This document discusses bioremediation and biodegradation strategies for cleaning the environment. It defines bioremediation as using microorganisms like Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium, and Azotobacter to remove toxic pollutants. Biodegradation is the breakdown of substances by microbes through biochemical reactions. Examples of microbes that aid biodegradation in different environments are provided. Recent approaches discussed include using earthworms, deep sea bacteria, and genetically modified organisms to remediate contamination.

1. BIOTECHNOLOGY BIOREMEDIATIONANDBIODEGRADATION By, R.HARISH KUMAR JAYA COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCE THIRUNINRAVUR.

2. Strategies for clean environment bioremediation biodegradation

5. Examples : Psychrophiles----- Arthrobactersp., Psychrobacter sp., Pseudomonas Mesophiles--------E-coli bacteria, Staphyloccusaureus,Proteusvulgaris Thermophiles-----Thermusaquaticus ,Thermococcuslitoralis.

6. BIOREACTOR COMPOSTING iNTRINSIC engineered LANDFaRMING BIOREMEDIATION In-situ Ex-situ

9. GMOs Genetically modified organism

10. GMOs Genetically modified organism The genetically engineered micro organism (GEMs)enhance the ability of degrading the contaminants. It is also said to be as a “bioaugmentation”

11. Construction of superbug

12. The bacterium Deinococcusradiodurans(the most radioresistant organism known) has been modified to consume and digest toluene and ionic mercury from highly radioactive nuclear waste. Strains of Deinococcusradiodurans