this is sigmund freuds famous theory and the concepts of defense mechanism.the psychoanalytical theory is the personality theory ,which is based on the notions that an individual is motivated by the unseen forces that are controlled by the conscious and the rational thought
Behaviors that people use to separate themselves from unpleasant events,actions,or thoughts.Born 1865 in Freiberg, Moravia to Jacob, his wool-merchant father. Mother was Jacob’s third wife.
Moved to Vienna in 1860 until 1938.
Vienna exciting place of opportunity and optimism. In 1867, Jews granted political rights and accepted into society.
Freud assimilated, identifying as a German.
About the time he was 15, liberal political atmosphere evaporated and anti-Semitism became virulent, shattering assimilation
Graduated from University of Vienna medical school with strong interest in research but quickly married and realized only private practice would provide needed financial support.
Published well received scholarly papers on neurological disorders.
Outbreak of WW II forced him to flee to London, where he died a year later
2. Sigmund Freud
Born 1865 in Freiberg, Moravia to Jacob, his wool-
merchant father. Mother was Jacob’s third wife.
Moved to Vienna in 1860 until 1938.
Vienna exciting place of opportunity and optimism. In
1867, Jews granted political rights and accepted into
society.
Freud assimilated, identifying as a German.
About the time he was 15, liberal political atmosphere
evaporated and anti-Semitism became virulent,
shattering assimilation
Graduated from University of Vienna medical school
with strong interest in research but quickly married and
realized only private practice would provide needed
financial support.
Published well received scholarly papers on
neurological disorders.
Outbreak of WW II forced him to flee to London,
where he died a year later in 1939.
2
3. Personality Theory According
to Freud
Definition-
the psychoanalytical theory is
the personality theory ,which is
based on the notions that an
individual is motivated by the
unseen forces that are controlled
by the conscious and the rational
thought
4. Personality Structure according to Freud
ID-the primitive idea that all of your needs
should be met immediately
The id operates on the pleasure principle: If not
constrained but reality, it seeks immediate gratification.
Ego-the largely conscious, “executive” part
of personality that, according to Freud,
mediates the demands of the id, superego,
and reality.
The ego operates on the reality principle,
satisfying the id’s desires in ways that will
realistically bring pleasure rather than pain.
Superego-it is related to social and moral values that
an individual inculcates as he matures.it acts as an
ethical constraint on human behaviour
8. 8
Repression
A defense mechanism in which
unpleasant experiences are
stored deep in subconscious
mind
Real life example- child who faced
abuse by a parent, later has no
memory of the events but has trouble
forming relationships
9. Reaction formation
A defense
mechanism that
pushes away
threatening impulses
by overemphasizing
the opposite in one’s
thoughts and words
9
True feelings- Rahul has crush on dhinchak pooja
Need to avoid- anxiety for the possibility of being
rejected
Result-”dhinchak pooja is disgusting”
10. Denial
A defense
mechanism in
which one refuses
to acknowledge
anxiety provoking
stimuli
10
True feelings- Rahul has crush on dhinchak
pooja
Need to avoid- anxiety for the possibility of
being rejected
Result-”I don’t have crush on dhinchak pooja”
11. Projection
Defense mechanism
in which anxiety
arousing impulse are
externalized by
placing onto others
11
True feelings- Rahul has crush on dhinchak
pooja
Need to avoid- anxiety for the possibility of
being rejected
Result- “my friend is having crush on dhinchak
pooja”
12. Displacement
Defense mechanism in
which redirecting of
thoughts,feelings and
impulses from one
person to another who
poses less threat
12
Real life example- a person unable to
express his anger to boss for fear of
being fired redirects his anger onto
others (spouse childs pets)
14. Regression
Defense
mechanism where
one returns to a
earlier, safer stage
of one’s life to
escape present
threats
14
Real life example-
Someone may bring a teddy bear with
them to college, even though they
haven’t used that bear for years. This
is because it reminds them of home.
15. Rationalization
15
Real life example-
Rahul blames a poor exam score on the
instructor rather than their own lack of
preparation.
A cognitive distortion of
the “facts” to make an
event less threatening .We
do it often enough on a
fairly conscious level
when we provide
ourselves with excuses.
