
surveys on any desired scale which
government / semi government/ autonomous
bodies may demand.
In addition to above maps preparation of
other derived products like Provincial,
District, Tehsil maps, Guide maps, Street
Maps.
A ~ Z Maps and Atlases of desired
information for national development
projects and general public.
11. To survey, print and publish topographical
maps of cis-frontier terrain of Pakistan on
scale 1:50,000 and derived maps on scales
1:250,000 and 1:1,000,000 for general
public use and the defence forces of Pakistan.
To establish and maintain geodetic network
in the entire country.
To delineate and demarcate international
borders of Pakistan.
12. Geodetic Triangulation:
Pakistan has a fairly good cover of
geodetic triangulation but it requires further
extension at some places. In 1955, a
programme of network of geodetic control at
ten miles apart in the country was presented to
the Government. But due to shortage of funds
the work has not been taken up so far.
13. Geodetic Leveling:
The Geodetic leveling is an operation to
determine number of vertical control points
which form the basis for determination of
heights of other points. These heights are in
relation to the fixed datum of Mean Sea Level,
which have been established through series of
tidal observations spread over years.
14. Gravity:
Gravity observations are most useful for
the determination of figure and shape of the
earth, to prospect for oil and minerals and lot
the study of deep seated geological structures
below the alluvium.
15. Astronomical Observations:
Astronomical Observations of Azimuth
and Laplace stations are necessary to keep the
triangulation net-work in correct orientation
with respect to the true North. For this purpose
Astronomical Latitude and Longitude positions
are compared with their geodetic positions to
determine the size and figure of the earth after
taking into account the error due to the
deviation of the vertical on account of gravity
etc.
16. Photogrammetry:
Photogrammetry means the measurement on
photographs from the Greek word ‘Grammo’
meaning measurement. This term as applicable to
survey signifies preparation of maps from the aerial
photographs.
The science started in the First World War
when by installing cameras in the aeroplanes the
French Army took the photographs of German
concentrations behind the front. The photographs
began to be used for topographical purposes soon
after World War 1. But the methods of air survey
were mostly graphical, and remained dormant for a
long time.
19. Survey of Pakistan publishes :-
Topographical Maps
Guide Maps
Atlases
District Maps
General and Special Maps
20. Topographic maps are detailed, accurate graphic
representations of features that appear on the
Earth's surface. These features include:
Cultural: roads, buildings, urban development,
railways, airports, names of places and
geographic features, administrative boundaries,
state and international borders, reserves
Hydrography: lakes, rivers, streams, swamps,
coastal flats
Relief: mountains, valleys, slopes, depressions
Vegetation: wooded and cleared areas, vineyards
and orchards.
21.
22. Atlases are collections of information
presented in a graphic format.
An atlas is a collection of maps; it is typically
a map of Earth or a region of Earth.
Today many atlases are
in multimedia formats. In addition to
presenting geographic features
and political boundaries, many atlases often
feature geopolitical, social, religious and
economic statistics .
23.
24. A Map showing division of territory, as of a
country, state, or county, marked off for
administrative , electoral, or other purposes.
27. 1950-Establishment of Directorate of Photogrammetry at
Rawalpindi.
1964-Establishment of Directorate of Western Circle at
Quetta.
1986-Establishment of Survey Training Institute at Islamabad.
1989-Establishment of Directorate of Northern Circle at
Peshawar.
1994-Establishment of Directorate of Eastern Circle at
Lahore.
1999-Survey Training Institute was affiliated with Punjab
Board of Technical Education (PBTE) Lahore.
2010–Digitization of 1:50K sheets using 1M resolution
IKONOS Satellite Imagery was started.
2012–Digitization of 1:50K sheets covering whole of Pakistan
has been completed using Satellite Imagery.
2014–Surveying and Mapping Act 2014 has been passed by
28. Geospatial Data Development Services :-
Survey of Pakistan (SOP) offers services to
collect, develop and deliver geospatial data by
using Total Station, GPS, Digital
Photogrammetry and map digitization through
employing its highly professional trained staff
spread all over the country. The data is served
into default GIS data format i.e. ESRI Shape file
in addition to a format specific to the client
system.
29. Remote Sensing Services
SOP provides services that include image
geo-referencing, classification and mosaicing. More
over, services such as preparation of ortho photos,
photomaps and up-dation of existing data with
latest remote sensing and aerial photos are also
available at SOP. The department has its own air
craft and it can provide latest aerial photographs on
scales ranging from 1:5000 to 1:40,000. SOP has
the capability to scan these photographs on a very
high resolution to provide as digital imagery
products.
30. Geodetic Services:
SOP provides services that include GPS control,
boundary demarcation, supply of geographic and
projected coordinates, high precise leveling, and setting
of Qibla direction.
31. Mapping Services
SOP provides a range of services in
conventional as well as multimedia digital
cartography in preparing high quality maps for
its clients. Types of maps include topographic
maps, thematic maps, guide maps in any
Projection and Coordinate System. SOP has also
printing press with conventional and latest
CMYK printing techniques.
32. Data Management Services
The significant developments in geospatial
technologies have geared up spatial data
production. Therefore, the real challenge is to
manage these data sets in order to speed up
data retrieval and delivery services. SOP offers
services for data management.
33. Geo Web Portal Development Services
Data once managed need to be floated on
Internet / Intranet in order to maximize its
utility. An effective, efficient and with friendly
graphical user interface embedded Geo Web
portal is central towards smooth data supply.
SOP is capable of developing and implementing
dynamic eye catching geoportals.
34. Capacity Building Services
Survey Of Pakistan Department also
provides technical training up to diploma level
in survey and mapping at Survey Training
Institute (STI), Islamabad headed by sound
professional foreign qualified director. The STI
organizes regular courses of long and short
duration in surveying and mapping disciplines
for both departmental and extra-departmental
candidates.
37. Supply of Coordinates Services
SOP supply geographical as well as
projected coordinates at nominal price
according to the user needs.
38. Coordinates Conversion Services
SOP provides coordinate conversion
services at nominal price according to the user
needs.
39. Qibla Direction Services
SOP can be approached for marking of
"Geographical Position of Qibla" Free of Cost for
local areas of Rawalpindi/Islamabad and other
stations like Lahore Karachi, Murree, Quetta.
However the cases beyond the local areas
mention above are also dealt but expenses
including those to be incurred on traveling are
borne by the applicant.
