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DEXIBIT BUSINESS REPORT
UNDERSTANDING CHINA : DEXIBIT’S PLAN TO ENTER CHINA’S MARKET
This report is commissioned to examine the possibility
of expanding DEXIBIT’s current market and help to for-
mulate appropriate marketing strategies that can be
applied in China in the future. The report indicates that
entering china’s market is a lucrative deal for DEXIBIT.
China as an emerging economy in the Asia pacific re-
gion has currently drawn a great deal of attention from
both domestic investor and foreign investors. With an
expected growth of 7.0% in the fourth quarter, China
has been experiencing a slowdown, the lowest one
within the last six years (Euromonitor, 2015). As a part
of future forecast, 70.9% of china total population will
have access to the internet, meaning that almost a bil-
lion population will at the very least engage in an on-
line platform.
Further investigation reveals that in a very specific in-
dustry such as tourism with a sub categories of muse-
um and art gallery exhibition, the performance showed
a mixed result. On one hand, Museums in china are at-
tracting more visitors, but in terms of revenue streams,
the trend seems to be declining overtime. On the other
Contents
hand, art gallery exhibition regains its foothold by
attracting more visitors in the upcoming years. All
calculations however, can be found in the appen-
dices below.
DEXIBIT, as an aspiring company in providing digi-
tal enablement to museum, art gallery exhibitions
and cultural heritages, is currently seeking out the
opportunity to establish a new market by expand-
ing to China. The initial suggestions shows that
with existing resources they have, it does present
some challenges including but not limiting to use
of agent, mode of entry, bigger cost structure and
competitors presence in china.
The report at some points also exhibits some of
its limitation. All the strategies described here are
solely based on the general assumption that the
market is constant. Furthermore, although the
data are valid, it would not be wise to generalize
the strategy outside the scope of the market we
already researched on.
Executive Summary
Executive Summary	 2
1.	 External Analysis	 3
1.1 	 Why China	 3
1.1.1 	 Challenges	 3
1.1.2 	 Guanxi	 4
1.1.3 	 Media Censorship	 4
1.1.4 	 Intellectual Property	 4
1.1.5	 Cybersecurity Law	 4
1.2	 Industry Analysis	 5
1.2.1	 Digital Technology	 5
1.2.2 	 Tourism in China	 5
1.2.3 	 Museum Industry	 5
1.3	 Shanghai 	 6
1.3.1 	 Heart of The Nation	 6
1.3.2 	 End-Users Concentration	 6
1.4 	 Competition Landscape	 7
1.4.1	 Competitiors Profile	 7
1.5 	 Maximizer	 8
1.5.1	 Experience Level	 8
1.5.2	 Price Sensitivity	 8
1.5.3 	 Visiting Frequency	 9
1.5.4 	 Age Matters	 9
1.6	 Expansion Strategy	 10
1.6.1	 Marketing & Sales Agents	 10
1.6.2	 Manufacturing Agents	 10
1.7	 Establishing Network	 11
1.7.1	 Advantages & Disadvantages	 11
1.7.2	 Conducting Business	 11
1.8	 Financial Model	 12
1.8.1	 Cost Structure	 12
1.82	 Revenue Projection	 13
1.9	 Further Actions 	 14
1.9.1	 Recommendations (1)	 14
1.9.2	 Recommendations (2)	 15
References	16
Appendix	19
Why China
Strong Economic
Growth
	 China has main-
tained strong economic
growth in recent years,
with average GDP growth
of 10.22% during 2004-13.
The economic fundamen-
tals of the country are ro-
bust with the indicator of
a strong economic growth
for the past three decades.
China’s strong external po-
sition is evident from its vast
foreign exchange reserves.
With strong economic fun-
damentals, China has sig-
nificant market potential for
foreign companies like DEX-
IBIT to invest.
Foreign Direct
Investment
	 China surpassed the
US and became the largest
recipient of foreign direct in-
vestment (FDI) in the world
in 2014. China only attracted
$40.71 billion FDI in 2000 but
the country had attracted FDI
inflows worth $128.5 billion in
2014.Moreimportantly,Anin-
crease of FDI inflow in 2014
was mainly in services sec-
tor especially retail, trans-
port and finance. Therefore,
it is a good news for DEXIBIT
since the service industry is
booming in China.
Bullish Service
Sector
	 The service sec-
tor of China contribute to
43.67% of the country’s
GDP in 2014, which makes
service sector accounted
for the large part of china’s
output. Also, service sector
had been increasing rapid-
ly from 2010 to 2014. More-
over, a significant number
of services sector compa-
nies are stepping into the
market to satisfy consumer
needs. Under such circum-
stance, it is recommend-
ed that DEXIBIT grabs the
chance and enter Chinese
market.
Mobile and Internet
Penetration
	 Mobile penetration
stood at 97.85 per 100 peo-
ple in 2014 with the country
having 1.33 billion mobile
subscriptions. Additionally,
China’s internet-connected
populationtotaled613.55mil-
lion at the end of 2013 which
counted for 45.1% of the pop-
ulation. Although, Broad-
band services are mostly
restricted to the commer-
cial segment, the trend is
undergoing a change since
more and more residential
customers are opting for
these services
10.22%
$128.5
Billion
43.67%
of GDP
1.33
Billion
Why China
Although, China is a promising country for the business people to set up their own business or to
expand their current market operation. China on the other hand, is still a developing country.By
this, government intervention is still prevalent in harnessing industries within the territory. Of so
many challanges that we identified so far, DEXIBIT need to take a closer attention at Guanxi-based
business relations, high restriction on foreign direct investment, Weak intellectual property rights
enforcement, upcoming new cybersecurity law and other challenges.The following paragraph will
discus how these challanges are addressed properly.
	 According to Silvia and Simone (2015), Guanxi
practice is deeply entrenched in Chinese culture. Es-
sentially, Guanxi means a utilitarian capital: the ex-
changes of favors enable individuals to achieve per-
sonal advantages (Lee and Ellis, 2000).
