Blockchain use cases

Blockchain Use
Cases
http://www.techfactsa2z.in/2016/05/blockchain-applications.html
Ufuk Gümüş
IBTECH, April 2017

https://techbeacon.com/Blockchain-relational-database-which-right-for-your-application
Agenda
• Let’s Remember the Blockchain
• What's Ahead for 2017
•The Use Cases

https://techbeacon.com/blockchain-it-right-your-app
Blockchain
=
The Trust
Machine

Miner
Proof of
Work
Block
Blockchain
(ledger)
NodeNode
Difficulty
Level
Let’s First Remember the Blockchain
Blockchain Components

«…I see “blockchain technology” as a
collection of technologies, a bit like a
bag of Lego. From the bag, you can
take out different bricks and put
them together in different ways to
create different results.»
https://bitsonblocks.net/2015/09/09/a-gentle-introduction-to-blockchain-technology/

Primary Features of Blockchain
The primary benefits of using Blockchain technology are
the
• Elimination of intermediaries,
• Ease of use,
• Ease in verification of transactions,
• Improved security,
• Transparency with the lower cost,
• Decentralization,
• Immutability
The most basic function of blockchain is record keeping
via a distributed ledger. The biggest benefit of it is in
its immutability that it is not easy to alter the data,
once recorded. Besides you, no one else can access
your data.

Public vs Private Blockchains
“Private blockchains are valuable to solve
efficiency, security and fraud problems within
traditional financial institutions, but only
incrementally. Private blockchains will not
revolutionize the financial system.
Public blockchains, however, hold the
potential to replace most functions of
traditional financial institutions with
software, fundamentally reshaping the way
the financial system works.”
https://bitcoinmagazine.com/articles/what-are-the-use-cases-for-private-blockchains-the-experts-weigh-in-1466440884/

Public vs Private Blockchains
Public blockchains with censorship resistance have the
potential to disrupt society. The reason why you put up
private blockchains is potentially because you want to
have control over the participants in the blockchain.
So as we have banks and financial institutions, who
have to worry heavily about regulations, they can’t
use the public blockchains right now because they are
open and permission-free, and anyone can participate,
and that’s contradictory to the regulations to which
they must abide.
“Private blockchains have their uses. They can be faster;
they do more transactions without scalability issues. There
are security advantages, and also security disadvantages.”
https://bitcoinmagazine.com/articles/what-are-the-use-cases-for-private-blockchains-the-experts-weigh-in-1466440884/

Smart Contract
A piece of code (the smart contract - an event-
driven program), deployed to the shared,
replicated ledger, which can maintain its own
state, control its own assets and which responds
to the arrival of external information or the
receipt of assets:

Smart Contracts
Such rules cannot be circumvented – not even by the
person who has written the code – and, if they are
changed, it will be immediately visible.
This is not only about transparency: other smart
contracts could allow the cars to pay for their own
maintenance and fuel; if its shareholders decide the
company needs a new logo, it could follow the rules
set up in another contract to launch a competition
and outsource the final decision to a service
like Amazon’s Mechanical Turk. A company
governed by a cluster of smart contracts could
essentially run itself.
http://www.wired.co.uk/article/future-of-the-blockchain

Realising the Potential of Smart Contracts
There is a divide between
blockchain apps that run smart
contracts to DO USEFUL THINGS
and blockchain apps that SIMPLY
USE A BLOCKCHAIN like Bitcoin to
store the results of logic run on a
secondary software stack.
https://medium.com/hacking-finance/where-are-the-blockchain-killer-apps-9bf21c1562#.3e2lf6ifn

THE BLOCKCHAIN REVOLUTION?
Blockchain is a revolutionary technology that is
sure to change the whole world a few years
from now. It compares to what the internet was
like in the early 90s. Nobody knew what the
internet was going to be or what we were
going to do with it. Twenty years later, the
internet is just about everything. The same is
said of Blockchain technology, which is still in its
infancy.
https://recordskeeper.co/blog/use-cases-blockchain-technology/

We are at the very beginning of the blockchain
technology. Every day new players enter or
leave the game. So, I believe it shall take a few
more years for us to see if it is going to be a
revolutionary breakthrough or not.
is It too Early to Say That?
http://www.2.forms.healthcare.philips.com/blockchainlabs
http://getgcs.com/

