Introducing to BIM and its benefits across disciplines - Bilal Succar at OICE International Forum on BIM

Organisational Implementation & Macro Adoption
Building Information Modelling
Dr. Bilal Succar Change Agents + BIMexcellence.com
bsuccar@changeagents.com.au
Milan, Italy | April 20, 2016

Dr. Bilal Succar | Milan | April 20, 2016 Slide 2OICE INTERNATIONAL FORUM ON BIM
I. Quick Introduction
II. BIM transformation within organisations
a. BIM Capability Stages
b. understanding BIM Uses, Benefits and Effects
IV. Developing a market-wide BIM Adoption Policy
a. understanding BIM through a Comprehensive Definition
b. BIM Maturity Levels
III. Evaluating BIM adoption across markets
a. Extent of BIM Diffusion
b. Macro Maturity Components
c. comparing BIM Benefits with typical BIM Leadership
a. sample Policy Roadmap
c. Diffusion Dynamics
d. Policy Actions
e. BIM Diffusion Roles
and Responsibilities
a. sample Policy Development Plan
c. Point of Adoption model
d. BIM Maturity Matrix

another BIM Definition
yet quite a comprehensive one

Building Information Modelling is a set of
technologies, processes and policies enabling
multiple stakeholders to collaboratively
design, construct and operate a facility

(Succar,2008)
BIM can be better understood by flipping the term

(Succar, 2008)
BIM can be better understood by understanding objects

Benefits, Uses and Effects
of BIM on projects and industry stakeholders

main Benefits of BIM
model-based cost estimation
automated code checking
constructible complex geometries
…and many more
better coordinated drawings
improved prefabrication
more accurate costs
better visual communication
BIM improves legacy outcomesBIM delivers new outcomes
less rework and RFIs
less physical waste
less conflict  less waste of time
BIM reduces waste
cost certainty
time certainty
elemental certainty
BIM improves certainty

1. Capturing and Representing
2. Planning and Designing
3. Simulating and Quantifying
4. Constructing and Fabricating
5. Operating and Maintaining
6. Monitoring and Controlling
7. Linking and Extending
SJB Architects
granuland
especs
cener.com
cener.com
hbp.usm.my
enovaya.com
relex / PTC
be magazine
BIM’s has many uses
across an asset’s life cycle:
BIM Excellence Model Use Categories
Learn more at http://bit.lt/BIMepisode24

Effects of BIM on Design Workflows – partial list:
Image: HASSELL
 Significant changes to workflow between
different design consultants
 Changes in cost distribution (not necessarily
reflected in payment structures)
 New requirements for quantity estimates and
detailed simulations to justify design choices
 Creation of new roles and re-alignment of
varied staff responsibilities

Effects of BIM on Construction Workflows – partial list:
 Reduction of design ambiguity and
clarification of constructability
 Better visualisation of construction sequences
and testing of alternatives
 Better coordination of trades
 Better lift planning and on-time delivery
 Better access to on-site information
 More accurate onsite set-outs
Image: Trimble

Effects of BIM on Owners – partial list:
 A more transparent design
process
 More accurate cost planning
 Better collaboration b/w
designers
 Speedier project delivery
through fast-tracking and
concurrent engineering
During project delivery:
 Better maintenance through
digitised workflows
 Connection with maintenance
systems, building management
systems, and similar
 Linking the asset to other assets
through GIS, ERP and other
databases/systems
Post Construction:

Comparative BIM Benefits
by Stakeholder Group (Australia + similar markets)

BIM Capability
and BIM Maturity
2 of 4

BIM Capability Stages
as applicable to organisations

p re BIM
integ ra ted BIM
It is practically impossible to jump from pre-BIM (the status
before BIM implementation) to full BIM capability in one step!
Frank Gehry
A number of intermediary stages separate no BIM from ‘full’ BIM.

1 2 3
object-based
modelling
network-based
integration
model-based
collaborationpre BIM post BIM

pre BIM
Frank Gehry
hand-drawing 2D cad
BIM Stages
Pre-BIM Status
Before the implementation of BIM,
organizations are still dependent on
manual and 2d CAD tools and
processes.
Tools similar to AutoCAD® and
MicroStation ® are prolifically used to
generate scaled drawings and details.
(Succar, 2009)

five types of model-based deliverables
(Succar, 2009)
BIM capability is acquired through the
successful implementation of an ‘object-
based software tool’ similar to Revit®,
Archicad® and Tekla®.
BIM Stages
BIM Stage 1
object-based
modelling
These tools can generate five types of
model based deliverables and are used to
generate single-disciplinary models within
either design, construction or operation –
the three main Project Lifecycle Phases.

