1. Founa I. Augustin
07/18/2014

4.  Infancy is a time of intense growth and
development.
 Both physical growth and acquisition of new
motor skills slow somewhat during the toddler
years.
 Refinement of motor skills, continued cognitive
growth, and acquisition of appropriate
language skills are of prime importance during
the toddler years.

5.  The first year of an infant’s life is both
fascinating and startling.
 At six to ten days, the newborn can recognize
the mother by smell.
 Babies at two weeks will look at their own
mothers more frequently than they look at
strangers.
 As they grow during their first year of life, their
body language, intelligence, and social
interaction also increase.

7.  The word fontanel comes from the French fontaine for fountain.
The medical term fontanel is a "soft spot" of the skull.
 The "soft spot" is soft precisely because the cartilage there has not
yet hardened into bone between the skull bones.
 There are normally two fontanels, both in the midline of the skull,
one (the anterior fontanel) well in front of the other (the posterior
fontanel).
 The posterior fontanel closes first, at latest by the age of 8 weeks in
a full-term baby. The anterior fontanel closes at 18 months of age
on the average but it can close normally as early as 9 months.
 If fontanels close too early or too late, that may be a sign of a
problem.

8.  The major part of the infant’s first year is devoted
to survival.
 The infant is completely helpless at birth and is
totally dependent upon the parents for help.
 Being fed
 Held
 Touched
 Looked at
 And talked to
 These things have significant impact on the growth
of the child.
 The average baby sleeps from 16-20 hours each
day

12.  By the end of the first year, the average one-
year old is between 27 to 29 inches in height
and weighs approximately 22 pounds.
 By the end of the third year, height has
increased to around 36 inches and weight to 35
pounds.
 In the second and third years, growth is slower
than infancy. However, it still occurs at a rapid
place.

24.  Physical and intellectual development are
closely related to one another.
 The child learns about the world through
exploration of objects, by moving around, and
through interactions with the parents.
 The behavior of infants during the first year,
and subsequent years, is to help them
understand, adapt, and interact effectively with
their world.

25.  Reflex behaviors, like sucking are practiced (0-2 months)
 Recognizing familiar voices and faces (2 months)
 Responds to strangers by crying or staring (2 months)
 Like repetition of simple acts like sucking, open and closing hands, etc.
for sake of activity (2-3 months)
 Baby still cries but also laughs out loud (4 months)
 Can imitate sounds; watches your mouth with interest when talking (7
months)
 Responds to and imitates facial expressions of others (5-12 months)
 Child uses responses to solve problems and to achieve some goals.
Example, move one object to get another one (12 months)

28.  Language develops very slowly during the first of life.
 At birth babies cannot say anything.
 By the end of their first year, their vocabulary increases
to about two to eight words.
 The first two years are the most important
 Parents who talk to their babies, praise and reinforce
their efforts at communication help facilitate the
development of language.

29.  First they CRY
 Crying is a way babies let their parents know
that they are wet, hungry, tired, or frightened.
 By the second month, babies begin cooing, a
way of showing their pleasure.
 Babbling begins during the fourth or fifth
months.
 Syllables are repeated over and over again.

32.  According to Erik Erickson, from birth to one year, the
child struggles with learning to trust or mistrust himself
and others in others in his environment.
 The quality of the care the child receives creates a great
impact to the degree to which that child come to trust the
environment, himself and other people.
 The child who receives inconsistent, inadequate care and
who is rejected develop a basic mistrust. For this child,
the world is not a safe, fun place to be and people are not
to be depended upon to have needs met.
 Therefore,

34.  Overall, understanding the stages of growth and development in
children is critical in providing an environment that fosters
success and pride in accomplishments.
 Self-worth is established very early in a child’s life as they learn
they are either successful or not pleasing their parents.
 When parents are pleased, children begin to feel successful.
 When parents are not pleased, children begin to feel like failures.
 Growth and development is like a spiral going upward from a
limited set of skills to more and more advanced skills, as children
get older.

35.  http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.
asp?articlekey=3498
 Stephen J. Bavolek, Ph.D. Nurturing Parenting
for Parents of Infants, Toddlers and Preschoolers
Copyright 2007 by Family Development
Resources, Inc.