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Lecture 31 Mycoplasms
1. بسم ا الرحمن الرحيم
MYCOPLASMAS
Prof. Khalifa Sifaw Ghenghesh
2. Pleomorphic organisms
No cell wall
– Resistant to antibiotics act on bacterial
cell wall synthesis and to lysozyme
Require animal protein (blood serum)
and sterol for cultivation
On agar
– Colonies have “fried egg” appearance
Two Important genera
– Mycoplasma
– Ureaplasma
5. Mycoplasma & Ureaplasma
Important species associated
with human disease
–M. fermentans
–M. genitalium
–M. hominis
–M. pneumoniae
–Ureaplasma urealyticum
6. Pathogenesis
1. Respiratory Infections
Primary atypical pneumonia
– M. pneumoniae
Respiratory infection in the newborn
– M. hominis and U. urealyticum
Other respiratory infection
– M. hominis and M. fermentans?
7. 2. Urogenital Infections
Mainly M. hominis and U. urealyticum
Urogenital infections in men >> NGU
Urinary infection and calculi
– Acute pylonephritis
– Patients with infective stones
Reproductive tract disease in women
– Bacterial vaginosis
– PID
Disease associated with pregnancy and
newborn
8. 3. Joint Infections
U. Urealyticum and M. genitalium
Sexually acquired reactive arthritis
Reiter’s disease and rheumatoid arthritis
4. Infection in the Immunocompromised
M. penumoniae, M. hominis and
ureaplasms
Severe pneumonia, arthritis, persistent
urethritis and chronic cystitis
9. Laboratory Diagnosis
1. Respiratory Infections
Specific serological test
– Complement fixation test
Isolation of M. pneumoniae
– Specimen: sputum, throat washing,
pharyngeal swab
– Specific selective liquid and solid media
– Requires up to 3 weeks incubation ?
PCR
10. 2. Urogenital Infections
Isolation of the causative organism
– Specimen: Urethral, cervical or vaginal
swabs
– Specific selective liquid media
– Culture on solid media
Serological tests
– For definitive identification
PCR
– DNA primers used for amplification by
PCR