no model
interchanges
cad 2D and 3D
from models
(Succar, 2009)
BIM Stages
BIM Stage 1
object-based
modelling
BIM capability is acquired through the
successful implementation of an ‘object-
based software tool’ similar to Revit®,
Archicad® and Tekla®.
These tools can generate five types of
model based deliverables and are used to
generate single-disciplinary models within
either design, construction or operation –
the three Project Lifecycle Phases.
Typically 2D documentation is still the
main output generated as there are no
model interchanges between disciplines.

model
interchanges
model-linking
or federation
At Stage 2 players acquire the ability to
collaborate with other disciplinary
players. Collaboration occurs through an
interchange (interoperable exchange) of
models through ‘proprietary’ formats
(e.g. RVT and NWD) and non-
proprietary formats (e.g. IFC).
(Succar, 2009)
BIM Stages
BIM Stage 2
model-based
collaboration

images: Autodesk
architect
engineer
owner
contractor
BIM Stages
BIM Stage 2
model-based
collaboration
At Stage 2 players acquire the ability to
collaborate with other disciplinary
players. Collaboration occurs through an
interchange (interoperable exchange) of
models through ‘proprietary’ formats
(e.g. RVT and NWD) and non-
proprietary formats (e.g. IFC).
However, at Stage 2, collaboration
between different disciplines is file-
based and one-to-one. This keeps
stakeholders isolated in their silos with
disjointed supply chain workflows.

network-based
integration
integrated models
(not necessarily a single model)
At this capability stage, data-rich
models are created, shared and
maintained collaboratively across
Project Lifecycle Phases.
This integration can be achieved
through ‘model servers’ (using
proprietary, open or non-proprietary
formats), Cloud Computing, or SaaS
(Software as a Service).
BIM Stage 3 models are
interdisciplinary models allowing
complex analyses at early stages of
virtual design and construction.
BIM Stages
BIM Stage 3
(Succar, 2009)

component and
materials costs
integrated
maintenance
systems
operations
business logic
geographic
information
systems (GIS)
services
grid
building
management
systems (BMS)
virtually integrated
Design, Construction &
Operation (viDCO)
BIM Stages
post BIM

BIM Maturity Index video
http://bit.ly/Video-Maturity
9 mins | CC available
This model is also available in
Spanish | French | Italian | …
refer to BIMThinkSpace Ep13

BIM Maturity
as applicable to organisations

BIM Maturity Index video
http://bit.ly/Video-Maturity
9 mins | CC available
This model is also available in
Spanish | French | Italian | …
refer to BIMThinkSpace Ep13

combining capability and maturity
the Point of Adoption Model

Video available on the
BIM Framework Channel

combining capability and maturity
the BIM Maturity Matrix

Download full English version: http://bit.ly/BIM3-English (PDF 578kb) Portuguese: http://bit.ly/BIM3-Portuguese (PDF 711kb)

Evaluating
BIM Adoption
across markets
3 of 4

different ways to measure
BIM Diffusion and Market Maturity

Macro Adoption Models
in collaboration with Dr. Mohamad Kassem
introduction video
http://bit.ly/Video-Macro-Intro

We can measure the Extent of BIM
Diffusion across a market by looking at:
 How many companies are at each
of the three BIM Capability Stages:
 Modelling
 Collaboration
 Integration
 Is the market still focusing on
technology only or is attentive to
BIM processes and BIM policies?
In collaboration with Dr. Mohamad Kassem (Teesside University, UK)
Evaluating BIM Adoption across markets
More
Information
Model A

Model available in
other languages
We can assess the Extent of Market Maturity
within a market by measuring 8 components:
Model B
 Objectives, Stages & Milestones
 Champions & Drivers
 Regulatory Framework
 Noteworthy Publications
 Learning & Education
 Measurements & Benchmarks
 Standardised Parts & Deliverables
 Technology Infrastructure

We can assess the Market’s BIM Diffusion
Dynamics within a market as either:
 Top-Down
 Bottom-Up
 Middle-Out
Model C

We can assess the Policy Maker’s Approach to
Policy Development - as either:
 Passive
 Active
 Assertive
Model available in
other languages
Model D

• Policy Makers
• Educational Institutions
• Construction Organizations
• Individual Practitioners
• Technology Developers
• Technology Service Providers
• Industry Associations
• Communities of Practice
• Technology Advocates
Model available in
other languages
We can assess the Role Played by different groups in
leading, supporting or participating in BIM Diffusion:
Model E

BIM DIFFUSION
POLICY
developing a market-wide
4 of 4

Macro BIM Adoption
sample Policy Roadmap (based on Model B)

