Water management - Key to Sustainable Urban Planning
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Maren Striker is an urban planner in RTKL Shanghai office with experience in urban planning, urban redevelopment and water management being based primarily in China and the Netherlands. His major areas of focus include sustainable urban development and water management and cross disciplinary urban regeneration and heritage preservation projects. In his presentation, basic water management principles will be discussed and illustrated explaining the dynamics of water in coastal systems and river basins in large master-planning projects around Asia.
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Water management - Key to Sustainable Urban Planning
- 1. WATER MANAGEMENT KEY TO SUSTAINABLE URBAN PLANNING 可持续城市规 的 键 MAREN STRIKER URBAN PLANNER 14 NOVEMBER 2013
- 2. 1953 NORTH SEA FLOOD The Netherlands
- 3. 2005 HURRICANE KATRINA New Orleans, USA
- 5. PRECIPITATION WATER DROUGHT Increasing demand Increasing challenges… GROUNDWATER SEA LEVEL RISE RIVER DISCHARGE
- 6. More than half of the world’s popula2on lives within 60 km of the sea
- 7. Globally, 60 percent of the world’s popula2on lives in Low Eleva2on Coastal Zones (less than 10 meters above sea level)
- 8. Coastal zones are the most urbanized with 80 per cent of coastal popula2ons living in ci2es
- 9. 30 Most Vibrant CiOes – 2025* 2025年最有活力的30个城市 TITLE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 1 -‐ 10 11 -‐ 20 21 -‐ 30 SHANGHAI 上海 WUHAN 武汉 BEIJING 北京 TIANJIN 天津 LOS ANGELES FOSHAN 佛山 SAO PAULO GUANGZHOU 广州 ISTANBUL NANJING 南京 LONDON HOUSTON DALLAS XIAN 西安 SHENZEN 深圳 CHENGDU 成都 NEW YORK CHONGQIING 重庆 HANGZHOU 杭州 DONGGUAN 东莞 MOSCOW TOKYO SINGAPORE SHENYANG 沈阳 FOREIGN AFFAIRS MAGAZINE / MCKINSEY – September 2012* EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE WASHINGTON DC PARIS SUZHOU 苏州 MEXICO CITY RIYADH HONG KONG 香港
- 10. 30 Most Vibrant CiOes – 2025* 2025年最有活力的30个城市 TITLE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 1 -‐ 10 11 -‐ 20 21 -‐ 30 SHANGHAI 上海 WUHAN 武汉 BEIJING 北京 TIANJIN 天津 LOS ANGELES FOSHAN 佛山 SAO PAULO GUANGZHOU 广州 ISTANBUL NANJING 南京 LONDON HOUSTON DALLAS XIAN 西安 SHENZEN 深圳 CHENGDU 成都 NEW YORK CHONGQIING 重庆 HANGZHOU 杭州 DONGGUAN 东莞 MOSCOW TOKYO SINGAPORE SHENYANG 沈阳 FOREIGN AFFAIRS MAGAZINE / MCKINSEY – September 2012* EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE WASHINGTON DC PARIS SUZHOU 苏州 MEXICO CITY RIYADH HONG KONG 香港
- 11. 30 Most Vibrant CiOes – 2025* 2025年最有活力的30个城市 TITLE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 1 -‐ 10 11 -‐ 20 21 -‐ 30 SHANGHAI 上海 WUHAN 武汉 BEIJING 北京 TIANJIN 天津 LOS ANGELES FOSHAN 佛山 SAO PAULO GUANGZHOU 广州 ISTANBUL NANJING 南京 LONDON HOUSTON DALLAS XIAN 西安 SHENZEN 深圳 CHENGDU 成都 NEW YORK CHONGQIING 重庆 HANGZHOU 杭州 DONGGUAN 东莞 MOSCOW TOKYO SINGAPORE SHENYANG 沈阳 FOREIGN AFFAIRS MAGAZINE / MCKINSEY – September 2012* EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE WASHINGTON DC PARIS SUZHOU 苏州 MEXICO CITY RIYADH HONG KONG 香港
- 13. 水量调控 WATER QUANTITY 水量过大 Too much water
- 14. 水量调控 WATER QUANTITY 水量不足 Too liQle water Source: Na+onal Geographic, China’s Ancient Lifeline, May 2013
- 15. 水量调控 WATER QUANTITY 水量不足 Too liQle water Source: China Water Risk
- 16. 水质控制 WATER QUALITY Source of the Yangtze (Qinghai province)
- 17. 水质控制 WATER QUALITY Mouth of the Yangtze (Shanghai) Wuhan Shanghai Chongqing Length: Avg. discharge: Basin area: 6,300 km 31,900 m³/s 1,800,000 km2
- 18. 水质控制 WATER QUALITY 藻类 Algae
- 19. 亲水体验 EXPERIENCE WATER 品质生活 Quality of life
- 20. 为长远计 THINK LONG-‐TERM 造福后代 next generaXon
- 22. “URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT MUST INTEGRATE A LARGER PROPORTION OF SOLUTIONS LIKE RAISING AWARENESS TO REDUCE CONSUMPTION, LAW ENFORCEMENT AND CONTROLS, REUSE AND RECYCLING OF STORM-‐AND WASTEWATER, CORPORATE WATER STEWARDSHIP, ECONOMIC AND FISCAL INCENTIVES AND INSTRUMENTS, COST RECOVERY, INTEGRATED RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT, PAYMENT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION” WWF (2011) Big Ci-es. Big Water. Big Challenges, Water in an Urbanizing World
- 23. 自然水循环 ONE NATURAL WATER CYCLE • Naturally the water system is in balance. Developments can change this balance. • So with every development one should think about the consequences it brings further on in the water cycle and one should try to minimize these effects.
