Synergy of Plug-In Vehicles in Microgrids
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Plug-in vehicles can be a means to increase the amount of renewable energy within a microgrid. Properly designed pluggable hybrid vehicles will improve grid reliability and stability. This presentation was a plenary address at the Automotive Research Center annual meeting, and it addresses some of the design components needed to make vehicles and microgrids work together well.
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Synergy of Plug-In Vehicles in Microgrids
- 1. The Synergy of Plug-in Vehicles in Micro-grids Peter Lilienthal, Ph.D. CEO, HOMER Energy peter@homerenergy.com Automotive Research Center Conference May 24th, 2011 2334 Broadway, #B, Boulder, Co. 80304 www.homerenergy.com
- 2. What is a Microgrid? Set of loads and generation sources capable of autonomous “islanded” operation Microgrids make EVs more valuable And vice versa Reliability Renewables Smart grid 2334 Broadway, #B, Boulder, Co. 80304 www.homerenergy.com
- 3. Background and History Remote and island grids are not new Grid-connected microgrids are coming Dependent on liquid fuels from petroleum 2334 Broadway, #B, Boulder, Co. 80304 www.homerenergy.com
- 4. 3 Disruptive Innovations Electric vehicles Distributed controls Low cost PV Grid Parity 2334 Broadway, #B, Boulder, Co. 80304 www.homerenergy.com
- 5. PV Price Trend http://srren.ipcc-wg3.de/ipcc-srren-generic-presentation-1 2334 Broadway, #B, Boulder, Co. 80304 www.homerenergy.com
- 6. Clean Power Evolution Large utilities have security and regulatory obstacles 2334 Broadway, #B, Boulder, Co. 80304 www.homerenergy.com
- 7. Microgrids and Plug-in Vehicles Grid benefits of distributed storage Save fuel and $s Stabilize the grid Reliability 2334 Broadway, #B, Boulder, Co. 80304 www.homerenergy.com
- 9. A little storage goes a long way2334 Broadway, #B, Boulder, Co. 80304 www.homerenergy.com
- 10. Grid stability Benefit to both microgrid and central grid Frequency and voltage control Renewable contribution Diesel-off operation 2334 Broadway, #B, Boulder, Co. 80304 www.homerenergy.com
- 11. Local Reliability Benefits Storage for short outages Hybrid renewables for extended outages 2334 Broadway, #B, Boulder, Co. 80304 www.homerenergy.com
- 12. Types of Vehicles Battery size Pure EV or hybrid V2G or Smart Charging Power transfer capability 110 volt x 30 amps = 3.3 kW = 4hp 220 volt x 50 amp = 11 kW = 15 hp 2334 Broadway, #B, Boulder, Co. 80304 www.homerenergy.com
- 13. Types of Microgrids Remote microgrids Global experience Alaska and Australia HOMER’s 60,000 users in 193 countries Grid-connected microgrids Reliability requirements Sustainability mandates 2334 Broadway, #B, Boulder, Co. 80304 www.homerenergy.com
- 14. Too Many Choices Solar Fuel Cells Wind Micro-turbines Hydro Geothermal Micro-grids Biomass Demand Response New Storage Techs. Electric Vehicles Load Management Smart grids 2334 Broadway, #B, Boulder, Co. 80304 www.homerenergy.com
- 15. What is best? Depends on the application Resources Loads Equipment prices Equipment performance A confused mind says “No!” Hybrid optimization with the HOMER® software 2334 Broadway, #B, Boulder, Co. 80304 www.homerenergy.com
- 16. HOMER History 1993 Village Power Internal NREL use 2001 Public version 2.0 Larger grid-connected systems 2005 Plug-in vehicle Internal NREL use 2009 HOMER Energy spun off 2011 Version 3.0 Ease of customization 2334 Broadway, #B, Boulder, Co. 80304 www.homerenergy.com
- 17. Conclusion EVs & microgrids: a perfect match. Grid integration is important. The HOMER software can help. 2334 Broadway, #B, Boulder, Co. 80304 www.homerenergy.com