	 Therefore, it is recommended that DEXIBIT
should nurture and maintain Guanxi in China, espe-
cially with the local agents. In the meantime, having
a good relationship with the local and central govern-
ment is also essential to the success of the business in
the long term.
	 This report highly advises for any company to
treat government as an ally. One obvious example
came from the case of Air New Zealand. According to
New Zealand Trade and Enterprise (2015), during the
process of building up Auckland-Shanghai air service,
Air New Zealand gained credibility and support from
lower levels of the bureaucracy and stakeholders from
low level of management. As such, building a network
with top executive levels became much easier
GUANXI AND CULTURAL
BARRIER
	 China’s product market regulation is still way
above other BRICS nations. Liberalization and deregu-
lation have been slow in almost all areas. Figure 7 (see
appendix) illustrates 2014 FDI Regulatory Restrictive-
ness Index. China is identified as the most restrictive
nation among its BRICS counterparts.
	 In a similar vein, Internet censorship is com-
mon practice done by the Chinese government. This
preventive action is taken to ensure that none of the
many sensitive topics are allowed to be discussed
publicly.
FDI RESTRICTION
AND MEDIA CENCORCSHIP
	 China famously has a very weak record of in-
tellectual property rights (IPR) protection. Intellectual
property in China has been merely imitative rather
than being innovative, and the enforcement of IPR is
ineffective. In fact, China's poor IPR practices resulted
in China been added to the United States Trade Rep-
resentative (USTR)'s Priority Watch List, which is the
category for US trading partners with the most seri-
ous IPR violations in 2014 by the International Intel-
lectual Property Alliance (IIPA).
	 Piracy is widely prevalent in music, films, tele-
vision programming, books and journals, software
and other copyrighted products. (MarketLine, 2015)
Furthermore, many Chinese illegal intellectual com-
panies just directly duplicate trendy products. Since
imitation is the main actions for most Shan Zhai com-
panies, that is to say, DEXIBIT might be duplicate ille-
gally in China when it gain high brand awareness and
market and DEXIBIT should be ready for it. (Feng & Li,
2011)
INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY
CYCBERSECURITY
LAW
	 According to the Fortune magazine (2015),
China is drafting a law that requires organizations es-
pecially Internet service providers (ISP) to store data
that have been collected domestically in China.
	 Fortune believes the new cybersecurity law will
increase barriers for foreign companies to do business
in China. Therefore, it serves as a precaution for DEXIB-
IT not to take this matter lightly. Alternatively, DEXIBIT
could store their data in the reliable agents
Challanges Challanges
“Cybersecurity is a shared
responsibility”
Digital Landscape
The digital trend, in terms of internet subscribers, reaches out to 198 million subscribers
in 2013, a slightly greater than European subscribers. While the data seems convincing
since China has a much larger population, the e-commerce-driven activity only accounts
for less than 50% as to the US market by now. By this, China's digital trend has set to out-
pace in the near foreseeable future (Euromonitor, 2015)
INTERNET
SUBSCRIBER
TELECOMMUNICATION
INDUSTRY
INTERNET USER
BASE
China is a global lead-
er in mobile and inter-
net subscribers with a
total of more than 380
million subscribers.
The trend becomes ap-
parent among middle
youth who aspires to
be a tech savvy.
Telecommunication in-
dustries are heavily in-
vesting in 4G network
and fibre-optic and at
the same time, smart-
phone sales hit 350 mil-
lion units in 2015, and
it is expected to grow
rapidly.
Massive internet
user base drives rap-
id growth in e-com-
merce. Total sales
generated from using
online platforms as a
market place accounts
for as much as USD 9.1
Billion in profit.
“An Art Book is A Museum
Without Wall”
Museum
Overview
•	 3660 museums in China
•	 190 new museums each year
•	 400,000 visitors for each museum in ratio
•	 400,000,000 visitors every year
•	 CNY 41,000,000 in total revenue
Why Shanghai
Heart of The Nation
The tourism outlook in Shanghai holds a great deal
of opportunities to exploit. With an average dispos-
able income of the population around 80,000 Yuan
(USD 12,604), Shanghai can be considered as a city
where the heart of economic activities occurs.
Shanghai can also host and handle both national and
international events at the same time (Euromonitor,
2014). A sharp increase of 64% in Shanghai tourism
proves to be the indicator how attractive the city is.
In summary, Shanghai’s long term potential remains
strong in the tourism sector.
End-Users Consentration
Although the number of museum visitors in Shang-
hai is far less superior to other cities such as Jiangxi,
Sichuan and Hunan, Shanghai is still a home for
more than 7,000 billionaires
The city is also drawing a great deal of attention
where students across China are spending their
holiday in (Customer Segment Research, 2015).
Based on the data above we can say that the cus-
tomer target for end customers are concentrated in
Shanghai (The Power of Proximity, 2011).
End-Users Profile
ATTITUDE
PROFILE
BEHAVIOUR
PROFILE
DEMOGRAPHIC
PROFILE
Maximizer
Tech Savvy
Artist
Educated People
Insensitive to Price
Change
Most Receptive to
Museum Apps
Sensitive to Price
Change
Higher Value on
Functionality
Enjoy Museum Expe-
rience Online
Visiting Frequency is
High
Museum as a Source
of Inspiration
Visiting Frequency is
Low
Moderate to High
Purchasing Power
Low to Moderate
Purchasing Power
Moderate Purchas-
ing Power
Moderate to High
Purchasing Power
Competition Landscape
	 The report identifies several competitiors in the related market, these competitiors however
are mostly based outside China. Based on the intial report, we are able to identify four companies.
the competitive landscape can be classified into several categories. The first category is a company
that is predominantly based in New Zealand. The second category is companies that are considered
as a big and stable company, generating more than USD 100 million. The third category is a a com-
pany that actuallty resembles DEXIBIT in terms of its business model and is still growing within the
China’s territory.
