1. 1
JENIS KOLAGENJENIS KOLAGEN TEMPATTEMPAT SEL-SEL YANGSEL-SEL YANG
DIHASILKANDIHASILKAN
CIRI-CIRICIRI-CIRI
TIPE I (TIPE I (~ 90%)~ 90%)
(tersusun atas(tersusun atas
dua jenis rantai-dua jenis rantai-αα))
Lapisan kulit, tendonLapisan kulit, tendon FibroblasFibroblas Hidroksilisin rendah,Hidroksilisin rendah,
karbohidrat rendahkarbohidrat rendah
Tersebar (areolar),Tersebar (areolar),
memadati jaringanmemadati jaringan
penyambung, serat-penyambung, serat-
serat kolagenserat kolagen
Sel retikular dan ototSel retikular dan otot
halushalus
Hampir kebanyakanHampir kebanyakan
tersebar di organtersebar di organ
internainterna
TulangTulang OsteoblasOsteoblas
Dentin (Gigi)Dentin (Gigi) OdontoblasOdontoblas
TIPE II (tersusunTIPE II (tersusun
hanya satu jenishanya satu jenis
rantai-rantai-αα))
Tulang rawan hialinTulang rawan hialin
dan elastindan elastin
Lensa mata, jaringanLensa mata, jaringan
invertebralinvertebral
KondrositKondrosit
Sel-sel retinaSel-sel retina
KondrositKondrosit
Hidroksilisin tinggi,Hidroksilisin tinggi,
karbohidrat tinggikarbohidrat tinggi
(Fibril lebih tipis dari(Fibril lebih tipis dari
tipe I)tipe I)
JENIS-JENIS SERAT KOLAGEN

2. 2
JENIS KOLAGENJENIS KOLAGEN TEMPATTEMPAT SEL-SEL YANGSEL-SEL YANG
DIHASILKANDIHASILKAN
CIRI-CIRICIRI-CIRI
TIPE III (tersusunTIPE III (tersusun
hanya atas satuhanya atas satu
jenis rantai-jenis rantai-αα))
Menyebar di jaringanMenyebar di jaringan
penyambung; serabutpenyambung; serabut
retikuler, lapisan kulitretikuler, lapisan kulit
papiler (pada fasepapiler (pada fase
perkembangan)perkembangan)
Fibroblas dan sel-selFibroblas dan sel-sel
retikularretikular
Hidroksiprolin tinggi,Hidroksiprolin tinggi,
hidroksilisin rendah,hidroksilisin rendah,
karbohidrat rendahkarbohidrat rendah
Pembuluh darahPembuluh darah Sel otot halus, selSel otot halus, sel
endotelialendotelial
TIPE IV (tersusunTIPE IV (tersusun
atas dua jenisatas dua jenis
rantai-rantai-αα))
Lamina basalLamina basal
Kapsul lensa mataKapsul lensa mata
Sel epitelial dan selSel epitelial dan sel
endotelialendotelial
Epitel lensaEpitel lensa
Hidroksilisin sangatHidroksilisin sangat
tinggi, karbohidrattinggi, karbohidrat
tinggi, (menahantinggi, (menahan
prokolagen menjadiprokolagen menjadi
peptida)peptida)
TIPE VTIPE V Membran fetalMembran fetal
(plasenta)(plasenta)
Membran lapisanMembran lapisan
dasardasar
TulangTulang
Otot halusOtot halus
FibroblasFibroblas
Sel-sel epitelialSel-sel epitelial
OsteoblasOsteoblas
Sel-sel otot halusSel-sel otot halus
JENIS-JENIS SERAT KOLAGEN

3. 3
In addition, a number of other collagens have been recently identified in the followingIn addition, a number of other collagens have been recently identified in the following
location:location:
TIPE VITIPE VI Short triple helical segment about 100 nm long; occur in small amounts inShort triple helical segment about 100 nm long; occur in small amounts in
kidney, liver, and uterus, where type I and III collagens are foundkidney, liver, and uterus, where type I and III collagens are found
TIPE VIITIPE VII Basal laminae of many ephiteliaBasal laminae of many ephitelia
TIPE VIIITIPE VIII Secretory product of endothelial cells; major component of Decemet’sSecretory product of endothelial cells; major component of Decemet’s
membrane in the corneamembrane in the cornea
TIPE IXTIPE IX Mainly in cartilage; found with type II collagenMainly in cartilage; found with type II collagen
TIPE XTIPE X Confined to cartilage; in matrix surrounding hypertrophic chondrocytesConfined to cartilage; in matrix surrounding hypertrophic chondrocytes
TIPE XITIPE XI Associated with type OO collagen in cartilage; function unknownAssociated with type OO collagen in cartilage; function unknown
TIPE XIITIPE XII Tendon; properties in common with type IX collagenTendon; properties in common with type IX collagen
TIPE XIIITIPE XIII EndotheliumEndothelium
TIPE XIVTIPE XIV Fetal skin and tendonFetal skin and tendon
Thus far, some 25 distinct collagenThus far, some 25 distinct collagen αα-chains, each encoded by a separate gene, have-chains, each encoded by a separate gene, have
been identified.been identified.

