Trends in managing engineering colleges libraries

1. Modernisation of Library Resources:
Emerging trends for Engineering Colleges
Dr. H. Anil Kumar
Librarian, IIM Ahmedabad

2. Outline
• Trends in the Education and its Ecosystem
• Libraries and their relevance today
• Emerging trends in managing libraries
• A case of Vikram Sarabhai Library
• A few useful resources

7. http://onicra.com/intranet/2013/Onicra-Pulse-Jan-2013-Quality-of-Education-In-India-v2.html

8. India Skills Report 2014 by People Strong, Wheebox and CII

12. Government Initiatives in Education
• Improve Access
– More institutions
– Improve infrastructure
– E-learning
– Improve GER
• Improve quality
– Entry - admissions
– Experience
• Design - curriculum
• Delivery – pedagogy
• Choice based credits
• Teacher training
• Learning materials
– Evaluation
• Learning focus
• Application orientation
• Grades vs marks

20. http://www.aicte-india.org/stinstitutes.php

22. http://www.thenational.ae/business/technology/lack-of-demand-and-poor-quality-blamed-for-decline-in-enrolment-in-indias-engineering-colleges

23. Source:
Indiastats database

34. 000

37. India and education
• Education
– Identify what to get educated on
– Identify which institution provides it
– Apply –Exam - Admission – Fees
– Coursework – Exam – Certificate (credible)
• Education today
– Too many applicants and too few seats
– India GER is a little over 19%
– Unemployable – skill deficiency
– Employer is educating!
• Quality of education
– Lack of access to
• Teachers
• Courses
• Information Resources
• Something wrong in pedagogy
– Low reading – Academically adrift
– 5% learning in the classroom

38. “Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one
has learned in school..."- Albert Einstein

40. Resources 20%
Environment 20%
Connectivity 20%
Output 40%

44. Society
Government
Institutions
Scholarship
Publishing
Peer review
Information
Data
Technology
Knowledge
Education
Talent
OPEN ECOSYSTEM

45. topcoder.com

53. okfn.org/opendata/

55. http://index.okfn.org/

61. oaspa.org
scholarlyoa.com

62. http://www.openscholar.org.uk/open-peer-review/

66. http://www.openedition.org/

67. • The proportion of the UK’s total annual research
output that was available through open access in
2012 was about 40%, compared to a worldwide
average of 20%.
• The latest data from the UK Open Access
Implementation Group shows that 35% of the UK’s
total research outputs are freely provided through
Green, through an existing network of more than
200 active institutional and disciplinary repositories

68. Serials expenditures have been rising at approximately
triple the rate of the consumer price index over this time

70. http://www.opendoar.org/

71. https://www.oercommons.org/

72. http://nptel.ac.in/

74. http://ocw.mit.edu/

78. http://www.openuped.eu/

79. https://www.edx.org/

84. https://www.coursera.org/

90. http://epgp.inflibnet.ac.in
http://fossee.in/

93. • Michael Ellsberg
• The author of The Education of
Millionaires: It’s Not What You Think and
It’s Not Too Late.
• He spent two years interviewing the
nation’s most successful people who
didn’t graduate college, and who instead
majored in street smarts
Read more:
http://business.time.com/2012/07/12/t
he-glorious-end-of-higher-educations-
monopoly-on-
credibility/#ixzz2D8AMYSQt

96. http://www.computer.org/portal/web/e-learning/home

98. www.jaaga.in

105. Technology Advantages
• Learn at your own pace and interest
• Supplement learning in the classroom
• Less dependency on formal support
• Explore new ways of learning
• Variety and wide range of topics

106. Learning and education
• Formal methods
– Classroom training
– Laboratory training
– On the job or apprenticeship
• Non-formal methods
– Self-study and Reading
– Watching, seeing and trying
• Sources
– Institutes / schools / industries / employers
– Libraries and laboratories
– Internet

