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Fetal alcohol syndrome
- 1. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome By: Erica Addoh
- 2. Scenario # 9 Simon and his brother Thomas (3year old twins) have recently been diagnosed with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. The boys’ foster parents have moved into the Toronto area from North Bay and are in the process of adopting the twins. They confide in you (an ECE in the junior preschool room) that they are feeling a bit overwhelmed by the diagnosis and the move to the big city. Both boys show signs of cognitive delay and have difficulty with impulse control. The parents ask your advice on services in the Toronto area.
- 3. The needs of the children and families • Preparation of living • Early Intervention Services • Protective Factors • Behavior and Education Therapy • Parent Training
- 4. The child with special needs … Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is an inborn syndrome caused by excessive consumption of alcohol by the mother during pregnancy, characterized by retardation of both...
- 5. Types of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome • Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) • Alcohol-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder (ARND) • Alcohol-Related Birth Defects (ARBD)
- 6. The Signs and Symptoms of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome FAS refer to the whole range of effects that can happen to a person whose mother drank alcohol during pregnancy. These conditions can affect each person in different ways, and can range from mild to severe.
- 8. Facts about Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) are a group of conditions that can occur in a person whose mother drank alcohol during pregnancy. These effects can include physical problems and problems with behavior and learning. Often, a person with an FAS has a mix of these problems.
- 9. Diagnosis of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome To diagnose FAS, doctors look for: • Abnormal facial features (e.g., smooth ridge between nose and upper lip) • Lower-than-average height, weight, or both • Central nervous system problems (e.g., small head size, problems with attention and hyperactivity, poor coordination) • Prenatal alcohol exposure; although confirmation is not required to make a diagnosis
- 10. Treatment of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Many types of treatments are available for people with FAS. They can generally be broken down into four categories: • Medical Care • Medication • Behavior and Education Therapy • Alternative Approaches
- 11. Agency for Fetal Alcohol Syndrome FASD ONE Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Ontario Network of Expertise Supports: Diagnostic Clinics in the Toronto area Mothercraft (Breaking the Cycle) FASD Diagnostic Clinic Website: www.mothercraft.ca Support Groups : FASworld Family FASD Support Group Location: Toronto Contact: ogrady@pathcom.com
- 12. Agency for Fetal Alcohol Syndrome FASD ONE Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Ontario Network of Expertise http://www.fasdontario.ca/cms/resources/diagnostic-clinics FASD Ontario Network of Expertise (FASD ONE) is a group that works together to address issues related to Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) in the province. Membership includes experts and specialists in research, health promotion, diagnosis, justice services, community and policy development, and service delivery as well as family members who have intimate knowledge of the practical needs of individuals with this disability. Group members have been working together for a number of years but have formalized the collaborative approach in 2005.
- 13. Agencies for Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Brochure
- 14. Strategies for the special needs children of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome… • Observer the child’s areas of strengths and weaknesses. • Use positive feedback, frequent reminders and provide additional time for completion of work with appropriate supports to ease the frustration level. • Provide appropriate materials for the child depending on the level or type of their disorder • Allow the child to work in a group setting
- 15. Reflection It is so disturbing to know that there are some women that will intake alcohol during their pregnancy. I know that there are some people in this world that go through a lot in life and have ways of soothing their pain, but to allow a innocent child to suffer as he/she struggles to develop is heartless, especially if it can be prevented. As I did my reach on fetal alcohol syndrome I was glade to find out that there is so much help here in Toronto to meet these special children’s disabilities, needs and behavior. The sad thing is that fetal alcohol syndrome can be prevented, but is not as long as an expected mother continues drinking and not following a healthy diet, a child will be a victim of fetal alcohol syndrome. My weakness when doing this assignment is doing the research on a right agency for Simon and Thomas and adopted parents. I wanted to make sure that the agency provides everything they need to help them with their children and have the proper parenting training to understand the children’s development and needs. I enjoyed this course on special needs children and learned a lot about different way to approach, understand and teach a child, also the different types of disabilities and the children’s different levels of development.