4. 4
GAMBARANGAMBARAN KOLAGENKOLAGEN RETIKULERRETIKULER ELASTISELASTIS
JaringanJaringan
molekulermolekuler
Triple-stranded helix;Triple-stranded helix;
Tiap helaiTiap helai ~ 1000 AA;~ 1000 AA;
Molekul ~ panjang 300Molekul ~ panjang 300
nm, diameter 1,5 nmnm, diameter 1,5 nm
(glisin, hidroksiprolin,(glisin, hidroksiprolin,
hidroksilisin)hidroksilisin)
Kolagen tipe IIIKolagen tipe III Elastin 830 aminoElastin 830 amino
acid residues long;acid residues long;
contains desmocine,contains desmocine,
isodesmocineisodesmocine
(dibentuk dari empat(dibentuk dari empat
molekul lisin)molekul lisin)
Jaringan FibrilarJaringan Fibrilar Diameter fiber 2-10Diameter fiber 2-10 μμmm
(tidak bercabang);(tidak bercabang);
diameter fibril ~ 50nm;diameter fibril ~ 50nm;
mikrofibril yang lebih kecilmikrofibril yang lebih kecil
Diameter fiberDiameter fiber
0,2-20,2-2 μμm, fibril 25-m, fibril 25-
45 nm45 nm
Diameter fiber 1-4Diameter fiber 1-4
μμm; cabang fiberm; cabang fiber
Tidak ada fibrilTidak ada fibril
Diameter mikrofibrilDiameter mikrofibril
~ 12 nm~ 12 nm
Axial periodicityAxial periodicity Fibrils 670 A; axialFibrils 670 A; axial
periodicityperiodicity
670 A670 A Tidak adaTidak ada
Air mendidihAir mendidih Merubah kolagen menjadiMerubah kolagen menjadi
gelatingelatin
ResistenResisten
Asam dan basaAsam dan basa
lemahlemah
MembengkakMembengkak Sama denganSama dengan
kolagenkolagen
Resisten terhadapResisten terhadap
asam dan basaasam dan basa
lemahlemah
PERBANDINGAN CIRI-CIRI SERAT JARINGAN PENYAMBUNG

5. 5
GAMBARANGAMBARAN KOLAGENKOLAGEN RETIKULERRETIKULER ELASTISELASTIS
Asam dan basaAsam dan basa
kuatkuat
LarutLarut
PewarnaanPewarnaan Dengan pewarnaanDengan pewarnaan
asidofilikasidofilik
Silver (argirofilik)Silver (argirofilik)
PAS+PAS+
Resorsin fuchsin,Resorsin fuchsin,
resorsin orseinresorsin orsein
Efek enzimEfek enzim Larut dalam pepsin danLarut dalam pepsin dan
kolagenasekolagenase
Sensitif terhadapSensitif terhadap
elastaseelastase
Sel penghasil seratSel penghasil serat FibroblasFibroblas
Sel otot halus di pembuluhSel otot halus di pembuluh
darahdarah
OsteoblasOsteoblas
KondroblasKondroblas
OdontoblasOdontoblas
Kolagen tipe IVKolagen tipe IV
Diproduksi oleh selDiproduksi oleh sel
epitel dan sel endotelialepitel dan sel endotelial
Sel retikulerSel retikuler
FibroblasFibroblas
Sel Schwan (untukSel Schwan (untuk
endoneurium)endoneurium)
FibroblasFibroblas
Sel otot halus diSel otot halus di
pembuluh darahpembuluh darah
PERBANDINGAN CIRI-CIRI SERAT JARINGAN PENYAMBUNG