107. Libraries

108. Why go beyond formal methods?
• The 95 Percent Solution: School is not where most Americans learn most
of their science by John H. Falk and Lynn D. Dierking
• Recent findings challenge the longstanding belief that the place for
science knowledge acquisition is the classroom.
• International comparisons of trends in science knowledge over lifetimes
suggests that much if not most science knowledge is acquired outside of
school.
American Scientist: v. 98 (Nov-Dec), 2010

111. • The prison industry needs to plan its future
growth –
how many cells are they going to need?
How many prisoners are there going to be, 15
years from now?
• And they found they could predict it very
easily, using a pretty simple algorithm,
based on asking what percentage of 10 and
11-year-olds couldn't read. And certainly
couldn't read for pleasure.
Indian Express, December 14, 2104

112. • Well-meaning adults can easily destroy a child's love of reading: stop them reading what they
enjoy, or give them worthy-but-dull books that you like, the 21st-century
equivalents of Victorian "improving" literature. You'll wind up with a generation
convinced that reading is uncool and worse, unpleasant.
• China in 2007, at the first party-approved science fiction and fantasy
convention in Chinese history.
• It's simple, he told me. The Chinese were brilliant at making things if other people brought them
the plans. But they did not innovate and they did not
invent. They did not imagine. So they sent a delegation to the US, to
Apple, to Microsoft, to Google, and they asked the people there who were inventing the future
about themselves.
• And they found that all of them had read science
fiction when they were boys or girls.

117. Universities, ours and theirs
Krishna Kumar (in The Hindu, August 9, 2012)
• Recruitment of faculty
• Concept of teaching (periods)
• Concept of knowledge – research
• Library
• The fourth critical difference lies in the library. In the West, even in the
most ordinary universities, the library forms the centre of life, both for
teachers and students. Librarians enjoy a high status as their contribution
to academic life cuts across academic disciplines…..

118. www.libraryasincubatorproject.org

121. • Librarians versus Search Engines
• Discoverability versus Availability
• Access versus Control

127. Indian Express, Aug 24, 2014

128. Libraries
Users
•Students
•Faculty
•Others
Collection
•Physical
•Digital
Staff
•Professional
•Others
Services
•Physical
•Digital
•Collection
•Space
•AccessibilityPhysical
•Content
•Design: User friendly
•Least restrictionsDigital

129. Understanding the trends
USERS
Technology
CollectionStaff

130. Libraries
Internal and External sources
• Student Projects
• Syllabus and course design
• Technical Notes
• Course Materials
• Student made
Tools/Materials
• News Paper Clippings
(Jobs/Courses)
• Question papers
• Commercial
– Books
– Videos / CDs
– Online resources
• Open Access
– Books
– Journals
– Educational Videos
– Educational courseware

131. TechnologiesinLibraries Library Automation
Proprietary to OSS
Storage
Devices to Cloud
Identification
Barcode, Tattle-tape, RFID, Biometric, etc
Information Capture
Key board, Scanner, Digital Cameras, Mobiles
Network
Client-server, P2P, Internet, Cloud
Databases
Books, articles, reports, aggregators, publishers, Irs
Integration and Management
Catalogs, IRs, Multimedia, Datasets, Archives, etc

132. Technologies in Libraries
• User Focus
– need not worry where the information is located
– Anytime-Anywhere, Device independence
– Less human interface (RFID)
– Customised and profile based display, search, update, etc
• Usage statistics – walk-ins, usage, downloads, ROI
• Retrieval Convenience
– Seamless integration of various sources/formats
– Remote login / VPN
– Simple OPAC to Federated searches to Discovery

133. Trends
• Ownership to Access
• Closed to open systems
• Mass to Niche
• Skills to knowledge
• Referral to reference
• Search to Discovery

134. Discovery service
• Single search – interface - Integrated approach
• Central index - Subscribed content - Connectors
• Open Access Resources
• Enhanced refinements like facets, topics,
geographies, formats, etc
• Display of integrated results – relevancy, date, etc
• Fast response time

