Happy or Silent Hypoxia- Definition, Diagnosis, Clinical Presentation, Causes I Hypoxia in COVID-19 The slides will be about the following: 1. Definition 2. Diagnosis 3. Clinical Presentation 4. Causes You can also watch the same topic on HM Learnings Youtube channel. You can also follow HM Learnings on facebook, instagram and twitter for daily updates

2. Definition
• Happy hypoxia is characterized by low oxygen saturation as measured
by pulse oximetry without any significant respiratory discomfort or
dyspnea.
• Also known as silent hypoxia.

3. Diagnosis- Pulse oximetry- SpO2 (Peripheral
oxygen saturation)
• Amount of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen in arterial blood relative
to the total hemoglobin.
• SpO2= Oxyhaemoglobin (HbO2)
Total hemoglobin
• Normal arterial blood oxygen saturation levels is 95-100%.
• SpO2 less than 94% is considered low.

4. Clinical Presentation
• Low SpO2 level
• Tachycardia with tachypnea and respiratory alkalosis
• These signs suggest that some sensory information is reaching the
brainstem to cause a partial compensatory reflex respiratory response
enough to decrease the CO2 level, without any conscious awareness of
hypoxia.

5. Causes of happy hypoxia
• COVID-19
• Atelectasis
• Intrapulmonary shunt (AV malformation) or right to left intracardiac
shunt.

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