- 16. Bibliography Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 19 Aug. 2011. Web. 18 Mar. 2013. "Diagnostic Clinics | FASD ONE." Diagnostic Clinics | FASD ONE. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Mar. 2013. "Facts about FASDs." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 22 Sept. 2011. Web. 18 Mar. 2013. "FASworld | "Building Awareness, One Ripple at a Time..."" FASworld Home Comments. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Mar. 2013. "Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder." ConnectABILITY Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Comments. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Mar. 2013.
- 17. Thank You.
Notas del editor
- Preparations of living The family has to ensure that the proper authorities have their new contact information, so the parents would have to advise both the province/territory of their departure as well as advise their new province/territory of their arrival. Also they would have to contact Canada Post to redirect their mail. Contact the ministries of health to switch healthcare plans. Inform Ministries of transportation to exchange their driver’s license and vehicle registration/license plates. Contact Canada Revenue Agency and Service Canada to ensure that their benefits continue on time, Elections Canada to ensure they are registered to vote and Canada Pension Plan/OAS to also ensure theirbenefits continue on time.Early Intervention servicesThere is no cure for FAS, but research shows that early intervention treatment services can improve a child's development. Early intervention services help children from birth to 3 years of age (36 months) learn important skills. Services include therapy to help the child talk, walk, and interact with others. early intervention service for the benefit of their children. Behavior and education therapy can be an important part of treatment for children with FAS. Although there are many different types of therapy for children with developmental disabilities, only a few have been scientifically tested specifically for children with FAS. Children that is diagnosis with FAS have a hard time socializing and making /keeping friends. Friendship training teaches children with FAS how to interact with friends and large/small groups of children. Parent-child interaction therapy aims to improve parent-child relationships, it creates a positive discipline program and reduces behavior problems in children with FAS. This will help the parents understand their child better and they will learn new skills on communicating and understanding Thomas and Simon. Recommendation of Parent Training is a good step for the twin’s parents it will help the parents how to approach children with FASs because they are know not respond to the usual parenting practices. Parent training has been successful in educating parents about their child's disability and about ways to teach their child many skills and help them cope with their FAS-related symptoms. Parent training can be done in groups or with individual I would recommend to the family to be involved in these services and assist them in finding and agency that has these services. Reference http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fasd/treatments.html
- FAS are caused by a woman drinking alcohol during pregnancy. There is no known amount of alcohol that is safe to drink while pregnant. There is also no safe time to drink during pregnancy and no safe kind of alcohol to drink while pregnant.Reference: http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fasd/facts.html
- The different types of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is depending on the type of symptoms which is:•Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS): FAS represents the severe end of the FASD spectrum. Fetal death is the most extreme outcome from drinking alcohol during pregnancy. People with FAS might have abnormal facial features, growth problems, and central nervous system (CNS) problems. People with FAS can have problems with learning, memory, attention span, communication, vision, or hearing. They might have a mix of these problems. People with FAS often have a hard time in school and trouble getting along with others.•Alcohol-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder (ARND): People with ARND might have intellectual disabilities and problems with behavior and learning. They might do poorly in school and have difficulties with math, memory, attention, judgment, and poor impulse control.•Alcohol-Related Birth Defects (ARBD): People with ARBD might have problems with the heart, kidneys, or bones or with hearing. They might have a mix of these.Reference: http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fasd/facts.html
- Abnormal facial features, such as a smooth ridge between the nose and upper lip (this ridge is called the philtrum)Small head sizeShorter-than-average heightLow body weightPoor coordinationHyperactive behaviorDifficulty paying attentionPoor memoryDifficulty in school (especially with math)Learning disabilitiesSpeech and language delaysIntellectual disability or low IQPoor reasoning and judgment skillsSleep and sucking problems as a babyVision or hearing problemsProblems with the heart, kidneys, or bonesReference: http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fasd/facts.html
- Reference: http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fasd/facts.htmlFrom my understanding when I was doing research it is not clear of the amount of alcohol a mother intakes in order to effect the fetus, to be on the safer side a pregnant women should not drink any type of alcohol during pregnancy.
