This document summarizes key aspects of memory from physiological, psychological, and improvement perspectives. It discusses the parts of the brain involved in memory formation and storage. It also outlines the stages of memory from encoding to retrieval and storage in sensory, short-term, and long-term memory. Factors that can impact memory such as aging, disease, and trauma are described. Finally, techniques for improving memory like focus, repetition, mnemonics, diet, exercise, sleep, and avoiding depression are provided.

1. Memory is a gift from Allah
by:
ERISSA BINTI ROMMEL 1110122
WAN MUHAMMAD HAZMIE BIN WAN HUSSIN 1114899
SYAUQAT ATHIR BIN MOHD PUAT 1013193
MUHAMMAD FIRDAUS BIN MOHD RASIDI 1110067
NORHASNIDA BT ZAINUDIN 1119470

2. Introduction of Memory
by ERISSA BINTI ROMMEL
O Definition: the process of encoding, storage and
retrieving
O Importance: as a part of identity
O When memory start?: around 3 years old
O Interesting phenomenon:
False memory, Doorway memory, Men’s memory
with date, Déjà vu, ‘If I don’t remember, it didn’t
happen’
O Animal’s memory: episodic-like
O Quote by J.M. Barrie: God gave us memory so
that we may have roses in December

3. Physiological aspect of
memory
by WAN MUHAMMAD HAZMIE BIN WAN HUSSIN
3 parts of the brain that involved in the
development of memory :
 Hippocampus
♦ Function :
consolidate information from
short-term memory to long-term memory
♦ Long-term potentiation mechanism
occur here
♦ Npas4 is the master gene that control
the memory

4.  Amygdala
*consists of basolateral nucleus, cortical
nucleus, medial nucleus & central nucleus.
*emotional learning involved here.
 Mammillary bodies
*consist of medial mammillary nucleus &
lateral mammillary nucleus.
*2 processes occur here : recollection
(remembering) & familiarity (remembering)

5. Psychological aspect on
memory
by Syauqat Athir Bin Mohd Puat
Stages of memory
Encoding  Storage  Retrieval
Flow of memory
Sensory memory  short term memory 
long term memory

6. O Sensory memory
- First place where that stored information
from the environment
O Short term memory
- Working memory
- Has limited capacity ( 7 ± 2 chunks)
O Long term memory
- unlimited capacity
- involve declarative & procedural memory

7. Memory Loss
by Muhammad Firdaus bin Mohd Rasidi
Memory problems :
 Daily problems
- cannot recall when in rushing
 Amnesia young age
- can be caused by brain infection, head
trauma, stress & mental activities

8.  Aging / trauma / disease
-aging  normal forgetfulness vs dementia
-disease  Alzheimer’s Disease, Huntington's
Disease, Parkinson’s Disease & Brain Tumor
-trauma  Temporary Amnesia, Retrograde
Amnesia & Anterograde Amnesia

9. Improving memory
by Norhasnida bt Zainudin
O Focus your attention
O Repetition
O Mnemonics – visual
image, acrostic, acronym,
rhymes and alliteration,
chunking & method of loci.
O Food – Raisin, fish & honey
O Exercise
O Avoid depression
O Adequate sleep

10. Great scholars long time ago..
Examples : Imam Bukhari, Imam
Shafi’ee, Imam Ahmad
Secondary factors which help them to
have great memory :
Respect the knowledge
Avoid from doing sins
Khushu’ in prayer