Corina Pascu's presentation at the eROSA Workshop “Towards Open Science in Agriculture & Food”, a side event to High Level conference on FOOD 2030, Plovdiv, Bulgaria (13/6/2018)

1. European Open Science Cloud
implementation roadmap:
translating the vision into practice
Towards Open Science in
Agriculture and Food
Plovdiv, 13 June 2018
Corina Pascu
European Commission, Directorate General Research & Innovation (DG RTD)
Unit A2 – Open Data Policy and Science Cloud

2. 2

3. 3
Contents
A.From Vision to Action
B. Current situation: analysis per country and by key discipline
C.Stakeholder consultation
D.EOSC 'federated' model: six lines of action of the implementation
Roadmap
E. Costs and financing of the EOSC: preliminary reflections
3

4. • Vision is now as clear to external
stakeholders as it is internally.
• Single online platform where all
European researchers will be able to:
• Find, access and re-use data
produced by other scientists.
• Deposit, analyse and share data
they have been paid to produce.
• Initially (until 2020), the EOSC will
build on existing investments, no/little
fresh money is needed
• The Commission provides top-up
money to set up and organise the
federation and to start creating
common European resources.
• EOSC will provide 1.7m EU researchers an environment
with free, open services for data storage, management,
analysis and re-use across disciplines.
• EOSC will JOIN existing and emerging horizontal and
thematic data infrastructures, bridging todays
fragmentation and ad-hoc solutions.
• EOSC will add value (scale, data-driven science, inter-
disciplinarity, faster innovation) and leverage past
infrastructure investment (10b per year by MS, two
decades EU investment).
From Vision …. … to Action
A. After the EOSC Vision has been adopted and embraced by
the relevant stakeholders, it is now time for action
Source: RTD
Vision endorsed by the EP, by the
EESC and the CoR, by the G7 and
copied, literally, by a host of
nations globally: Japan, Canada
and China.
4

5. Source: RTD
A. European researchers face data fragmentation and unequal
access to quality information sets
Researcher
CERN, EMBL,
ELIXIR, etc.
Institutional
repository
Member State
Infrastructure
Access to data
and resources
Limited and limiting access for an ordinary European researcher
o Fragmented access
(across scientific domains,
countries and governance models;
varying access policies)
o Limited cross-disciplinary
access to data sets (i.e.
interdisciplinary research)
o Non-interoperable services and
data
o Closed data
5
5

6. Source: RTD
A. The EOSC will allow for universal access to data and a new
level playing field for EU researchers
CERN, EMBL,
ELIXIR, etc.
Institutional
repository
Member State
Infrastructure
New provider/
service
Researcher
o Easy access through a universal
access point for ALL European
researchers
o Cross-disciplinary access to
data unleashes potential of
interdisciplinary research
o Services and data are
interoperable (FAIR data)
o Data funded with public money
is in principle open (as open as
possible, as closed as
necessary)
o EOSC will help increase
recognition of data intensive
research and data science
1.Access to all European research data
2.Access to world-class data services
3.Clear rules of use and service provision
4.FAIR data tools, training and standards
5.Sustainable after the grant
Seamless environment, enabling interdisciplinary research
6

7. 7
Contents
A. From Vision to Action
B.Current situation: analysis per country and by key discipline
C.Stakeholder consultation
D.EOSC 'federated' model: six lines of action of the implementation
Roadmap
E. Costs and financing of the EOSC: preliminary reflections

8. 8
Many RIs and eInfras in the MS are relevant for the EOSC, as
well as national activities and policies for Open Science, and
occasionally dedicated funding
Important eInfras being integrated to form a major part of the
EOSC in WP2017 ('EOSC hub'); new calls for connecting pan-
European thematic RIs and clouds to become part of the EOSC
An overall annual investment of 10 billion euros in the EU (mainly
by MS) on Research Infrastructures and eInfras
Member
States
EU level
Funding
B. Many data infrastructures to federate and varying levels of
activities and infrastructures among Member States
8