- Early diagnosisA child who is diagnosed at a young age can be placed in appropriate educational classes and get the social services needed to help the child and his or her family. Early diagnosis also helps families and school staff to understand why the child might act or react differently from other children sometimes.Diagnosing FAS can be hard because there is no medical test, like a blood test, for it. And other disorders, such as ADHD (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) and Williams syndrome, have some symptoms like FASReference: http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fasd/facts.html
- Medical CarePeople with FASDs have the same health and medical needs as people without FASDs. Like everyone else, they need well-baby care, vaccinations, good nutrition, exercise, hygiene, and basic medical care. But, for people with FASDs, concerns specific to the disorder must also be monitored and addressed either by a current doctor or through referral to a specialist. The types of treatments needed will be different for each person and depend upon the person's symptoms.Medications can affect each child differently. One medication might work well for one child, but not for another. To find the right treatment, the doctor might try different medications and doses. It is important to work with your child's doctor to find the treatment plan that works best for your child. No medications have been approved specifically to treat FASDs. But, several medications can help improve some of the symptoms of FASDs. For example, medication might help manage high energy levels, inability to focus, or depression.Following are some examples of medications used to treat FASD symptoms:•StimulantsThis type of medication is used to treat symptoms such as hyperactivity, problems paying attention, and poor impulse control, as well as other behavior issues.•AntidepressantsThis type of medication is used to treat symptoms such as sad mood, loss of interest, sleep problems, school disruption, negativity, irritability, aggression, and anti-social behaviors.•NeurolepticsThis type of medication is used to treat symptoms such as aggression, anxiety, and certain other behavior problems.•Anti-anxiety drugsThis type of medication is used to treat symptoms of anxiety.Behavior and education therapy can be an important part of treatment for children with FASDs. Although there are many different types of therapy for children with developmental disabilities, only a few have been scientifically tested specifically for children with FASDs.Alternative Approaches With any disability, injury, or medical condition, many untested therapies become known and are promoted by informal networks. These therapies are referred to as alternative treatments. Before starting such a treatment, check it out carefully, and talk to your child's doctor. Your child's doctor will help you weigh the risks and benefits of these therapies.Reference: http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fasd/facts.html
- FASD ONEFetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Ontario Network of Expertise c/o Mothercraft/Breaking the Cycle761 Queen Street West, Suite 107Toronto ON M6J 1G1Email: info@fasdontario.caTel: 416-364-7373 / Fax: 416-364-8008Website: www.mothercraft.caThe FASD Diagnostic Clinic is a component of the BTC, and includes pre- and post- assessment services. At this time, access to the FASD Diagnostic Clinic is limited to children and mothers who are clients of the BTC program. BTC serves pregnant and/or parenting women with substance use problems, and their young children (birth - 6 years). All BTC children for whom prenatal alcohol exposure is confirmed are referred to the FASD Diagnostic Clinic for assessment and follow-up. Full physical and neuro-developmental follow-up occurs on an annual basis (or more frequently depending on clinic team recommendations). Breaking the Cycle is a program of Mothercraft, delivered through a formal service partnership with the Jean Tweed Centre, Toronto Public Health, the Hospital for Sick Children-Motherisk, St. Joseph's Health Centre, the Children's Aid Society of Toronto, the Catholic Children's Aid Society, St. Michael's Hospital and the Ministry of Community Safety and Corrections. Breaking the Cycle (BTC) is an early intervention program designed to reduce the risk and enhance the development of substance-exposed children by addressing maternal substance use issues and the mother-child relationship. Since 1995, BTC has delivered a comprehensive, cross-sectoral, maternal-child program to deliver a range of integrated services through a single-access model, with home visitation and pregnancy outreach components. The diagnostic team includes: Program Coordinator, Physician/Pediatrician-Toxicologist, Clinical Developmental Psychologist, Psychological Associate, Case Manager/Addiction Counsellor, Early Childhood Interventionists.Support Group:FASworld Canada250 Scarborough Golf Club RoadToronto, ON M1J 3G8 Phone: 416-264-8000A charitable organization that works to support families and individuals struggling with the debilitating effects of prenatal alcohol. Founded in 1995 as Fetal Alcohol Support Network (Metropolitan Toronto and Peel) the organization changed its name in 2000 when the various cities within the Greater Toronto Area were forced to amalgamate. FASworld is a non-profit oganization. The agancy provides workshops, recourse ,events and family support group meetings in different location. There was no information on referrals or a waiting list , but there is a contact number and website.