135. http://www.librarytechnology.org/discovery.pl
• AquaBrowser – Proquest
• Axiell Arena
• Biblio Commons
• Blacklight (OSS)– Columbia, Cornell, etc
• Chamo – VTLS (III)
• Encore – Innovative Interfaces Inc.
• Enterprise – SirsiDynix
• Iguana – Infor
• VUFind (OSS) – Villanova University
• EBSCO’s Discovery Service (EDS)
• Ex Libris Ltd.’s Primo Central Index (PCI)
• Serials Solutions’ Summon (SSS)
• OCLC’s WorldCat Local (WCL)

137. Criteria
• Trial and costs
• Actual discovery - search
• Strength of the Central
Index
• Content connectors
• Content neutrality vs
convenience
• Integration with ILMS,
Union Catalogue, IR, etc
• Search Features and user
customisation
• Advanced search
• Web 2.0
• Subject guides
• Local customisation like
market research reports,
videos, etc
• Branding the library
• Next gen features like Mobile
• Opinion / experience of
fellow professionals
• Of course the support and
delivery!

138. Other Key Issues and opportunities
• Staffing
• Research Assistance, Database
mining, IL, etc
• Resource / product
understanding
• Professional managers
• Information Literacy
• Archiving Institutional Knowledge -
Institutional Repositories
• Lib 2.0; Long Tail
• Open Access; Legal Issues (DMCA,..)
• Space – digital and physical - Reading
Space
• Outsourcing
– IT: ILS, Hardware, Software - SaaS
to PaaS to IaaS
– Manpower
• Routine jobs
• IT staff
• Remote login, Discovery, IR
• News archives
• RFID, etc
• Ebooks – Demo!

139. Libraries
Education is moving from
• Information sharing to learning
• Teacher to learner
Libraries have to move from supporting to
partnering roles and facilitate:
• Reading
• Discussion
• Incubation
• Connecting
Safe, Social and Learning spaces

140. The key is…
• User convenience
– whether it is …
• Book recommendation
• Remote login
• Federated search and discovery
• Access beyond our library - Union catalogue / ILL
• The future is OPEN
– OSS, OLE, extensible catalog, etc

141. Regulatory perspectives

142. AICTE Requirements
• Modern library
• Important part of inspection / verification
• List of books (titles)
• Last three pages of accession register
• Invoices of latest purchases, etc

143. AICTEApprovalProcessHandbook2013-14

147. NAAC Perspective
Criteria University Autonomous
College
Affiliated/
Constituent College
I Curricular Aspects 150
(15)
100
(10)
50
(5)
II Teaching-Learning and Evaluation 250
(25)
350
(35)
450
(45)
III Research, Consultancy and Extension 200
(20)
150
(15)
100
(10)
IV Infrastructure and Learning Resources 100
(10)
100
(10)
100
(10)
V Student Support and Progression 100
(10)
100
(10)
100
(10)
VI Governance and Leadership 150
(15)
150
(15)
150
(15)
VII Innovative practices 50
(5)
50
(5)
50
(5)
Total Score 1000 1000 1000

148. NAAC Perspective

149. • Does the library have an Advisory
Committee? Specify the composition of the
committee.
• What significant initiatives have been taken
by the committee to render the library
student/user friendly?
NAAC Perspective

150. • Total area of the library (in Sq. Mts.)
• Total seating capacity
• Working hours (on working days, on holidays, before examination,
during examination, during vacation)
• Layout of the library (individual reading carrels, lounge area for browsing
and relaxed reading, IT zone for accessing e-resources)
• Clear and prominent display of floor plan; adequate sign boards; fire
alarm; access to differently-abled users and mode of access to collection
NAAC Perspective

151. a) Print (books, back volumes and theses)
b) Average number of books added during the last three years
c) Non Print (Microfiche, AV)
d) Electronic (e-books, e-journals)
e) Special collections (e.g. text books, reference books,
standards, patents)
NAAC Perspective: Collections