9. 0
2
4
6
8
10
12 Tier 1 Tier 2 Tier 3
9
Illustrative
Resources
invested in R&I
The EC should – e.g.
via the H2020 Policy
Support Facility
instruments - support
each MS to self-assess
its starting position
and the implications
for the EOSC
implementation
roadmap.
A
B
Country C
D
Country A
G
H
I
J
Country K
M
N
O
P
Q
R
T
X
EOSC
Readiness
B. Since each MS starting point is different a customized
implementation strategy shall be adopted
9

10. 10
AT
BE
BG HR CY CZ DK
EE FI
FR DE EL
HU IE
IT LV LT
LU MT
NL PL
PT
RO
SK
SI
ES SE
UK NO
CH TR
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Yes, implemented
Yes, adopted
Yes, in discussion
No
Policies or overall strategies to support scientific data infrastructures for dissemination are
defined at the national level?
AT
BE
BG HR
CY
CZ
DK
EE FI FR DE
EL HU IE IT
LV
LT LU MT
NL PL PT RO SK SI ES SE UK NO
CH
TR
0 5 10 15 20 25
Yes
No
Are further measures, projects or other incentives at national level (e.g. national funding) in
place to develop cloud services and ensure interoperability of existing e-infrastructures?
B. Member States are already working on services and policies
to enable OS!
ARCHITECTURE -SLIDE 18 – EOSC FEDERATED MODEL
10

11. Total EU investment in eInfras and other research data infrastructures
amounts to hundreds of million euros.
o The EC has been a main source of funding through FP7 and Horizon
2020.
o Most of the ESFRI landmarks (29) and projects (21) include
substantive and growing support to data stewardship and preservation
– mostly funded by MS (80%).
11
B. Current European support to EOSC
11

12. 12
Contents
A. From Vision to Action
B. Current situation: analysis per country and by key discipline
C.Stakeholder consultation
D.EOSC 'federated' model: six lines of action of the implementation
Roadmap
E. Costs and financing of the EOSC: preliminary reflections
12

13. Not a cloud made in Brussels
13

14. EOSC Summit 2017
o 110 key participants, all scientific fields, 23 countries,
1800 via web-stream
o 5 sessions
o Data culture & data stewardship
o FAIR Data principles
o Research data infrastructures and services
o Funding & governance
o HPC, big data and super connectivity
o 4 Input papers
14

15. EOSC Summit 2018 o ~200 key participants, primarily targeting the members of
the 'coalition of doers' that emerged from EOSC Summit
2017
o 1 plenary session and 2 parallel sessions on Rules of
participation and FAIR Data action plan
o Aims:
o To take stock on progress and achievements towards
the EOSC, a year on since the 2017 Summit
o To reflect on the steps ahead to ensure an effective
implementation of the EOSC
o To prepare for the launch of the EOSC governance
(AT Presidency, November 2018): the launch of a
stakeholder consultation on the draft ‘Rules of
Participation of EOSC' and on the draft 'FAIR Data
Action Plan‘
15

16. 16
Contents
A. From Vision to Action
B. Current situation: analysis per country and by key discipline
C.Stakeholder consultation
D.EOSC 'federated' model: six lines of action of the
implementation Roadmap
E. Costs and financing of the EOSC: preliminary reflections

17. * Implementation Roadmap for the European Open Science Cloud (SWD(2018)83)
Current situation: 6 lines of action of the EOSC model *
FAIR data management and tools. A common data language to ensure data
stewardship across borders/disciplines based on FAIR principles.
b. Data
Rules of participation for different EOSC actors. An opportunity to comply with
existing legal and technical frameworks and increase legal certainty & trust.
e. Rules
Architecture of the federated infrastructures as the solution to the current
fragmentation in research data infrastructures which are insufficiently
interoperable.
a. Architecture
Governance of the EOSC, aiming at ensuring EU leadership in data-driven
science but requiring new governance frameworks.
Mechanisms/interfaces for accessing EOSC. A simple way for dealing with open
data obligations or accessing research data across different disciplines.
d. Access &
Interface
Available services from a user perspective. A rich environment offering a wide
range of services covering the needs of the users.
c. Services
f. Governance
17