6. 6
JENIS SELJENIS SEL FUNGSI UMUMFUNGSI UMUM
FibroblasFibroblas Menghasilkan serat-serat (kolagen, retikuler, elastin) danMenghasilkan serat-serat (kolagen, retikuler, elastin) dan
selaput tak beraturan (glikosaminoglikans, proteglikans)selaput tak beraturan (glikosaminoglikans, proteglikans)
MakrofagMakrofag Fagosit (mis: bakteri)Fagosit (mis: bakteri)
Pemaparan antigenPemaparan antigen
PerisitPerisit Membedakan antara fibroblas, sel retikuler, makrofag, ototMembedakan antara fibroblas, sel retikuler, makrofag, otot
halus dalam pembuluh darah, adiposithalus dalam pembuluh darah, adiposit
Sel MastSel Mast Secrete heparin, histamine, slow-reacting substanse ofSecrete heparin, histamine, slow-reacting substanse of
anaphylaxis, eosinophilic chemotactic factor anaphylaxisanaphylaxis, eosinophilic chemotactic factor anaphylaxis
Foreign body giant cellForeign body giant cell Phagocytic (larger particulate material)Phagocytic (larger particulate material)
Sel retikulerSel retikuler Memproduksi serat retikuler (kolagen tipe ke-3) untukMemproduksi serat retikuler (kolagen tipe ke-3) untuk
pembuluh limf, limpa, sum-sum tulang, dllpembuluh limf, limpa, sum-sum tulang, dll
AdipositAdiposit Penimbunan lemak, mobilitasPenimbunan lemak, mobilitas
Kondroblas (kondrosit)Kondroblas (kondrosit) Mengeluarkan kolagen atau serat elastis seperti halnyaMengeluarkan kolagen atau serat elastis seperti halnya
substansi intersel amorf (glikosaminoglikans, proteoglikans),substansi intersel amorf (glikosaminoglikans, proteoglikans),
dan protein lainnyadan protein lainnya
OsteoblasOsteoblas Mengeluarkan kolagen, susunan tulang (proteoglikans)Mengeluarkan kolagen, susunan tulang (proteoglikans)
JENIS SEL DI JARINGAN PENYAMBUNG

7. 7
Reseptor permukaanReseptor permukaan
bagi:bagi:
Receptors that bind C3b component of complementReceptors that bind C3b component of complement
Fc receptors, IgGFc receptors, IgG
IL-2, IL-1, IL-6IL-2, IL-1, IL-6
Tumor necrosis factor (TFN)Tumor necrosis factor (TFN)
(interferon)(interferon)
ATPaseATPase
5’-Nucleotidase5’-Nucleotidase
Muatan LisosomMuatan Lisosom Hidrolase asamHidrolase asam
LisozimLisozim
MieloperoksidaseMieloperoksidase
Makrofag aktifatorMakrofag aktifator LipopolisakaridaLipopolisakarida
Interferon-Interferon-γγ
Efek Interleukin yangEfek Interleukin yang
dihasilkan olehdihasilkan oleh
makrofagmakrofag
Mengaktifkan B limfositMengaktifkan B limfosit
Faktor kemotaktis untuk neutrofilFaktor kemotaktis untuk neutrofil
Meningkatkan sirkulasi neutrofilMeningkatkan sirkulasi neutrofil
Bagian dari fibroblasBagian dari fibroblas
FUNGSI MAKROFAG

8. 8
Menghasilkan FagositMenghasilkan Fagosit Sel matiSel mati
Seluler debrisSeluler debris
BakteriBakteri
Pemaparan AntigenPemaparan Antigen Present antigen with MHC II molecules to helper T lymphocytesPresent antigen with MHC II molecules to helper T lymphocytes
(T(THH cells)cells)
IL-1 (a mitogenic protein for T lymohocytes)IL-1 (a mitogenic protein for T lymohocytes)
IL-6, Il-8IL-6, Il-8
TNF-TNF- αα
Interferon-Interferon- αα, -, -ββ; involved in fighting virus; involved in fighting virus
Colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)Colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)
Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)
ErythropoietinErythropoietin
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)
FUNGSI MAKROFAG

9. 9
Menghasilkan sekretMenghasilkan sekret
khususkhusus
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)
Transforming growth factor-Transforming growth factor-ββ (TGF-(TGF- ββ))
Protease inhibitorsProtease inhibitors
Elastase, collagenaseElastase, collagenase
ProstaglandinsProstaglandins
LeukotrienesLeukotrienes
Neutral proteasesNeutral proteases
Coagulation factors (II, VII, IX, X, XII)Coagulation factors (II, VII, IX, X, XII)
ThrombospondinThrombospondin
Plasminogen activatorPlasminogen activator
Factor inducing monocytopoiesisFactor inducing monocytopoiesis
Complement componenetsComplement componenets
Pyrogens (mediate fever)Pyrogens (mediate fever)
Proteoglycan-degrading enzymesProteoglycan-degrading enzymes
Hydrogen peroxideHydrogen peroxide
LipasesLipases
SuperoxideSuperoxide
FUNGSI MAKROFAG