152. What tools does the library deploy to provide access
to the collection?
• OPAC, Electronic Resource Management package for e-journals
• Federated searching tools to search articles in multiple databases
• Library Website
• In-house/remote access to e-publications
• Library automation
• Total number of computers for public access
• Total numbers of printers for public access
• Internet band width speed 2mbps / 10 mbps / 1 GB
• Institutional Repository
• Content management system for e-learning
• Participation in resource sharing networks/consortia (like INFLIBNET)

153. Usage
• Average number of walk-ins
• Average number of books issued/returned
• Ratio of library books to students enrolled
• Average number of books added during the last four years
• Average number of login to OPAC
• Average number of login to e-resources
• Average number of e-resources downloaded/printed
• Number of IT (Information Technology) literacy trainings organized

154. Specialized services
• Manuscripts, Reference
• Reprography
• Inter-library Loan Service
• Information Deployment and Notification
• OPACS
• Internet Access
• Downloads
• Printouts
• Reading list/ Bibliography compilation
• In-house/remote access to e-resources
• User Orientation
• Assistance in searching Databases
• INFLIBNET/IUC facilities

155. • Provide details of the annual library budget and the amount spent for
purchasing new books and journals.
• What initiatives has the university taken to make the library a
‘happening place’ on campus?
• What are the strategies used by the library to collect feedback from its
users?
• How is the feedback analysed and used for the improvement of the
library services?
• List the efforts made towards the infrastructural development of the
library in the last four years.
NAAC Perspective

156. An ideal engineering library

157. Recommendations
• The minimum floor space required should be not less than 5,000 sq ft for
a student strength of upto 240. Beyond this the space should
proportionately increase.
• The library should have minimum of one journals database for each
branch
• At least one e-book database
• Open Access resources should be tapped and also create your own
repository (student project reports, etc)
• The library at the start should have at least four qualified (MLISc) staff
at librarian (with around 10 years experience) and assistant librarian
levels. The librarian should be treated equivalent to faculty. They can be
supported by 3 interns and 2 stack assistants.

158. Recommendations
• The library should adopt open source software for its
automation and other services like institutional repository,
etc.
• The usage of library should be documented and monitored.
• A part of the library should allow users to bring their own
materials and use library as a learning, reading and
discussion space. This should be available 24X7.
• Libraries should have membership of important larger
libraries of IITs, IIMs, Societies, INDEST Consortium,
INFLIBNET, etc.

159. Library Budget
60 students 120 students 180 students 240 students 300 students 360 students
Students fee at 50,000 30,00,000 60,00,000 90,00,000 1,20,00,000 1,50,00,000 1,80,00,000
Library Budget
at 4% 1,20,000 2,40,000 3,60,000 4,80,000 6,00,000 7,20,000
at 6.5% 1,95,000 3,90,000 5,85,000 7,80,000 9,75,000 11,70,000
at 10% 3,00,000 6,00,000 9,00,000 12,00,000 15,00,000 18,00,000
240 students 480 students 720 students 960 students 1,200 students 1,440 students
Students fee at 50,000 1,20,00,000 2,40,00,000 3,60,00,000 4,80,00,000 6,00,00,000 7,20,00,000
Library Budget
at 4% 4,80,000 9,60,000 14,40,000 19,20,000 24,00,000 28,80,000
at 6.5% 7,80,000 15,60,000 23,40,000 31,20,000 39,00,000 46,80,000
at 10% 12,00,000 24,00,000 36,00,000 48,00,000 60,00,000 72,00,000

160. E-resource Spending (in Rs.) 18 lakhs
(indicative)
IEEE 6,10,000
ASME Or Springer or Wiley 1,50,000
ASCE or Wiley 1,70,000
McGraw Hill Eng 1,32,000
Elsevier 4,00,000
ASTM Digital Library 75,000
Ebrary 2,50,000

161. IT and related investment
Server 500X2 GB,4GB - Rs. 2.00 L
10 computers - Rs. 4.00 L
Barcode readers - 2- Rs. 0.12 L
Printers 2 - Rs. 0.20 L
Photocopier/ Scanner/ Printer- Rs. 2.20 L
Total (approx) - Rs. 8.5 lakhs
• ILS – Rs 1L
• Remote Rs. 0.50 L
• 15% AMC
• Internet (campus)– Rs. 10 lakhs p.a
• RFID, CCTV etc