18.  A pan-European federation of research/data infrastructures, committed to providing
services as part of the EOSC and by a compliance framework including notably the
Rules of Participation, will provide access to a wide range of publicly funded services
supplied at national, regional and institutional levels, and to complementary commercial
services.
 The process of federation will be implemented:
 Gradually;
 On a voluntary basis;
 According to a well-defined extent of involvement per data infrastructure, in
terms of the data sets and services contributed to the EOSC; data infrastructures
will continue to follow their own rules outside of their specific commitments to the
EOSC;
 Based on simple guidelines consistent with existing good practices.
Architecture
EOSC Federated Model
18

19. Commercial
providers
 Data
 Computing
 Storage
 Applications
 Software
ESFRIs
e-Infrastructures
EIROs
Universities LibrariesPublic
Institutions
Under the current model, fragmentation and uneven access to
information would prevail
Source: RTD
19
19

20. A totally centralized system (e.g. ‘EU Google’) would not be
realistic nor accepted by Member States
Commercial
providers
ESFRIs
Universities LibrariesPublic
Institutions
e-Infrastructures
EIROs
Data
Computing
Storage
Applications
Software
EOSC
PORTAL
Source: RTD
20
20

21. EOSC
PORTAL
ESFRIs
e-Infrastructures
EIROs
SERVICE
CATALOGUE
Applications
Computing
Software
Storage
Data
Under the federated model, access to data would be universal,
building on a strong legacy
Source: RTD
21
21

22. Example – Federation of
thematic clouds
The Food Cloud Food Cloud Demonstrators
 Federation of RIs and scientific clouds
 Services to research communities and
facilitating re-use of data by a wider user
community;
 Involvement of research user
communities
 Building upon on progress of relevant
projects e.g. e-ROSA, EOSCPilot,
ENPADASI, CAPSELLA
 Use of knowledge from Blue Cloud
Demonstrators
Examples of data, services and
infrastructures as ‘nuclei’ of the Food
Thematic Cloud within the EOSC:
Research infrastructures/Scientific clouds
E.g. METROFOOD RI, FACCE JPI, …
Data E.g. agrobiodiversity and sustainable food
systems; food and nutrition; data on diet, physical
activity levels, human body responses in health
and disease (e.g. JPI HDHL ENPADASI); remote
sensing, precision agriculture, greenhouse gas
emissions, air quality, water quality, soil quality,
plants and animal genomics, meta-omics (FACCE);
22
Source: Preliminary mapping of EOSC-related initiatives (RTD)

23. A researcher will find five types of services in the EOSC:
 Identification and authentication;
 A protected & personalised work environment/space (e.g. logbook, settings,
compliance record and pending issues);
 Access to relevant information (e.g. status of EOSC, list of infrastructures,
policy-related information, compliance framework) and specific guidelines (e.g.
how to make data FAIR, certify a repository or service, procure joint services);
 Services to find, access, store, re-use and analyse (e.g. analytics, data
merge/fusion, mining) the data generated by others, catalogued appropriately;
 Services to make their own data FAIR, to store them and ensure long-term
preservation.
Services
EOSC services for European researchers
23

24.  A user should have the choice between different entry points for accessing EOSC
services, for practical reasons and to ensure a smooth transition from legacy systems.
These different entry points to the EOSC should be similar but not equivalent, all
consisting of:
 a web-based user interface / front-end, tailored to the specific needs and
context of particular user communities, including individual data infrastructures.
These entry points would need to comply with a set of minimum requirements.
 a common platform (building on the "EOSC Hub" project and further
developed in the INFRAEOSC-06-2020 call) or back-end, offerings access to
all EOSC shared resources (cf. data pillar) and to the full range of EOSC services
via machine-to-machine interfaces.
 By default, EOSC services should be accessible via the EOSC portal, which should act as a
universal entry point for all potential users via a full-fledged user interface,
irrespective of geographic location or scientific affiliation.
Access &
Interface
EOSC access & interface
24

