2. X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
• X-ray crystallography is
the experimental science
determining the atomic and
molecular structure of a
crystal, in which the
crystalline structure causes
a beam of incident X-rays
to diffract into many specific
directions
4. INSTRUMENTS
The instruments used in x-ray crystallography
is know as x-ray diffractometer and content
following parts;
1. X-ray source
2. Monochromater
3.Calorimeter
4.Goneomater
5.photographic plate film
6.Detector
5. WORKING
The basic principle in working of X-ray
crystallography is that the crystalline
atoms diffract X-rays to several
specific directions whose intensity
and angle of the diffracted beams
generate three-dimensional (3D)
electron density image from which the
mean position of atoms in a crystal.
7. X-Ray crystallography
experiments are broken down into
four steps:
1. Protein crystallization.
2. Production of a diffraction
pattern.
3. Analysis of the diffraction
pattern to produce an electron
density map.
4. Determination of the protein
structure.
8.
9.
10. APPLICATION
Some of the specific areas that can
now be probed with X-ray
crystallography include measuring the,
1.Thickness of films
2. Identifying specific crystal phases and
orientations that can help to determine the
catalytic activity of materials
3. Determining the purity of a sample.