	 Story, in particular, is a startup company com-
peting on a similar platform as DEXIBIT is. Story is a
New Zealand based company and has been operating
for a couple of years. The company offers a wide array
of mobile applications that helps museums, art ex-
hibition, and cultural heritage exhibition to enhance
their customer experience. By offering an interactive
platform that is able to cater a real-time analytics, the
company aims to target not only the museum manage-
ment team but also attempts to engage directly with
the end customers.
	 Adage is a global leader in providing interactive
application for museum and art exhibition. The US-
based company mainly operates in the domain of web
customization, web design and mobile website applica-
tion. As per current market, they have been generating
for more than $286 Million in revenue resulting from
partnership and their e-commerce platform. However,
Adage does not directly compete on business analytic
platform.
	 MyOrpheo is founded in 1992 in the US and has
been installing their mobile application for more than
1,000 sites ranging from museums, art exhibitions and
also cultural heritages. With a focus on maintaining a
high quality level of service, MyOrpheo emphasizes
their operation in catering mobile and web application
as well as data analytic application. Although, the com-
pany’s branch is situated across cities, MyOrpheo has
not decided to enter the china’s market yet.
	 Muti-prism is a Chinese-based company that
creates mobile and web application designated for
museums, art galleries, and cultural heritage as well. It
was founded in 2012 and has been awarded as the best
technology based company for museum by Chinese
association of museum. The service they offer includes
beacon installation, designing a creative museum appli-
cation and additional service such as data analytic.
Maximizer Maximizer
Prefer the utmost immersive museum and gallery experience
Extravagant and high-quality lifestyle.
Insensitive to price
High Purchasing Power
Visiting Frequency: Moderate to High
Middle to Upper class
Average age: 30 to mid 40
Education level: College Grads Above
Behavior
Attitude
Purchasing
Power
Price
Sensitive
EXPERIENCE
LEVEL
PRICE
SENSITIVITY
	 Bringing museum experience to the
utmost is a requirement to keep the customer
engaged. Maximizers are seen as potential cus-
tomers that both have the tendency to enjoy
the museum and the tendency to justify their
social class.
According to the report (Magni and Poh, 2013),
capturing immersive experience for this end-us-
ers requires tech-enabled customer engage-
ment. This can be achieved through using an
online mobile platform where simplicity is the
key driver to its success.
	 Of all the challenges that the chinese
middle class presents to marketers, understand-
ing the specific needs and purchasing power of
the group is of utmost importance. Middle class
consumers have rising purchasing power and
are increasingly willing to pay more for higher
quality, brand names, and differentiated fea-
tures (Song and Cui, 2009)
Chinese middle income class is less price sensi-
tive compared with any other classes under the
same category. However, one must understand
that putting the right pricetag still matters.
VISITING
FREQUENCY
AGE
MATTERS
	 This affluent type customers are by far
more likely to be enjoying museums frequently
as opposed to tech savvy and educated people.
The similar traits with artists but have more dis-
posable income at hand can be an advantage to
the museum and exhibition owner.
It is also understandable that 23% of this end
user (Maximizer) spends their time doing out-
door activities. These outdoor activities, as the
report suggests is a way for this end user seg-
ment to find a gateaway from the workplace.
	 Middle income class in Beijing aged
between 30s to mid 40s (Euromonitor, 2015).
Recent data shows that this class category is
accustomed to using social-media platform as
a means of communication and e-commerce
place.
To be more precise, 66.4% of the total middle
youth class are currently using WeChat as the
most popular social media. The data demon-
strate a promising customer target in relation to
digital trend (Euromonitor, 2015)
Mode of Entry
	 The chance of being a hit in China depends on how DEXIBIT builds upon their relation-
ship with the existing business entities in China. For this part, we'd like to focus on the creation of
channels in China. New Zealand Trade and Enterprise stringly recommends that partnering with
local agents ensure the easiness of making the initial contact of establishing market presence. local
agents in relation to DEXIBIT’s current business model can be divided into two different partner-
ship. sales and distribution agents and manufacturing agents.
Sales 01
Marketing agents
Manufacture 02
Museums 03
End-users 04
Hard-wares
Promotion
APP
MARKETING AND SALES
AGENTS
	 This kind of local part-
ners helps DEXIBIT to target
the market in Shanghai easily.
it’s a quick way to bypass local
culture.
	 We suggest that going
to partner with local partners
would be the most feasible
way to conduct business.
Their primary job is to ensure
that the devices can be sold to
various museums and art gal-
lery venues.
MANUFACTURING
AGENTS
This kind of partnership seeks
out the possibility of provid-
ing reliable hardware manu-
facturers in China.
Foxconn as the leading tech-
nology manufacturer in China
serves as a good starting point
to create a mutual partnership
with. It also allows to drive the
cost structure down as the
company does not necessarily
have to outsource their prod-
uct from Europe.
Establishing Network
New Zealand trade and enterprise strongly suggests all the New Zealand companies need to do re-
search first and then physically visit the market to build connections and look for face to face advice
and information from different sources before making any decisions on how to enter the Chinese
market. (New Zealand Trade & Enterprise, 2015). Nevertheless, the use of agents as it has been pre-
viously stated before posesses several advantages and disadvantages as well.
LOCAL AGENTS
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
•	 Agents have the right to claim a large amount of
compensation when the agency agreement about
to finish
•	 Double taxation might happen, should take local
law into consideration
•	 it’s very costly to manage stock inventory
•	 Agents are usually not exclusive, they might also
sell similar products which have to be controlled.
•	 Overpromising— a key lesson that many Kiwi com-
panies learnt was many Chinese agents will exag-
gerate their ability
•	 Raising your costs and selling price
•	 Reducing your control over sales and
marketing
•	 Potentially increasing the risk of your
product being counterfeited.
•	 Data are not allowed to take out from
China
•	 Partners potentially become rivals once
they understand how the business works
CONDUCTING BUSINESS
DEXIBIT needs to assign the selected local agent to promote the products
to the three museums in Shanghai. As soon as the negotiation is wrapped
up, provide relevant training to DEXIBIT’s key partners.