25.  The rules of participation define the rights, obligations and accountability of the various
EOSC actors (notably data producers, service providers, data/service users).
 There will be room and need for differentiating the rules applicable to different EOSC
actors depending on their maturity and role and taking into consideration:
 The specificities of different scientific disciplines
 The diversity and level of readiness of infrastructures and services at
discipline, MS and EU level (RIs, eInfras) and the differences in their established
rules and processes
 The variety of service providers and users that will be involved in the EOSC
(e.g. public vs private; horizontal vs specialised)
 changing needs and practices regarding the implementation of the rules, in
particular concerning compliance with existing legal frameworks (e.g. GDPR) and
emerging ones (e.g. free flow of data)
Rules
Rules of participation for EOSC actors
25

26.  Functions: Strategy, implementation, monitoring, reporting
 Staged approach in setting governance:
 Phase 1 (<end 2020): steering and overseeing the initial EOSC development,
primarily led by MS and EC, with stakeholders consulted and advising
 Separation between advisory role, decision-making and implementation
 Stakeholders (mainly) advise, propose and implement, while funders (MS/EC) (mainly) set
orientations and endorse proposals,
 Low intervention cost, light mechanisms, high accountability
 Phase 2 (>2020): (following a thorough evaluation) steering and overseeing
initial EOSC operations and further development, largely stakeholder-driven, with
MS/EC keeping a higher-level oversight role
 Any proposal for governance in 2nd phase would be included in Horizon Europe proposal
Governance
EOSC model / Governance: scope & guiding principles
26

27. Governance
27
3-layer structure as per
Horizon 2020 WP 2018-
2020
 EOSC Board of MS/AC
and EC representatives to
ensure effective supervision of
EOSC implementation
 Executive Board of
stakeholder representatives to
help ensure proper EOSC
implementation and
accountability
 Stakeholder Forum to
provide input from a wide
range of actors
Further orientations for the set-up and composition of the Governance framework, to
inform the consultation of MS without prejudging possible future decisions by the Council
and the Commission 27

28. EOSC Resources
Source: EOSC SWD
28

29. 29
Contents
A. From Vision to Action
B. Current situation: analysis per country and by key discipline
C.Stakeholder consultation
D.EOSC 'federated' model: six lines of action of the implementation
Roadmap
E. Costs and financing of the EOSC: preliminary reflections

30.  In Phase 1, until 2020:
 the Commission will invest EUR 300 million to support the core
functions of the EOSC as per milestones
 Member States would flag the national initiatives that they want to
federate into the EOSC (e.g. the work of the Helmholz Data
Alliance); and the resources they are willing to provide in kind;
 Research funders would start making costs eligible for FAIR data
only.
In Phase 2, after 2020, the activities of the EOSC could be financed by a mix
of funding including possibly deposit fees from national funders
The Governance Framework would produce a full cost estimate for the
running of the EOSC in Phase 1; based on this, it will prepare a financial
prospect for Phase 2, addressing scalability and legacy.
Financing of the EOSC: staged approach
29

31. Need for a proper baseline, which is the projection of the costs of the current situation:
 the current running costs of research data infrastructures and data management
across Europe
 costs of aligning, federating and integrating research data infrastructures at a
national level and/or at the level of individual disciplines.
 cost for opening up scientific data i.e. making data FAIR
The real cost of EOSC - of ensuring that these upgrades happen in a coordinated and
consistent way at European level
 Initially a cost (but should be seen as an investment). Costs are expected to vary,
depending on the existing readiness of data infrastructures at various MS.
 Later on – operational cost savings as economies of scale and scope occur.
31
Considerations on costs of the EOSC
30

32. •EOSC Summit
2017 (the “
coalition of the
willing”)
•EOSC Declaration
2017 •EOSC Roadmap
Agreed by MS!
•EOSC Summit
2018 We are
here!
•AT presidency
event -Launch of
the EOSC
Governance,
Rules of
Participation &
FAIR Data action
plan
2018
•EOSC
Implementation
2019
•2nd Phase EOSC
(post -2020)2020
EOSC milestones

33. Thank you for your attention
Website: http://ec.europa.eu/research/openscience/eosc
E-mail: EOSC-RTD@ec.europa.eu & Corina.Pascu@ec.europa.eu