Objectives, Stages
& Milestones
Champions
& Drivers
Regulatory
Framework
Noteworthy
Publications
Learning &
Education
Measurements
& Benchmarks
Standardised Parts
& Deliverables
Technology
Infrastructure
2017 2018 2019 20xx2020
Establish basic
strategic objectives
Define min capability
requirements for
projects of Type X
Define minimum capability requirements
and project deliverables for all other types
and sizes of projects
Establish a high-level
task group to develop
a national strategy
Establish mid-level, regional or specialised
satellite task groups to implement the national
strategy and develop detailed protocols
Dissolve all regional satellite groups and
encourage the formation of specialised
Communities of Practice (CoP)s
Develop a framework that encourages
process innovation, early involvement of
contractors and integrated project delivery
Conduct pilot projects using the new framework.
Refine the framework and establish a strategy
for its market-wide adoption
Mandate the use of
the new regulatory
framework
Develop the development of the first set of
guides, protocols and mandates that facilitate
BIM adoption across the market
Establish a list of
noteworthy publications
to be developed
Develop or coordinate the development of a
set of standards that regulate the quality of
project deliverables across the supply chain
Develop a competency inventory, educational
framework, and learning modules. Conduct
awareness sessions across the supply chain
Develop learning modules for tertiary, vocational, and professional
settings. Encourage the development of e-learning material covering all
disciplines and roles. Educate the educators.
Develop metrics for assessing and
prequalifying the capability of organizations
and the competency of individuals
Develop a market-wide benchmark for
project performance. Develop a
performance pre-qualification framework
Establish a market
pre-qualification
register
Develop a protocol
for standardized
components
Generate standardized components for most-
used architectural, structural and mechanical
elements.
Develop a protocol
for min hardware
specifications
Develop a protocol for common data
environments (for exchanging files
and data)
Develop a protocol for a whole life-cycle,
integrated-data environment (covering all
documents, models and data)
Sample BIM Roadmap v0.2

Macro BIM Adoption
sample Policy Development Plan

the Policy Development Plan – in three phases:
1st Phase: INITIATION of Task Group + Framework
2nd Phase: CONSULTATION with industry
3rd Phase: EXECUTION of framework through a roadmap

1st Phase: INITIATION
A. Establish a Task Group1 based on a clear Vision of what needs to be accomplished
1. Develop a clear Task Group Mandate with a limited set of activities
2. Identify Task Group Resources at its disposal to deliver the mandate
1 The task of establishing the Seed Task Group falls upon the ‘volunteer champion’ or the
‘designated driver’. The champion is moved by a vision (of excellence), while the Driver is
moved by a government dictate or as a response to higher-level change agenda or framework.
This is a partial and generic sample of a phased BIM policy
development plan. It will need to be extended and
customized to meet the requirements of each market.
B. Task Group to develop a seed BIM Policy Framework based on Model B
1. Investigate Similar Worldwide Policy Efforts within and outside the construction industry
2. Identify a Policy Approach to Adapt based on market similarity, local culture and resources
3. Identify the market’s Diffusion Dynamics based on Model C
4. Decide on the Policy Approach based on Model D
C. Initiate an Online Presence for sharing Task Group activities (e.g. a website)

A. Engage with Stakeholders as per Model E
1. Conduct Presentations to communicate the Vision/Framework and capture feedback
2. Identify Champions for the Execution Phase
3. Review and Calibrate the BIM Policy Framework
2nd Phase: CONSULTATION
*For each identified Policy Deliverable, decide whether to Adopt
Existing2 (e.g. an international standard), Adapt Existing (tailor to
market requirements), or Develop New Policy Deliverable
C. Publish Roadmap (with a view to update it on a cyclical basis)
B. Develop a BIM Policy Roadmap for implementing the framework (refer to sample):
1. Identify Key Dates and intermediary Milestones
2. Identify Policy Deliverables* and link each to Milestones (e.g. develop an Education Framework
by Feb 1, 20xx)
3. Identify the Stakeholder Group to Lead, Support or Participate in each Policy Deliverable refer to
Diffusion-Role Matrix

3rd Phase: EXECUTION
A. Initiate Pilot Programmes to test Policy Deliverables (e.g. conduct a pilot project)
E. Develop a Certification and/or Accreditation Programme
D. Develop Educational Programmes, Competency Inventories, etc.
C. Develop BIM Guides, Protocols and Mandates (refer to Knowledge Content Taxonomy) – examples:
1. A Model Contract to enables model-based Collaboration and network-based Integration
2. Develop a BIM-centric Procurement Guide
B. Encourage or Incentivise Stakeholder Groups to adopt the BIM policy

Summary
Thoughts and Reflections

THANK YOU
BIM Framework
@bimexcellence
Professional
profile
@bsuccarBIM ThinkSpace BIM Framework
research blogindustry blog videos
company website assessment platform largest BIM Dictionary

Introducing to BIM and its benefits across disciplines - Bilal Succar at OICE International Forum on BIM

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Introducing to BIM and its benefits across disciplines - Bilal Succar at OICE International Forum on BIM