STEP 1
STEP 2 We identify three potential clients to be targeting for the initial phase, of
three clients are Shanghai National Museum, Shanghai National Mu-
seum of Art and Shanghai Urban Planning Exhibition Center
STEP 3
STEP 4 Once the hardware equipment is installed. Encourage the three muse-
ums to promote the software application using several channels to the
end users.
Beacons andWifi Markers need to be manufactured at the predetermined
local manufacturing agents. Ship the equipment to the museum and in-
stall all the devices afterwards.
Cost Structure Revenue Projection
The following information will provide an overview of a possible annual income the company
can generate from selling their products that include hardware sales (Beacons and WiFi Mark-
ers), monthly subscription fee, consulting service, business analytic software as well as its sub-
scription fee
Revenue Stream 2016 2017 2018
Hardware Sales
Beacon
Tough Beacon
Wifi Marker
Business Analytic
Software
Annual Subscription
(Beacon and Markers)
Consulting Service
$48,510
$64,680
$368,676
$36,000
N/A
$125,760
$53,361
$71,148
$405,543
$39,600
N/A
$138,336
$58,697
$78,262
$446,097
$43,560
N/A
$152,169
The first assumptions are the calculation regarding the beacon sales, tough beacon sales and Wi-Fi marker
sales.The revenue generated from selling the hardware can be obtained using complex calculation including
museum spaces and number of targeted museum in the first year.
The second assumption is the annual subscription of business analytic software. So far, we are unable to get
the average annual subscription fee for this revenue stream. Due to the nature of the business analytic soft-
ware that requires massive customization, we used $300/Annum for the annual subscription fee.
The third assumption is the fee imposed by providing consulting service. Considering that DEXIBIT is a rel-
atively new player in the industry, we decide to charge the client as much as $80/hour for the consulting
service and multiply it by 262 weekdays in a year.
The fourth assumption is the market growth rate that stands at 10% market growth rate annually.
Total Revenue $778,787$707,908$643,626
REVENUE ASSUMPTIONS
Expenses 2016 2017 2018
COGS
Employee
Salary
Marketing
Campaign
Other
Expenses
$153,137
$51,490
$35,399
$153,137 $153,137
Total Expenses $468,513
$231,705
$56,639 $62,303
The first assumption the calculation regarding the COGS (Cost of Good Sold), our assumption on this matter is
based on the average industry COGS which is around 36%.
The second assumption is calculating the employees salary. We divided the job position into four category. ac-
countant, IT Developer, marketer and administration staff. All of them are paid in Yuan instead of New Zealand
dollar.The average salary for the calculation is taken from the average Shanghai people earn for each job position.
The third assumption is the marketing campaign and other expenses. the calculations shown up in the table are
gleaned by using the assumption of 8% and 5% of the revenue generated in the same year. Nevertheless, it’s up to
the management whether the marketing expenses should increase every year or remain the same.
The fourth assumption is the currency that is being used here. The currency rate for all the calculations, both ex-
penses and revenue streams is (1 NZD = 4.15 CNY)
EXPENSES ASSUMPTIONS
The discussion abouth how the cost structured is devised once DEXIBIT decide to enter the
China’s market is as follows. However, the cost structure as described below is far from flawless.
Thus, it’s important for the management to read thoroughly what assumptions that are being
used to explain the model.
$254,875 $280,363
$38,939$32,181
$500,005 $534,742
Recommendations
1
2
3
	 The need to formulate a posi-
tive marketing campaign is undoubt-
edly required to create positive cus-
tomer relationship both with the
direct customers (Museum, Art Gal-
leries, and Cultural Heritage) and with
the targeted customer segments.
MARKETING CAMPAIGN
	 Finding key partners that are
reliable and provides with superior
product quality is a must for DEXIBIT
to ensure that their revenue streams
keep flowing. The partnership com-
prises finding the right hardware
manufacturers and finding the right
local agents.
FINDING OUT RELIABLE
PARTNERS
Increased competition among this
market should not be taken lightly.
That said, even though none of the
competitors we already identified
have technically competed on the
same offering, DEXIBIT should move
swiftly to capture critical components
of the business model. This includes
establishing vertical integration
across suppliers and local agents to
prevent the competitors from crowd-
ing in the market.
VERTICAL INTEGRATION
4
5
6
	 Guanxi and its complexity in
building relationship could be a real
obstacle in the process. Thus, it is bad-
ly advised for DEXIBIT to utilize the
gatekeeper as individuals who are
able to ease two ways of communica-
tion.
USING GATEKEEPERS
Focusing on the scope of Art Galleries
and Exhibition will nurture relation-
ship. However, it can only be done
through harnessing relationship with
local talents (photographers, artists,
and designer enthusiast).
COLLABORATING WITH TALENTS
	 WeChat, as the most popular
social media platform, would provide
DEXIBITaspacetopromotetheirprod-
uct using their QR scanning feature. It
does not have to be a big collabora-
tion, but it is worthwhile to consider
having a partnership with WeChat.
WECHAT AS PARTNER
Recommendations
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Shanghai’s Office Rent (2015). Retrieved from http://sh.ganji.com/fang8/h0/
Song, K & Cui, A. (2009, January 01). Understanding china’s middle class. Retrieved from http://www.chinab-
usinessreview.com/understanding-chinas-middle-class/
Story. (2015). About Story. Retrieved from http://www.storyinc.co.nz/about/
Technology, Communication and Media, (2015). Retrieved 2 November 2015, from http://www.portal.euro-
monitor.com.ezproxy.auckland.ac.nz/portal/analysis/tab
Tencent. (2015). Interim Report. Retrieved from http://www.tencent.com/en-us/ir/reports.shtml
The Best Seven Museum in Shanghai (2015). Retrieved from http://www.chinahighlights.com/shanghai/
top-seven-museums.htm
The National Bureau of Statistics of China (2015). China National Museum Report 2013. Retrieved October
17th, 2015, from http://data.stats.gov.cn/search.htm?s=%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A6%86
The Power of Proximity: The Complex Story of 21st Century Cities. (2011, October 10). Retrieved from http://
References
portal.euromonitor.com
Travel in China (2015, September 16). Retrieved from http://www.portal.euromonitor.com
Travelchinaguide.com,. (2015). China Tourism: Statistics and Data. Retrieved 26 October 2015, from http://
www.travelchinaguide.com/tourism/
Tsang, N. F., Lee, L. Y., & Qu, H. (2015). Service quality research on China’s hospitality and tourism indus-
try. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 27(3), 473-497. Doi: 10.1108/
IJCHM-01-2014-0048
Ying, L. I. (2014). The Analysis on developing situation and strategy of the museum tourism products in China
[J]. Human Geography, 4, 006.