162. Relevant Library Networks

163. DELNET
http://delnet.nic.in

165. INDEST
http://paniit.iitd.ac.in/indest/

168. INFLIBNET
www.inflibnet.ac.in

170. CHEERS

172. Focused Services
• Faculty
– Induction
– Individual research based
– Remote login
– Database support
• Student
– Personalised (ex: ABM)
– Clubwise
– Remote login
– Display of books by alumni / faculty
• RA / TA
– Personalised help
– Sessions
• External Researchers
– Library Membership
– NICMAN membership

173. ♦ The library has been automated using Koha
♦ Discovery Search Engine
♦ A – Z Journal Search
♦ Remote login solution
♦ VSL is wi-fi enabled
♦ D-space for IR
♦ Website using – Joomla
♦ Collection is bar-coded
Information Technology Applications @ VSL

179. EBSCO Discovery
Search Service
EBSCO Discovery
Search Service
EBSCO Discovery @ VSL

180. Direct link to New
Arrivals, IR, Online
Resources, etc.
Enhanced Option
for IR
Search only for
reports
EBSCO Discovery - 2014

181. EBSCO Discovery - 2014
Search only for
reports

182. Multimedia Search
Search
Image/Video
Video Collection
Image Collection

183. Multimedia Search Result

184. A- Z Resources Link
A-Z Resources link

185. VS Library A- Z Journals Search Page

186. Login into personalized folder
Creating an
EBSCOhost Account

187. Login into personalized folder
Creating of new
account

188. Managing personalized folder
Can export, save
results
Save items in
folder
Account summary

189. Setting local search preferences
Setting local search
preferences

190. Setting local search preferences

191. Ask a Librarian
Ask a librarian link

192. Ask a Librarian page
User can send direct query to
the librarian

193. Search Options
Major subject
discipline

194. Conti. Search Options
Search modes
Further limit
results

195. Can create/set
up an alert
Creating an Alert
Creating alert for
the term

196. Creating an Alert
RSS feed setting
Setting up an alert
by e-mail
One can set
frequency of an
alert

197. Simple Search
Search History
Simple search

198. Search
History/Alerts
Search History/Alerts

199. Search Help
Quick search help

200. Search Help

201. New Arrivals
New Arrival Icon

202. V S Library New Arrivals

203. Institutional Repository
Institutional
Repository Icon

204. IIMA Institutional Repository

205. Web OPAC Link
Web OPAC Icon

206. Web OPAC Page

207. Online Resources Link
Online Resources
Icon

208. Online Resources Page

209. Library Services Link
Library Services
Icon

210. Library Services Page

211. Library Timings Link
Library Timings

212. Library Timings Page

213. Discovery Mobile site
Mobile Site
iPhone and
Android Apps

214. EBSCO Discovery Mobile Site

215. Discovery iPhone and Android apps download

216. Advanced Search Option
Advanced Search
Option

217. Advanced Search Option
Link to VSL homepage

218. Search Options
Advanced Search Option

219. Integration of IR & catalog,
Search can be Limit to
Library catalog, IR
Facility to limit
Search with other
IIMs catalog
Total results on given query
Filters for search results

220. Filter by relevance

221. Result page options

222. Result Share options

223. Filters for search results
Newswires
Term related news - Newswire
Term related Images

224. Related news articles
Can Listen by
Accent
Full text HTML
Personalized tools
Can translate in
optional
languages

225. Related news articles
Can translate in
optional
languages
Can add in
personalized
folder
Can create not
and save

226. Result from Research starters - Business
Result from
Research
Starters

227. Result from Research starters - Business

228. Searching from Open repository
Open repository
search

229. Open repository searching

230. Searching through further tools
Explore more,
searching TED talk

231. Searching TED

232. Latest Business news from Reuters
Reuters News

233. Latest Business news from Reuters

234. Available in Library collection
Books available
in IIMA library
limit to time between
2001-2010

235. In collection book detail
Holding
information
Full detail of
book with cover
page

236. Documents on
Marketing @ IIMA
Institutional Repository
Searching through IIMA IR
Documents on
Marketing @ IIMA
Institutional Repository