- FASD ONE is an unincorporated collaboration of diverse provincial and local stakeholder groups working to promote, plan, facilitate, and support the coordination, enhancement, and expansion of services and initiatives to better serve children, youth, parents, pregnant women, and families affected by FASD in communities across Ontario.FASD ONE is comprised of a Leads’ Committee and five working groups: Diagnosis & Disability, Intervention & Support, Justice, Prevention, and Urban Aboriginal. Each focus on priority areas to strengthen individual, agency, community, provincial and national effectiveness related to FASD. They explore gaps and challenges related to this complex disability to advance knowledge and system’s support for individuals with FASD and to identify and promote prevention. As priorities and emerging issues are identified, and as expertise and opportunities develop, the number of initiatives, membership and working groups may grow. The Leads Committee coordinates the activities working groups to ensure that overall objectives are met as effectively and efficiently as possible.Public Health Agency of Canada has been a committed supporter in the development of FASD ONE, recognizing not only the expertise at the grassroots level in Ontario but also the need for multi-sector collaboration in advancing the critical factors related to women’s alcohol use in pregnancy and in addressing the needs of individuals with the disability.I would definitely recommend this agency to Thomas and Simons parents. This agency covers all areas of service needed in support on meeting the children and parents need of dealing with fetal alcohol syndrome .
- FASD ONE is an unincorporated collaboration of diverse provincial and local stakeholder groups working to promote, plan, facilitate, and support the coordination, enhancement, and expansion of services and initiatives to better serve children, youth, parents, pregnant women, and families affected by FASD in communities across Ontario.FASD ONE is comprised of a Leads’ Committee and five working groups: Diagnosis & Disability, Intervention & Support, Justice, Prevention, and Urban Aboriginal. Each focus on priority areas to strengthen individual, agency, community, provincial and national effectiveness related to FASD. They explore gaps and challenges related to this complex disability to advance knowledge and system’s support for individuals with FASD and to identify and promote prevention. As priorities and emerging issues are identified, and as expertise and opportunities develop, the number of initiatives, membership and working groups may grow. The Leads Committee coordinates the activities working groups to ensure that overall objectives are met as effectively and efficiently as possible.Public Health Agency of Canada has been a committed supporter in the development of FASD ONE, recognizing not only the expertise at the grassroots level in Ontario but also the need for multi-sector collaboration in advancing the critical factors related to women’s alcohol use in pregnancy and in addressing the needs of individuals with the disability.I would definitely recommend this agency to Thomas and Simons parents. This agency covers all areas of service needed in support on meeting the children and parents need of dealing with fetal alcohol syndrome .
- Observing the child’s strengths and weakness will help when it comes down to the cognitive, social and language development, knowing where the child’s level is will help me as an ECE teacher to work around his strength and weakness.Encouraging the child with positive feedback well help build confidence and keep the children more interested in what they are trying to accomplish because children with fetal alcohol syndrome are known to have poor concentration sitting one on one with the child and encouraging them with positive feedback may keep them focus also providing extra time for the child to complete work is also important. Children with fetal Syndrome are known to have learning disabilities, developmental delays and also be hyperactivity . By being patient and given the child extra time with appropriate guidance and support my ease the frustration level.One of the biggest problems a child with fetal alcohol syndrome has is socializing skills it is hard for them to make or keep friends. By allowing the child to work in a group setting may help them to adopt in the child care environment and build their social skills emotional skills as the interact with other children.When providing a child with fetal alcohol syndrome appropriate materials that is based on the development level may reduce their developmental delays and allow the curriculum easier to understand.