References
Figure 3 FDI inflows in China, 2004-14 (Marketline, 2015) Figure 4 GDP composition by sector in China,
2014 (Marketline, 2015)
Appendices
Figure1.theNationalBureauofStatisticsofChina(2015) Figure 2 GDP & Growth Rate in China, 2009-19 (Market-
line, 2015)
Figure 5 Service Output in China (Marketline, 2015) Figure 6 Internet Users In China (Marketline,2015)
Figure 7 FDI Regulatory Restrictiveness Index, 2014
(Marketline, 2015)
Figure 11 Sector Wise FDI Restrictiveness In
China, 2014 (Marketline,2015)
Appendices Appendices

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Final Report_Dexibit_Rockstars

  • 1. DEXIBIT BUSINESS REPORT UNDERSTANDING CHINA : DEXIBIT’S PLAN TO ENTER CHINA’S MARKET
  • 2. This report is commissioned to examine the possibility of expanding DEXIBIT’s current market and help to for- mulate appropriate marketing strategies that can be applied in China in the future. The report indicates that entering china’s market is a lucrative deal for DEXIBIT. China as an emerging economy in the Asia pacific re- gion has currently drawn a great deal of attention from both domestic investor and foreign investors. With an expected growth of 7.0% in the fourth quarter, China has been experiencing a slowdown, the lowest one within the last six years (Euromonitor, 2015). As a part of future forecast, 70.9% of china total population will have access to the internet, meaning that almost a bil- lion population will at the very least engage in an on- line platform. Further investigation reveals that in a very specific in- dustry such as tourism with a sub categories of muse- um and art gallery exhibition, the performance showed a mixed result. On one hand, Museums in china are at- tracting more visitors, but in terms of revenue streams, the trend seems to be declining overtime. On the other Contents hand, art gallery exhibition regains its foothold by attracting more visitors in the upcoming years. All calculations however, can be found in the appen- dices below. DEXIBIT, as an aspiring company in providing digi- tal enablement to museum, art gallery exhibitions and cultural heritages, is currently seeking out the opportunity to establish a new market by expand- ing to China. The initial suggestions shows that with existing resources they have, it does present some challenges including but not limiting to use of agent, mode of entry, bigger cost structure and competitors presence in china. The report at some points also exhibits some of its limitation. All the strategies described here are solely based on the general assumption that the market is constant. Furthermore, although the data are valid, it would not be wise to generalize the strategy outside the scope of the market we already researched on. Executive Summary Executive Summary 2 1. External Analysis 3 1.1 Why China 3 1.1.1 Challenges 3 1.1.2 Guanxi 4 1.1.3 Media Censorship 4 1.1.4 Intellectual Property 4 1.1.5 Cybersecurity Law 4 1.2 Industry Analysis 5 1.2.1 Digital Technology 5 1.2.2 Tourism in China 5 1.2.3 Museum Industry 5 1.3 Shanghai 6 1.3.1 Heart of The Nation 6 1.3.2 End-Users Concentration 6 1.4 Competition Landscape 7 1.4.1 Competitiors Profile 7 1.5 Maximizer 8 1.5.1 Experience Level 8 1.5.2 Price Sensitivity 8 1.5.3 Visiting Frequency 9 1.5.4 Age Matters 9 1.6 Expansion Strategy 10 1.6.1 Marketing & Sales Agents 10 1.6.2 Manufacturing Agents 10 1.7 Establishing Network 11 1.7.1 Advantages & Disadvantages 11 1.7.2 Conducting Business 11 1.8 Financial Model 12 1.8.1 Cost Structure 12 1.82 Revenue Projection 13 1.9 Further Actions 14 1.9.1 Recommendations (1) 14 1.9.2 Recommendations (2) 15 References 16 Appendix 19
  • 3. Why China Strong Economic Growth China has main- tained strong economic growth in recent years, with average GDP growth of 10.22% during 2004-13. The economic fundamen- tals of the country are ro- bust with the indicator of a strong economic growth for the past three decades. China’s strong external po- sition is evident from its vast foreign exchange reserves. With strong economic fun- damentals, China has sig- nificant market potential for foreign companies like DEX- IBIT to invest. Foreign Direct Investment China surpassed the US and became the largest recipient of foreign direct in- vestment (FDI) in the world in 2014. China only attracted $40.71 billion FDI in 2000 but the country had attracted FDI inflows worth $128.5 billion in 2014.Moreimportantly,Anin- crease of FDI inflow in 2014 was mainly in services sec- tor especially retail, trans- port and finance. Therefore, it is a good news for DEXIBIT since the service industry is booming in China. Bullish Service Sector The service sec- tor of China contribute to 43.67% of the country’s GDP in 2014, which makes service sector accounted for the large part of china’s output. Also, service sector had been increasing rapid- ly from 2010 to 2014. More- over, a significant number of services sector compa- nies are stepping into the market to satisfy consumer needs. Under such circum- stance, it is recommend- ed that DEXIBIT grabs the chance and enter Chinese market. Mobile and Internet Penetration Mobile penetration stood at 97.85 per 100 peo- ple in 2014 with the country having 1.33 billion mobile subscriptions. Additionally, China’s internet-connected populationtotaled613.55mil- lion at the end of 2013 which counted for 45.1% of the pop- ulation. Although, Broad- band services are mostly restricted to the commer- cial segment, the trend is undergoing a change since more and more residential customers are opting for these services 10.22% $128.5 Billion 43.67% of GDP 1.33 Billion Why China
