2. • The plague reduced the world population from an
estimated 450 million down to 350 – 375 million in
the 14th century.
• Spanish Flu is the caused of death of 20 – 50
million in 1918 and 1919.
• 800 died because of SARS in 2002 and 2003.
• Last pandemic influenza (H1N1) caused more than
14.000 deaths in 2009.
3. • NCDs account for 63% of all deaths.
• NCDs, primarily cardiovascular diseases,
cancers, chronic respiratory diseases and
diabetes, kill more than 36 million people
each year.
4.
5.
6. More than 9 million of all deaths attributed to NCDs
occur before the age of 60.
NCDs affect women
and men almost equally.
7. NCDs are largely preventable.
• NCDs are preventable through effective
interventions that tackle shared risk factors,
namely:
•
•
•
•
tobacco use,
unhealthy diet,
physical inactivity and
harmful use of alcohol.
8.
9.
10. Physical inactivity
• Physical inactivity is the fourth leading risk
factor for global mortality
• Globally, six percent of deaths are attributed
to physical inactivity.
• Moreover, physical inactivity is the main cause
for approximately 21–25% of breast and colon
cancers, 27% of diabetes and 30% of
ischaemic heart disease burden.
11. Obesity and overweight
• Worldwide obesity has nearly doubled since
1980.
• 35% of adults aged 20 and over were
overweight in 2008, and 11% were obese.
• Obesity is preventable.
12. Alcohol
• The harmful use of alcohol results in 2.5
million deaths each year.
• 320.000 young people between the age of 15
and 29 die from alcohol-related causes.
• Alcohol is the world’s third largest risk factor
for disease burden; it is the leading risk factor
in the Western Pacific and the Americas and
the second largest in Europe.
13. Tobacco
• Tobacco kills nearly 6 million people each year.
• More than 600.000 deaths are the result of nonsmokers being exposed to second-hand smoke.
• Unless urgent action is taken, the annual death toll
could rise to more than eight million by 2030.
14. M-POWER
• Monitor: Monitor tobacco use and prevention
policies
• Protect: Protect people from tobacco smoke
• Offer : Offer help to quit tobacco use
• Warn
: Warn about the dangers of tobacco
• Enforce: Enforce bans on tobacco advertising,
promotion and sponsorship
• Raise: Raise taxes on tobacco
15. TOBACCO USE TREND (TURKEY)
(1993-2012)
70
60
(%)
50
40
30
20
10
0
1993
2004
2006
2008
2012
Female
13,5
19,4
16,6
15,2
13,1
Male
57,8
52,9
50,6
47,9
41,4
Total
33,6
33,7
33,4
31,2
27
Source: 1993 MOH Survey,
2004 MOH National Burden of Disease Research
2006 Family Research Foundation and TSI Family Structure Survey
2008 Global Adult Tobacco Survey (MOH, TSI, WHO, CDC)
2012 Global Adult Tobacco Survey (MOH, TSI, WHO, CDC)
15
16. HOW WE MANAGED?
Public Support
Raising public awareness on the harms of tobacco and
tobacco products.
Public Opinions:
94,0% working people have the right to be protected
from smoke
93,8% State has to protect its citizens from smoking
86,7% new law is acceptable
Distinguished Guest, Ladies and GentlemanLast century was full of changes. Roughly everything has changed in an incredible pace. Health was not an exception. Indeed health was one of the leaders driving change. Of course some changes may be challenging and brings us positive and negative aspects together. Communicable diseases had so many outbreaks, some causing lost of millions life in the past. Outbreaks still may be occur as we can see even in this century but after the discovery of penicillin and vaccines their harms were not so devastating anymore. We are living longer compared with our ancestors. Communities getting older. But it may not be the case. As we managing to keep communicable diseases under control, we faced with another health threat: NCDs
NCD’s are killing millions every year. 4 NCDs, namely cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes are main causes in most of the deaths.
This slide shows us the distribution of NCD deaths among world for man, before the age of 70. NCDs are affecting all countries.
This slide the same as previous one but for woman.
Of course as a human being all of us are going to die. The problem is: NCDs are killing us younger. Nearly 1 out of 4 NCD deaths occurs before the age of 60. And there is no difference between men and women. WHO declared that may be the first time in the history, our next generation are going to live shorter, if we can not change this.
One good news: NCDs are preventable. But not so easy. There are so many different risk factors for NCDs. You can not change some of the risk factors. Such as your sex or tendencies for some diseases you carry with your genes.
But there are some risk factors you can change. Tobacco use, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and alcohol consumption.This slide is to show you how the most killing 4 diseases and 4 modifiable risk factors interact. Lets start with unhealthy diet:
Unfortunately unhealthy elements of our daily diet are cheaper, easily reachable and even tasty. In most of the countries you have to work harder to reach healthy diets, you have to spend more.We also haven’t got an easy tool to learn which one is healthy. What’s the meaning of eating 5 portions of vegetables or fruits in a day. What’s the size of a portion.
Physical inactivity is some kind of communicable disease. We are spending so many time in front of TV’s or computers. We have mobile devices but you should not be mobile as using them. If you’re an important person, promoted you may get the closest parking zone to the elevator to reach your office without any walk. What is the message here for children.
The result of unhealthy diets and physical inactivity is obesity and diabetes. Obesity and diabetes seems to be the next epidemics in the world. Obesity rates has doubled in 30 years. Rates in my country worse than this. Nearly one out of 3 person is obese in my country. The other one is overweight.
Another avoidable, modifiable risk factor is excessive alcohol consumption. Alcohol not only causing many health problems but also triggering many social problems as well.
The last and nowadays the most important risk factor is tobacco use. May be you’ve heard that Turkey has gone a long way against tobacco struggle. WHO declared that Turkey is the model of success in tobacco control. Turkey is the only country in the world to have received three WHO awards for achievements in tobacco control.
In 2008, WHO introduced a practical, cost-effective way to scale up implementation of provisions of the WHO Framework Convention on the ground: MPOWER. This is a strategy package for tobacco control. And Turkey is the only country implementing all the measures into practice.
Yes, we managed to get concrete results. Global Adult Tobacco Surveys shows that rate of tobacco users drop 13 percent in 4 years time. From 31 percent to 27. It was an collaborative hard work involving all the governmental organs, NGO’s, media. But the most important part is the support of citizens.
We passed correct messages, information and evidences to citizens using every possible way. Indeed this is the only way to tackle NCDs. We are talking about life style changes. That’s so hard. If it wouldn’t I will not be in front of you feeling shame as an obese individual.
Ifwecouldn’tmanageto stop NCD epidemic, wewillhavemillions of patients in nearfuture. That’s a hugeburdenandif it willcontinuelikethisnocountry can overcome, noone of us can stand. Healthsystemsmaycollapse. We’retryingtodisseminateknowledge. That’sallwe can do. Wearegonnatrytoraiseawareness in public.I am dreaming an healththemed EXPOthatmillionsgettinginformationabouttheirhealth. They’recheckingtheirownbloodpressures, glucoselevels as visiting EXPO site. They’recarryingcorrectandconcretemessagesabouthealthylivingtotheirlovedones. Wouldn’t be thebestgifttheyhave. Areyoureadytogivethisgifttothepeople of theworld.