this all about CNC programming

1. ABES Engineering College
Ghaziabad
Summer training program
CNC Milling Machine
Presented by
Gitanshu kumar
Roll No.- 1503240904
Submitted to:-
Mr. Sanjay kumar
Asst. prof. ABESEC GZB

2. Content CNC Machines
 The Evolution of NC
 Types of CNC Machine
 Types of CNC Machine control units
 Different ways of data input
 Operational Features of CNC Machine
 CNC Milling Machine
 Features of CNC Milling
 Tools
 Cut Viewer Mill
 Programming Key Letters
 G Code
 M Code
 CNC Program of 7 and G
 Advantages of CNC machine
 Disadvantages of CNC machines

3. CNC Machines
What is a CNC Machine?
CNC : Computer Numerical Control
Conventionally, an operator decides and adjusts various
machines parameters like feed , depth of cut etc. depending on
type of job , and controls the slide movements by hand. In a
CNC Machine functions and slide movements are controlled by
motors using computer programs.

4. The Evolution of NC
It was in 1947 when numerical control was born. It began when
John C. Parsons of the Parsons Corporation, Traverse City,
Michigan, a manufacturer of helicopter rotor blades, could not
make his templates fast enough. So, he invented a way of
coupling computer equipment with a jig borer. Mr. Parsons used
punched cards to operate his digit Ron system.

5. 1949 was the year of another “Urgent need”. The U.S. Air Material
command realized that parts for its planes and missiles were
becoming more complex. Also, as the designs were constantly
being improved, changes in the drawing were frequently made.
Thus, in their search for methods of faster production, an Air Force
study contract was awarded to the Parsons Corporation. The servo
mechanisms laboratory of the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology (MIT) was the subcontractor.
In 1951, MIT took over the complete job, and in 1952, the
prototype of today’s NC machine, a modified Cincinnati Hydro
Milling Machine, was successfully demonstrated. The term
numerical control was originated at MIT.

6. Types of CNC Machine
There are many different types of CNC Machines used in
industry, Such as:
 Mills and Machining Centers
 Lathes and Turning Centers
 Drilling Machines
 EDM Sinker and wire Cut Machines
 Flame and Laser-Cutting Machines
 Water Jet Profilers

7. Types of CNC Machine
Control Unites
 FANUC CONTROLL
 SIEMENS
 GSK
 MECH 3

8. Different ways of data
input are
MDI : Manual Data Input
PROGRAM PREPARATION WITH CAD CAM
PROGRAM DATA TRANSFER FROM PC TO CNC M/C
PROGRAM DATA TRANSFER FROM PC TO DNC
OPERATIONS
PROGRAM INPUT

9. How CNC Works
 Controlled by G and M codes.
 These are number values and co-ordinates.
 Each number or code is assigned to a particular
operation.
 Typed in manually to CAD by machine operators.
 G&M codes are automatically generated by the
computer software.

10. Operational Features of
CNC Machines

11. CNC Milling Machine
The CNC Milling Simulator
simulates a 3-axis milling
machine with vertical spindle
position. In the CNC simulation
all positioning and feed
movements appear to be made
by the tool carrier, so the
machine table and the work
part have a fixed position and
the tool moves in all three
coordinates

12. Features of CNC Milling
 The tool or material moves.
 Tools can operate in 1-3 axes.
 Larger machines have a machine control unit (MCU) which
manages operations.
 Movement is controlled by a motors .
 Feedback is provided by sensors.
 Tool magazines are used to change tools automatically

13. Tools
 Most are made from high speed steel (HSS),
 Tungsten carbide or ceramics.
 Tools are designed to direct waste away from the
material.
 Some tools need coolant such as oil to protect the
tool and work.

14. Cut Viewer Mill
Special functions of the software
The CNC Simulator incorporates some special
functions which effectively support processing and
NC programming:
 3D representation
 Programming aids for ISO commands
 Setting-up automatics, set-up sheet
 Status management

16. Programming Key Letters
 O -Program number (Used for program identification)
 N -Sequence number (Used for line identification)
 G -Preparatory function
 X -X axis designation
 Y -Y axis designation
 Z -Z axis designation
 R -Radius designation

17.  F –Feed rate designation
 S -Spindle speed designation
 H -Tool length offset
designation
 D -Tool radius offset
designation
 T -Tool Designation
 M -Miscellaneous function

18. G Code

19. M Code

20. N01 M03 S2200
(TOOL/MILL,8,0,15)
(STOCK/BLOCK,100,160,10,0,0,10)
N02 G00 X10 Y10 Z10
N03 GO1 X60 Y10
N03 G01 Z-.8 F15
N04 G01 X70 Y70
N04 G01 X30 Y70
N05 G00 X30 Y70 Z2
N06 G00 X50 Y40
N07 G01 Z-.8
N08 G01 X80 Y40
N09 G00 X80 Y40 Z5
N10 G00 X0 Y0 Z5
N11 G00 X40 Y140
N12 G01 Z-.8
N13 G03 X40 Y90 R1
N14 G01 X40 Y110
N15 G01 X60 Y110
N16 G01 X60 Y90
N17 G00 X60 Y90 Z10
N18 M30
CNC Program of 7 and G

21. Advantages of CNC
machine
 High Repeatability and Precision e.g. Aircraft parts
 Volume of production is very high
 Complex contours/surfaces need to be machined etc.
 Flexibility in job change, automatic tool settings, less
crap
 More safe, higher productivity, better quality
 Less paperwork, faster prototype production, reduction
in lead times

22. Disadvantages of CNC
machines
 Costly setup, skilled operators
 Computers , programming knowledge required
 Maintenance is difficult

23. Thank You
Any Questions 