  • 4. Although, China is a promising country for the business people to set up their own business or to expand their current market operation. China on the other hand, is still a developing country.By this, government intervention is still prevalent in harnessing industries within the territory. Of so many challanges that we identified so far, DEXIBIT need to take a closer attention at Guanxi-based business relations, high restriction on foreign direct investment, Weak intellectual property rights enforcement, upcoming new cybersecurity law and other challenges.The following paragraph will discus how these challanges are addressed properly. According to Silvia and Simone (2015), Guanxi practice is deeply entrenched in Chinese culture. Es- sentially, Guanxi means a utilitarian capital: the ex- changes of favors enable individuals to achieve per- sonal advantages (Lee and Ellis, 2000). Therefore, it is recommended that DEXIBIT should nurture and maintain Guanxi in China, espe- cially with the local agents. In the meantime, having a good relationship with the local and central govern- ment is also essential to the success of the business in the long term. This report highly advises for any company to treat government as an ally. One obvious example came from the case of Air New Zealand. According to New Zealand Trade and Enterprise (2015), during the process of building up Auckland-Shanghai air service, Air New Zealand gained credibility and support from lower levels of the bureaucracy and stakeholders from low level of management. As such, building a network with top executive levels became much easier GUANXI AND CULTURAL BARRIER China’s product market regulation is still way above other BRICS nations. Liberalization and deregu- lation have been slow in almost all areas. Figure 7 (see appendix) illustrates 2014 FDI Regulatory Restrictive- ness Index. China is identified as the most restrictive nation among its BRICS counterparts. In a similar vein, Internet censorship is com- mon practice done by the Chinese government. This preventive action is taken to ensure that none of the many sensitive topics are allowed to be discussed publicly. FDI RESTRICTION AND MEDIA CENCORCSHIP China famously has a very weak record of in- tellectual property rights (IPR) protection. Intellectual property in China has been merely imitative rather than being innovative, and the enforcement of IPR is ineffective. In fact, China's poor IPR practices resulted in China been added to the United States Trade Rep- resentative (USTR)'s Priority Watch List, which is the category for US trading partners with the most seri- ous IPR violations in 2014 by the International Intel- lectual Property Alliance (IIPA). Piracy is widely prevalent in music, films, tele- vision programming, books and journals, software and other copyrighted products. (MarketLine, 2015) Furthermore, many Chinese illegal intellectual com- panies just directly duplicate trendy products. Since imitation is the main actions for most Shan Zhai com- panies, that is to say, DEXIBIT might be duplicate ille- gally in China when it gain high brand awareness and market and DEXIBIT should be ready for it. (Feng & Li, 2011) INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY CYCBERSECURITY LAW According to the Fortune magazine (2015), China is drafting a law that requires organizations es- pecially Internet service providers (ISP) to store data that have been collected domestically in China. Fortune believes the new cybersecurity law will increase barriers for foreign companies to do business in China. Therefore, it serves as a precaution for DEXIB- IT not to take this matter lightly. Alternatively, DEXIBIT could store their data in the reliable agents Challanges Challanges “Cybersecurity is a shared responsibility”
  • 5. Digital Landscape The digital trend, in terms of internet subscribers, reaches out to 198 million subscribers in 2013, a slightly greater than European subscribers. While the data seems convincing since China has a much larger population, the e-commerce-driven activity only accounts for less than 50% as to the US market by now. By this, China's digital trend has set to out- pace in the near foreseeable future (Euromonitor, 2015) INTERNET SUBSCRIBER TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY INTERNET USER BASE China is a global lead- er in mobile and inter- net subscribers with a total of more than 380 million subscribers. The trend becomes ap- parent among middle youth who aspires to be a tech savvy. Telecommunication in- dustries are heavily in- vesting in 4G network and fibre-optic and at the same time, smart- phone sales hit 350 mil- lion units in 2015, and it is expected to grow rapidly. Massive internet user base drives rap- id growth in e-com- merce. Total sales generated from using online platforms as a market place accounts for as much as USD 9.1 Billion in profit. “An Art Book is A Museum Without Wall” Museum Overview • 3660 museums in China • 190 new museums each year • 400,000 visitors for each museum in ratio • 400,000,000 visitors every year • CNY 41,000,000 in total revenue Why Shanghai Heart of The Nation The tourism outlook in Shanghai holds a great deal of opportunities to exploit. With an average dispos- able income of the population around 80,000 Yuan (USD 12,604), Shanghai can be considered as a city where the heart of economic activities occurs. Shanghai can also host and handle both national and international events at the same time (Euromonitor, 2014). A sharp increase of 64% in Shanghai tourism proves to be the indicator how attractive the city is. In summary, Shanghai’s long term potential remains strong in the tourism sector. End-Users Consentration Although the number of museum visitors in Shang- hai is far less superior to other cities such as Jiangxi, Sichuan and Hunan, Shanghai is still a home for more than 7,000 billionaires The city is also drawing a great deal of attention where students across China are spending their holiday in (Customer Segment Research, 2015). Based on the data above we can say that the cus- tomer target for end customers are concentrated in Shanghai (The Power of Proximity, 2011).
