art grade 7

1. THE ELEMENTS
AND PRINCIPLES
OF
ART DESIGN

2. WHAT ARE THEY?
Elements of design are the parts.
They structure and carry the work.
Principles of design are concepts.
They affect content and message.

3. ELEMENTS OF DESIGN
Line
Form
Space
Texture
Shape
Color
Value

4. LINE
Strokes that show motion and connect two
points. May be vertical, horizontal or diagonal,
curved, straight, zigzag, or show emotion.

5. FORM
Shows an object in space, the mass or positive
space it occupies. The term usually used when
describing 3-D objects.

6. SPACE
What is between objects, also known as negative
space.

7. TEXTURE
The feel, real or implied, on an object or its
surface.

8. SHAPE
Area enclosed when both sides of a line meet.
Shapes can be geometric or organic.

9. COLOR
Hue. May be complimentary, analogous, primary,
secondary, tertiary, or part of a color wheel.

10. VALUE
The lightness of darkness of an object or color.
Often used with drawings.

11. PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
• REPETITION(PATTERN)
• MOVEMENT(RHYTHM)
• PROPORTION
• BALANCE
• UNITY
• EMPHASIS
• VARIETY

12. REPETITION
Repetition refers to one object or shape
repeated; pattern is a combination of elements or
shapes repeated in a recurring and regular
arrangement; rhythm--is a combination of
elements repeated, but with variations.

13. MOVEMENT
Motion or movement in a visual image occurs when
objects seem to be moving in a visual image.
Movement in a visual image comes from the kinds of
shapes, forms, lines, and curves that are used.
Diagonal lines tend to create the illusion
of movement or motion.

14. PROPORTION
Proportion refers to the relative size and scale
of the various elements in a design.

15. BALANCE
As a design principle, balance places the parts of a
visual in an aesthetically pleasing arrangement. In
visual images, balance is formal when both sides are
symmetrical in terms of arrangement. Balance is
informal when sides are not exactly symmetrical, but
the resulting image is still balanced.

16. UNITY
Unity is the relationship among the elements of
a visual that helps all the elements function
together. Unity gives a sense of oneness to
a visual image. In other words, the words and the
images work together to create meaning.

17. EMPHASIS
Emphasis in design provides the focal point for
the piece. It is a way of making the element that is
most important stand out in the design. Emphasis
is sometimes called dominance.

18. VARIETY
Variety means "to change the character" of an
element, to make it different. Variety is the complement
to unity and is needed to create visual interest.
Without unity, an image is chaotic and "unreadable;"
without variety it is dull and uninteresting.