This presentation was made to the 7th CAADP Partnership Platform in response to country requests for a clarification of the link between the CAADP process and agricultural SWAps. It is for this reason that the presentation starts with an explanation on SWAps and then moves to CAADP. ©FAO: http://www.fao.org

1. LINKAGES BETWEEN
CAADP AND SECTOR APPROACHES
IN AGRICULTURE
A presentation at the CAADP Partnership Platform, March 2011
Désirée Dietvorst – dd@salamandernet.de

2. Preface to this distribution version of the presentation
This presentation was made to the 7th
CAADP Partnership Platform in response
to country requests for a clarification of the link between the CAADP
process and agricultural SWAps. It is for this reason that the presentation
starts with an explanation on SWAps and then moves to CAADP.
However, what is important is not so much the link to SWAps – but instead the
link between CAADP and Country Structures and Systems, in particular
national policy, planning and budget cycles.
By anchoring the CAADP process in national policy and financial management
systems, it will help strengthen these systems and commitments made
under CAADP will receive a legitimacy that is needed to assure
implementation and strengthen accountability. This can and should happen
in all countries, regardless of whether there is an agricultural SWAp in
place or not.
Therefore, further steps in this process will focus on ‘Linking the CAADP
process to Country Structures and Systems’ as is explained in the last slide.

3. 1. THE SECTOR WIDE APPROACH TO
DEVELOPMENT

4. Two common concepts
A SWAp (Sector Wide Approach) requires that all significant funding for
the sector supports a single sector policy and expenditure
programme, under government leadership, adopting common
approaches across the sector and progressing towards relying on
Government procedures to disburse and account for all funds
A Programme Based Approach is a way of engaging in development
cooperation based on the principle of coordinated support for a
locally owned programme of development: (i) Leadership by the host
country or organisation; (ii) A single programme and budget
framework (iii) Donor coordination and harmonisation of procedures
(iv) Efforts to increase use of local procedures over time

5. Problem of the approach
There is a risk of confusing
‘means’ and ‘ends’ in
development
We have to move beyond
the focus on aid delivery
to a focus on sector
development

6. Government &
country
stakeholders
SWAp or Sector Approach
(SWAP) or Sector Programme
Programme Based Approach – PBA
(Programme Based Support)
Development
partners

7. The SWAp ‘backbone’
Policy
Budget
Action
Monitoring

8. The big picture
Front Line
Service Providers
Ministry of
Finance
Cabinet
Parliament
Client/Citizen
Line / Sector
Ministries

9. How wide is sector wide?
Min of Agric; regulator,
facilitator, service
provider
Ministry of Local Government
Local Authorities
Agricultural Research
Institutions
Private
contractors
Min of Works
and Housing
Min of Land; land tenure..
Min of Environment;
Natural Resource Man
Traditional Leaders
Commodity
organisations
Farmer Unions

10. What needs to be done?
What needs to be done together?
Policy
Programme
components
What can be put together
in a single programme? Programme
How wide is ‘sector wide?’

11. The Sector Wide Approach is:
A practical approach to planning & management, which:
• Identifies inter-related sector constraints & opportunities
• Addresses constraints and opportunities which require
coordinated action across actors and sub-sectors
 The SWAp is first and foremost a planning and management
instrument for government, which can be supported by
donors...
 and where it is donor supported, the SWAp offers
government an effective tool for donor coordination to
which all support modalities can be aligned

12. Sector building blocks
Where do we want to go?
What resources do we have to get there?
How do we get there? Who does what and when?

13. MTEF and Agriculture Sector Support
Domestic
External
Budgetary resources:
Recurrent & Investment
DP support
BS: Recurrent & Investment
Other modalities: Investment
Public Investment
Off-budget Public Funds or
Private Funds
MTEF SWAP

14. COMPREHENSIVE AFRICA
AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAMME (CAADP)

15. The CAADP Country Process IS a SWAp!
• It looks at the agricultural sector as a whole
• It aims to strengthen linkages between policy,
budget, activities, monitoring
• It focuses on building country capacity
• It fosters alignment of donor support behind
country owned agriculture development plans

16. Linkages between CAADP processes
and agricultural SWAps

17. Sector building blocks
Where do we want to go?
What resources do we have to get there?
How do we get there? Who does what and when?

18. How does it all fit together?
Where do we want to go?
What resources do we have to get there?
How do we get there? Who does what and when?
CAADP Country Compact
Agriculture Medium Term Investment Plan
implementation frameworks – investment programmes

19. Medium term
fiscal framework
Hard budget
ceiling
MTEF
Prioritised
affordable
sector policy
framework
3-5 year
sector budget
frameworks
Annual
Budget
Implementation

20. Medium term
fiscal framework
Hard budget
ceiling
MTEF
Prioritised
affordable
sector policy
framework
3-5 year
sector budget
frameworks
Annual
Budget
Budget
Cycle
Accounting &
monitoring
Auditing &
reporting
Allocation
of funds Planning and
budgeting
Procurement
Budget
execution
Service
outcom
es

21. Medium term
fiscal framework
Hard budget
ceiling
MTEF
Prioritised
affordable
sector policy
framework
3-5 year
sector budget
frameworks
Annual
Budget
Budget
Cycle
Accounting &
monitoring
Auditing &
reporting
Allocation
of funds Planning and
budgeting
Procurement
Budget
execution CAADP
Country
Compact
Agriculture
Investment Plan
implementation
frameworks -
investment
programmes
Service
outcom
es

22. MTEF and Agriculture Investment Plan
Domestic
External
Budgetary resources:
Recurrent & Investment
DP support
BS: Recurrent & Investment
Other modalities: Investment
National private investors
National NGOs, Churches
Global private investors
NGOs, FOs, Global funds
Public Investment Private investment
MTEF AIP

23. CAADP Country Process
Domestic
External
Budgetary resources:
Recurrent & Investment
DP support
BS: Recurrent & Investment
Other modalities: Investment
National private investors
National NGOs, Churches
Global private investors
NGOs, FOs, Global funds
Public Investment Private investment
MTEF AIP

24. Domestic
External
Budgetary resources:
Recurrent & Investment
DP support
BS: Recurrent & Investment
Other modalities: Investment
Public Investment
Off-budget Public Funds or
Private Funds
MTEF SWAP

25. Domestic
External
Budgetary resources:
Recurrent & Investment
DP support
BS: Recurrent & Investment
Other modalities: Investment
National private investors
National NGOs, Churches
Global private investors
NGOs, FOs, Global funds
Public Investment
Private investment
MTEF AIP
CAADP Country Process

26. Summary
• The CAADP approach to agriculture development is sector-wide in scope
• The CAADP process has to be anchored in the core of government
business and at the heart of country systems for it to become a true
driver of change – and of a change that is sustainable
• The CAADP process can add value to country-systems of policy, planning
and public finance by:
– making the policy dialogue more inclusive (involving both state and non state
actors)
– capturing cross-sector linkages (e.g. between agriculture growth & land,
water, trade and infrastructure)
– linking public and private investment in the sector (in the Agriculture
Investment Plan)
– offering a framework for alignment for all development support (incl. that
provided by NSAs like NGOs and (global) private funds)

27. Next Steps
• NPCA shall set up a Task Team to elaborate the work
under ‘Linking the CAADP process to Country Structures
and Systems’
• A Discussion Note will be produced by the NPCA Task
Team and circulated to CAADP stakeholders for
comments
• Based on comments received a Concept Note will be
produced and disseminated to CAADP stakeholders
• Support measures (e.g. guidelines, workshops) to assist
stakeholders in improving linkages between CAADP and
country structures will be designed and delivered