10. 10
NAMA SELNAMA SEL FUNGSIFUNGSI TEMPATTEMPAT
MacrophageMacrophage Fagositosis, antigenFagositosis, antigen
presentationpresentation
Loose (areolar) connectiveLoose (areolar) connective
tissuetissue
Peritoneal or pleuralPeritoneal or pleural
macrophagesmacrophages
FagositosisFagositosis Serous cavitiesSerous cavities
MacrophageMacrophage Blood cell destruction,Blood cell destruction,
antigen presentationantigen presentation
Bone marrow, spleen,Bone marrow, spleen,
thymus, lymph nodethymus, lymph node
Alveolar macrophage (or dustAlveolar macrophage (or dust
cell)cell)
FagositosisFagositosis Alveoli of lungAlveoli of lung
Sel LangerhansSel Langerhans Antigen presentationAntigen presentation EpidermisEpidermis
Sel KuppferSel Kuppfer FagositosisFagositosis Liver (perinsinusoidalLiver (perinsinusoidal
makrofag)makrofag)
SISTEM MACROPHAGE

11. 11
NAMA SELNAMA SEL FUNGSIFUNGSI TEMPATTEMPAT
MicrogliaMicroglia Fagositosis, antigenFagositosis, antigen
presentationpresentation
Sistem saraf pusatSistem saraf pusat
Osteoklas (multinukleat)Osteoklas (multinukleat) Penyerapan tulangPenyerapan tulang Permukaan tulang (formPermukaan tulang (form
from fusion of monocyte-from fusion of monocyte-
derived macrophages)derived macrophages)
Fibroblast –derivedFibroblast –derived
macrophagemacrophage
FagositosisFagositosis Lamina propria usus halusLamina propria usus halus
Uterus-endometriumUterus-endometrium
Foreign body giant cellForeign body giant cell
(multinucleate)(multinucleate)
FagositosisFagositosis Induced in areas of largeInduced in areas of large
particulate material (e.g.,particulate material (e.g.,
talc on mesentery) (fusion oftalc on mesentery) (fusion of
monocytes, macrophages)monocytes, macrophages)
SISTEM MACROPHAGE

12. 12
HeparinHeparin (acidic GAG)(acidic GAG) Anticoagulant: binds to fibronectin, growthAnticoagulant: binds to fibronectin, growth
factors, coagulation proteins, complementfactors, coagulation proteins, complement
compounds; has anticancer activity, causescompounds; has anticancer activity, causes
tumor regression, inhibits tumor metastasistumor regression, inhibits tumor metastasis
Chondroitin sulfateChondroitin sulfate Sometimes present in mast cell granulesSometimes present in mast cell granules
rather than heparin: thus, different types ofrather than heparin: thus, different types of
mast cells existmast cells exist
HistamineHistamine Causes contraction of smooth muscle ofCauses contraction of smooth muscle of
bronchioles: causes increased capillarybronchioles: causes increased capillary
permeability (leakiness)permeability (leakiness)
LeukotrienesLeukotrienes (slow-reacting substance of(slow-reacting substance of
anaphylaxis (SRS-A)anaphylaxis (SRS-A)
Causes contraction of smooth muscle (notCauses contraction of smooth muscle (not
stored in cell-synthesized from membranestored in cell-synthesized from membrane
phospholipids)phospholipids)
SUBSTANSI YANG DIHASILKAN OLEH SEL MAST

13. 13
Eosinophil chemotactic factor ofEosinophil chemotactic factor of
anaphilaxis (ECF-A)anaphilaxis (ECF-A)
Attracts eosinophils to regions of antigen-Attracts eosinophils to regions of antigen-
antibody interaction; eosinophilsantibody interaction; eosinophils
phagocytize antigen-antibody complexes:phagocytize antigen-antibody complexes:
eosinophils produce histaminase, whicheosinophils produce histaminase, which
depresses histamine effects, and aryldepresses histamine effects, and aryl
sulfatase, which counteracts leukotrienessulfatase, which counteracts leukotrienes
Lysosomal enzymesLysosomal enzymes
IncludingIncluding ββ-glucuronidse, hexosaminidase,-glucuronidse, hexosaminidase,
aryl sulfatasearyl sulfatase
Functional role unclear: may degradeFunctional role unclear: may degrade
GAGs in extracellular matrixGAGs in extracellular matrix
Neutrophil chemotactic factor (NCF)Neutrophil chemotactic factor (NCF) Chemoattractant for neutrophilsChemoattractant for neutrophils
Other subtancesOther subtances includeinclude platelet-activating factor, prostoglandinsplatelet-activating factor, prostoglandins (several), and(several), and neutralneutral
proteasesproteases (tryptase, chymase) (most of the IgE molecules in the body are fixed on the(tryptase, chymase) (most of the IgE molecules in the body are fixed on the
surface of mast cells rather than in the plasma)surface of mast cells rather than in the plasma)
SUBSTANSI YANG DIHASILKAN OLEH SEL MAST