  • 6. End-Users Profile ATTITUDE PROFILE BEHAVIOUR PROFILE DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE Maximizer Tech Savvy Artist Educated People Insensitive to Price Change Most Receptive to Museum Apps Sensitive to Price Change Higher Value on Functionality Enjoy Museum Expe- rience Online Visiting Frequency is High Museum as a Source of Inspiration Visiting Frequency is Low Moderate to High Purchasing Power Low to Moderate Purchasing Power Moderate Purchas- ing Power Moderate to High Purchasing Power Competition Landscape The report identifies several competitiors in the related market, these competitiors however are mostly based outside China. Based on the intial report, we are able to identify four companies. the competitive landscape can be classified into several categories. The first category is a company that is predominantly based in New Zealand. The second category is companies that are considered as a big and stable company, generating more than USD 100 million. The third category is a a com- pany that actuallty resembles DEXIBIT in terms of its business model and is still growing within the China’s territory. Story, in particular, is a startup company com- peting on a similar platform as DEXIBIT is. Story is a New Zealand based company and has been operating for a couple of years. The company offers a wide array of mobile applications that helps museums, art ex- hibition, and cultural heritage exhibition to enhance their customer experience. By offering an interactive platform that is able to cater a real-time analytics, the company aims to target not only the museum manage- ment team but also attempts to engage directly with the end customers. Adage is a global leader in providing interactive application for museum and art exhibition. The US- based company mainly operates in the domain of web customization, web design and mobile website applica- tion. As per current market, they have been generating for more than $286 Million in revenue resulting from partnership and their e-commerce platform. However, Adage does not directly compete on business analytic platform. MyOrpheo is founded in 1992 in the US and has been installing their mobile application for more than 1,000 sites ranging from museums, art exhibitions and also cultural heritages. With a focus on maintaining a high quality level of service, MyOrpheo emphasizes their operation in catering mobile and web application as well as data analytic application. Although, the com- pany’s branch is situated across cities, MyOrpheo has not decided to enter the china’s market yet. Muti-prism is a Chinese-based company that creates mobile and web application designated for museums, art galleries, and cultural heritage as well. It was founded in 2012 and has been awarded as the best technology based company for museum by Chinese association of museum. The service they offer includes beacon installation, designing a creative museum appli- cation and additional service such as data analytic.
  • 7. Maximizer Maximizer Prefer the utmost immersive museum and gallery experience Extravagant and high-quality lifestyle. Insensitive to price High Purchasing Power Visiting Frequency: Moderate to High Middle to Upper class Average age: 30 to mid 40 Education level: College Grads Above Behavior Attitude Purchasing Power Price Sensitive EXPERIENCE LEVEL PRICE SENSITIVITY Bringing museum experience to the utmost is a requirement to keep the customer engaged. Maximizers are seen as potential cus- tomers that both have the tendency to enjoy the museum and the tendency to justify their social class. According to the report (Magni and Poh, 2013), capturing immersive experience for this end-us- ers requires tech-enabled customer engage- ment. This can be achieved through using an online mobile platform where simplicity is the key driver to its success. Of all the challenges that the chinese middle class presents to marketers, understand- ing the specific needs and purchasing power of the group is of utmost importance. Middle class consumers have rising purchasing power and are increasingly willing to pay more for higher quality, brand names, and differentiated fea- tures (Song and Cui, 2009) Chinese middle income class is less price sensi- tive compared with any other classes under the same category. However, one must understand that putting the right pricetag still matters. VISITING FREQUENCY AGE MATTERS This affluent type customers are by far more likely to be enjoying museums frequently as opposed to tech savvy and educated people. The similar traits with artists but have more dis- posable income at hand can be an advantage to the museum and exhibition owner. It is also understandable that 23% of this end user (Maximizer) spends their time doing out- door activities. These outdoor activities, as the report suggests is a way for this end user seg- ment to find a gateaway from the workplace. Middle income class in Beijing aged between 30s to mid 40s (Euromonitor, 2015). Recent data shows that this class category is accustomed to using social-media platform as a means of communication and e-commerce place. To be more precise, 66.4% of the total middle youth class are currently using WeChat as the most popular social media. The data demon- strate a promising customer target in relation to digital trend (Euromonitor, 2015)
  • 8. Mode of Entry The chance of being a hit in China depends on how DEXIBIT builds upon their relation- ship with the existing business entities in China. For this part, we'd like to focus on the creation of channels in China. New Zealand Trade and Enterprise stringly recommends that partnering with local agents ensure the easiness of making the initial contact of establishing market presence. local agents in relation to DEXIBIT’s current business model can be divided into two different partner- ship. sales and distribution agents and manufacturing agents. Sales 01 Marketing agents Manufacture 02 Museums 03 End-users 04 Hard-wares Promotion APP MARKETING AND SALES AGENTS This kind of local part- ners helps DEXIBIT to target the market in Shanghai easily. it’s a quick way to bypass local culture. We suggest that going to partner with local partners would be the most feasible way to conduct business. Their primary job is to ensure that the devices can be sold to various museums and art gal- lery venues. MANUFACTURING AGENTS This kind of partnership seeks out the possibility of provid- ing reliable hardware manu- facturers in China. Foxconn as the leading tech- nology manufacturer in China serves as a good starting point to create a mutual partnership with. It also allows to drive the cost structure down as the company does not necessarily have to outsource their prod- uct from Europe. Establishing Network New Zealand trade and enterprise strongly suggests all the New Zealand companies need to do re- search first and then physically visit the market to build connections and look for face to face advice and information from different sources before making any decisions on how to enter the Chinese market. (New Zealand Trade & Enterprise, 2015). Nevertheless, the use of agents as it has been pre- viously stated before posesses several advantages and disadvantages as well. LOCAL AGENTS ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES • Agents have the right to claim a large amount of compensation when the agency agreement about to finish • Double taxation might happen, should take local law into consideration • it’s very costly to manage stock inventory • Agents are usually not exclusive, they might also sell similar products which have to be controlled. • Overpromising— a key lesson that many Kiwi com- panies learnt was many Chinese agents will exag- gerate their ability • Raising your costs and selling price • Reducing your control over sales and marketing • Potentially increasing the risk of your product being counterfeited. • Data are not allowed to take out from China • Partners potentially become rivals once they understand how the business works CONDUCTING BUSINESS DEXIBIT needs to assign the selected local agent to promote the products to the three museums in Shanghai. As soon as the negotiation is wrapped up, provide relevant training to DEXIBIT’s key partners. STEP 1 STEP 2 We identify three potential clients to be targeting for the initial phase, of three clients are Shanghai National Museum, Shanghai National Mu- seum of Art and Shanghai Urban Planning Exhibition Center STEP 3 STEP 4 Once the hardware equipment is installed. Encourage the three muse- ums to promote the software application using several channels to the end users. Beacons andWifi Markers need to be manufactured at the predetermined local manufacturing agents. Ship the equipment to the museum and in- stall all the devices afterwards.