237. Full detail of document
with link of full text
Searching through IIMA IR

238. IIMA Institutional Repository

239. Books available in other IIMs
Book detail
IIM Bangalore
Accessing tem in
IIMB Catalog

240. Can make Inter
Library Loan
Request
Login for IIMs
IIM Bangalore Online catalog

241. Further Filters
Further Filters: Source types,
Subject, Publishers, Publication, etc.

242. Refine your search by
source types
Refine your search by
Subject
Refine your search by
Publisher
Further Filters

243. Further Filters
Refine your search by
Publication
Refine your search by
Geography
Refine your search by
Language

244. Further Filters
More content providers
Refine your search by
Content provider

245. EBSCO Support site, etc.
EBSCO Support site, Privacy Policy,
Terms of use , Copyright, etc..

246. EBSCO Support site
EBSCO Support site FAQs, Training
EBSCO Discovery Tutorials and
Support center's links

249. Year to year usage of EDS and journal downloads
Year Searches
Total Full
Text
PDF Full Text HTML Full Text
Image/V
ideo
Abstract Smart Link To Custom Link
2014 87,24,501 51,672 45,508 6,080 4 48,084 4,299 12,566
2013 60,90,507 42,173 37,829 3,831 5 45,901 2,941 11,002
2012 20,49,743 22,885 20,804 1,443 7 23,050 1,280 5,119
Total 1,68,64,751 116,730 104,141 11,354 16 117,035 8,520 28,687
0
200
400
600
800
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
(Up to
Oct 14)
Per day Usage
Per day Usage
Year Per day Usage
2008 354
2009 471
2010 368
2011 468
2012 580
2013 608
2014 581

250. Library transactions (2008 through 2014)
Particulars 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Daily Walk In (Average per
day)
167 171 205 204 259 355 387
Circulations (Average per
day)
80 84 80 77 82 90 100
Inter Library Loan and
Reference (Average per
month)
83 76 83 93 82 117 177
Books Added (Average per
month)
231 175 231 273 263 242 659
Data Validation (Average per
day)
135 135 135 135 135
Database searches Average
per day
972 12,632 8,592 8,021 8,457 22,490 30,362*
Journals downloads Average
per day
354 471 368 468 580 608 581*
Library OPAC
page views / per day
642**
Library Website
page views / per day
445**
Institutional Repository
page views / per day
384**
* Jan to Oct
** Mar to Nov

251. Users @ VSL

252. User @ VSL

253. Users @ VSL

254. OPEN ACCESS RESOURCES

256. http://teachingexcellence.mit.edu/

257. http://ocw.mit.edu/resources/

259. http://stvp.stanford.edu/

260. blossoms.mit.edu

262. teachengineering.org

263. http://www.realworldengineering.org/

265. tryengineering.org

270. physicscentral.com

274. http://www.raeng.org.uk

277. http://www.learnerstv.com

283. www.nasa.gov

284. oercommons.org

285. phet.colorado.edu

286. nroc.math.org

289. www.free vidoelectures.com

291. http://www.collegeopentextbooks.org/

292. http://openstaxcollege.org

293. dsc.discovery.com

294. discoveryeducation.com

295. www.sciencechannel.com

297. www.techpedia.in

300. koha-communiy.org

301. http://www.dspace.org/

302. www.opencast.org/matterhorn/

303. http://www.avalonmediasystem.org/

304. http://projecthydra.org/

366. http://www.fodors.com/news/photos/worlds-20-most-stunning-libraries

370. http://www.buzzfeed.com/harpercollins/16-bookstores-you-have-to-see-before-you-die-9npd

373. THANKS
anilkumar@iimahd.ernet.in