- 24. 治水的哲学 WATER MANAGEMENT PHILOSOPHY • Water is a guiding principle in every plan. You can see it as a guiding layer in the total plan. It is one of the most important layers. • Building with nature, not changing nature. (For example if you narrow a waterway, the chances of flooding increase) • Consider the regional water system (Water comes in and leaves. Up-‐ and downstream developments effect your planning area and your development effects the others)
- 25. 滞水 Detain 蓄水 Retain 排水 Discharge
- 26. EXAMPLES
- 27. 青岛珍珠山 QINGDAO PEARL HILL Thin topsoil on bedrock Hilly terrain Few vegetaGon
- 28. 青岛珍珠山 QINGDAO PEARL HILL Cu[ng up habitats 1. Habitat loss 2. Habitat isolaXon 3. Outline increases
- 29. 青岛珍珠山 QINGDAO PEARL HILL normal rainfall event 50 ha precipitaAon m3 current discharge m3/s future discharge m3/s mm catchment minimal maximal minimal maximal 1 106.8 53400 0.25 0.37 0.31 0.56 2 64.4 32200 0.15 0.22 0.19 0.34 3 178.8 89400 0.41 0.62 0.52 0.93 4 16.9 8450 0.04 0.06 0.05 0.09 5 191.9 95950 0.44 0.67 0.56 1.00 7 203.5 101750 0.47 0.71 0.59 1.06 1 & 5 & 4 315.6 157800 0.73 1.10 0.91 1.64 2 & 3 243.2 121600 0.56 0.84 0.70 1.27 extreme rainfall event ha precipitaAon m3 current discharge m3/s future discharge m3/s 300 mm catchment minimal maximal minimal maximal 1 106.8 320400 1.48 2.23 1.85 3.34 2 64.4 193200 0.89 1.34 1.12 2.01 3 178.8 536400 2.48 3.73 3.10 5.59 4 16.9 50700 0.23 0.35 0.29 0.53 5 191.9 575700 2.67 4.00 3.33 6.00 7 203.5 610500 2.83 4.24 3.53 6.36 1 & 5 & 4 315.6 946800 4.38 6.58 5.48 9.86 2 & 3 243.2 729600 3.38 5.07 4.22 7.60
- 30. 青岛珍珠山 QINGDAO PEARL HILL
- 31. 青岛珍珠山 QINGDAO PEARL HILL
- 32. 青岛珍珠山 QINGDAO PEARL HILL
- 33. 青岛珍珠山 QINGDAO PEARL HILL
- 34. “还地于河”—— 莱茵河荷兰段河道整治战略规 PROGRAM ‘ROOM FOR THE RIVER’
- 35. 奈梅亨河道改造工程 NIJMEGEN RIVER BYPASS 建筑若位于河床区域内可能引起 非常危险的状况。把足 更换堤坝 Dike replacement 的空 间“还地于河”对于保障环境的安 全是很有必要的。这样人们不必 再为河担心，并且可以充分利用 河流所带来的益处。 奈梅亨现状 ExisXng situaXon Nijmegen 夏季河床加深 Summer bed deepening 奈梅亨建议状态 Proposed situaXon Nijmegen 移除河床上的固定物 Remove fixed structures from riverbed Building inside of the riverbed of the river could create very dangerous situaKons. Giving enough ‘room for the river’ is essenKal to create a safe environment where people don’t need to be worried about the river and can make opKmal use of the river. Source: Rijkswaterstaat
- 36. 字 XIAMEN CROSS STRAIT
- 37. ARCADIS SHELTER UN HABITAT ciXes and climate change program Component of social responsibility Pro-‐bono technical experOse Projects in Mongolia, Philippines, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Mozambique, HaiO, Senegal, Sudan, Kenya
- 38. 'How can our ciXes meet our increasing water demands?’ PROTECT LEADERSHIP EDUCATE INNOVATE