  • 9. Cost Structure Revenue Projection The following information will provide an overview of a possible annual income the company can generate from selling their products that include hardware sales (Beacons and WiFi Mark- ers), monthly subscription fee, consulting service, business analytic software as well as its sub- scription fee Revenue Stream 2016 2017 2018 Hardware Sales Beacon Tough Beacon Wifi Marker Business Analytic Software Annual Subscription (Beacon and Markers) Consulting Service $48,510 $64,680 $368,676 $36,000 N/A $125,760 $53,361 $71,148 $405,543 $39,600 N/A $138,336 $58,697 $78,262 $446,097 $43,560 N/A $152,169 The first assumptions are the calculation regarding the beacon sales, tough beacon sales and Wi-Fi marker sales.The revenue generated from selling the hardware can be obtained using complex calculation including museum spaces and number of targeted museum in the first year. The second assumption is the annual subscription of business analytic software. So far, we are unable to get the average annual subscription fee for this revenue stream. Due to the nature of the business analytic soft- ware that requires massive customization, we used $300/Annum for the annual subscription fee. The third assumption is the fee imposed by providing consulting service. Considering that DEXIBIT is a rel- atively new player in the industry, we decide to charge the client as much as $80/hour for the consulting service and multiply it by 262 weekdays in a year. The fourth assumption is the market growth rate that stands at 10% market growth rate annually. Total Revenue $778,787$707,908$643,626 REVENUE ASSUMPTIONS Expenses 2016 2017 2018 COGS Employee Salary Marketing Campaign Other Expenses $153,137 $51,490 $35,399 $153,137 $153,137 Total Expenses $468,513 $231,705 $56,639 $62,303 The first assumption the calculation regarding the COGS (Cost of Good Sold), our assumption on this matter is based on the average industry COGS which is around 36%. The second assumption is calculating the employees salary. We divided the job position into four category. ac- countant, IT Developer, marketer and administration staff. All of them are paid in Yuan instead of New Zealand dollar.The average salary for the calculation is taken from the average Shanghai people earn for each job position. The third assumption is the marketing campaign and other expenses. the calculations shown up in the table are gleaned by using the assumption of 8% and 5% of the revenue generated in the same year. Nevertheless, it’s up to the management whether the marketing expenses should increase every year or remain the same. The fourth assumption is the currency that is being used here. The currency rate for all the calculations, both ex- penses and revenue streams is (1 NZD = 4.15 CNY) EXPENSES ASSUMPTIONS The discussion abouth how the cost structured is devised once DEXIBIT decide to enter the China’s market is as follows. However, the cost structure as described below is far from flawless. Thus, it’s important for the management to read thoroughly what assumptions that are being used to explain the model. $254,875 $280,363 $38,939$32,181 $500,005 $534,742
  • 10. Recommendations 1 2 3 The need to formulate a posi- tive marketing campaign is undoubt- edly required to create positive cus- tomer relationship both with the direct customers (Museum, Art Gal- leries, and Cultural Heritage) and with the targeted customer segments. MARKETING CAMPAIGN Finding key partners that are reliable and provides with superior product quality is a must for DEXIBIT to ensure that their revenue streams keep flowing. The partnership com- prises finding the right hardware manufacturers and finding the right local agents. FINDING OUT RELIABLE PARTNERS Increased competition among this market should not be taken lightly. That said, even though none of the competitors we already identified have technically competed on the same offering, DEXIBIT should move swiftly to capture critical components of the business model. This includes establishing vertical integration across suppliers and local agents to prevent the competitors from crowd- ing in the market. VERTICAL INTEGRATION 4 5 6 Guanxi and its complexity in building relationship could be a real obstacle in the process. Thus, it is bad- ly advised for DEXIBIT to utilize the gatekeeper as individuals who are able to ease two ways of communica- tion. USING GATEKEEPERS Focusing on the scope of Art Galleries and Exhibition will nurture relation- ship. However, it can only be done through harnessing relationship with local talents (photographers, artists, and designer enthusiast). COLLABORATING WITH TALENTS WeChat, as the most popular social media platform, would provide DEXIBITaspacetopromotetheirprod- uct using their QR scanning feature. It does not have to be a big collabora- tion, but it is worthwhile to consider having a partnership with WeChat. WECHAT AS PARTNER Recommendations
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  • 12. portal.euromonitor.com Travel in China (2015, September 16). Retrieved from http://www.portal.euromonitor.com Travelchinaguide.com,. (2015). China Tourism: Statistics and Data. Retrieved 26 October 2015, from http:// www.travelchinaguide.com/tourism/ Tsang, N. F., Lee, L. Y., & Qu, H. (2015). Service quality research on China’s hospitality and tourism indus- try. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 27(3), 473-497. Doi: 10.1108/ IJCHM-01-2014-0048 Ying, L. I. (2014). The Analysis on developing situation and strategy of the museum tourism products in China [J]. Human Geography, 4, 006. References Figure 3 FDI inflows in China, 2004-14 (Marketline, 2015) Figure 4 GDP composition by sector in China, 2014 (Marketline, 2015) Appendices Figure1.theNationalBureauofStatisticsofChina(2015) Figure 2 GDP & Growth Rate in China, 2009-19 (Market- line, 2015)
  • 13. Figure 5 Service Output in China (Marketline, 2015) Figure 6 Internet Users In China (Marketline,2015) Figure 7 FDI Regulatory Restrictiveness Index, 2014 (Marketline, 2015) Figure 11 Sector Wise FDI Restrictiveness In China, 2014 (Marketline,2015) Appendices Appendices