What's Ahead for 2017
• The market will begin the long process of
determining which use cases are best served by
blockchain technology.
• 2017 will be the year when a collection of lab-based
tests move into limited pilot programs and early
production.
• Success will be measured not only on functional
merits but on economics, an area with a scant track
record. Blockchain technology is just beginning to
meet marketplace realities.
http://tsys.com/ngenuity-journal/the-blockchain-far-from-where-it-started-in-use-cases.html

While 2016 was the year of firms and governments
experimenting with blockchain technology, 2017
should be the year we see use cases being proven
and actually coming to market, according to Abdul
Naushad, chairman and founder of PayCommerce.
“So much venture capital money has been
pumped into the market that investors,
stakeholders and the industry should demand to
see meaningful results based on the promises and
proof of concepts introduced to the market,”
Naushad told Bitcoin Magazine.
https://bitcoinmagazine.com/articles/paycommerce-founder-its-time-blockchain-use-cases-be-proven-and-come-market/
What's Ahead for 2017

BLOCKCHAIN IN FINANCE: FROM
BUZZWORD TO WATCHWORD IN 2016
http://blockchainage.com/blockchain-in-finance-from-buzzword-to-watchword-in-2016/
As we move into 2017, we will see the
transformation of blockchain from a
buzzword to a watchword. We will
see the custodians of our fiat
currencies, central banks, move closer
to harnessing the power of blockchain
technology for the benefit of entire
economies.

Your Life is Destined for the Blockchain
A 2016 report by the UK government’s chief
scientific advisers claimed the technology had the
potential to help governments collect taxes,
deliver benefits, issue passports, record land
registries and “in general ensure the integrity of
government records and services”. And now banks,
the intended victims of the blockchain revolution,
are asking firms such as R3 to create private, closed
ledgers that borrow some elements of the
technology to streamline inter-bank cross-border
transfers.
http://www.wired.co.uk/article/future-of-the-blockchain

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h8DuaG11juo&feature=youtu.be
Blockchain Markets &
The Sharing Economy
On Demand Economy
Collaborative Eeconomy
Crowd Based Capitalism

Institutions had been the sole market
makers, now it is about to change to
communities.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h8DuaG11juo&feature=youtu.be

Meanwhile, the size of the sharing economy is set to
explode. PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) recently
released new research into the European sharing
economy. PwC economist, Rob Vaughan, stated that
“Our view is that growth in the sharing economy is
only just beginning. By 2025, we estimate that many
areas of the sharing economy will rival the size of
their traditional counterparts.”
Sharing Economy
https://bravenewcoin.com/news/lenderbot-by-deloitte-and-stratumn-to-bring-insurance-to-the-sharing-economy-using-bitcoins-blockchain/

A Plethora of Use Cases
https://www.cognizant.com/whitepapers/Blockchain-in-Banking-A-Measured-Approach-codex1809.pdf

Global Look at the Use Cases
https://bravenewcoin.com/news/moodys-new-report-identifies-25-top-blockchain-use-cases-from-a-list-of-120/
Moody's new report identifies 25 top blockchain use cases, from a list of 120

Demonstrating data ownership without revealing actual data:
You can publicly reveal the digest and if conflict arises you
can prove you had the data that generates the
digest. Useful for copyrighted material, patents, etc.
Document timestamping:
You can prove certain data exists at a certain moment of
time. As we use the bitcoin blockchain to store the document
proof, you can certify the existence of your document without
the need of a central authority. Use the computing power of
the whole bitcoin network to certify your data.
Checking for document integrity:
If you store a proof for your document and later re-upload it,
the system will only recognize it if it is completely and fully the
same document. The slightest change, and we'll recognize it is
different, giving you the security that certified data
can't be changed.
Proof of Existence

• Use our service to anonymously and securely store an online
distributed proof of existence for any document. Your documents are
NOT stored in our database or in the bitcoin blockchain, so you don't
have to worry about your data being accessed by others.
• All we store is a cryptographic digest of the file, linked to the time in which you
submitted the document. In this way, you can later certify that the data
existed at that time. This is the first online service allowing you to
publicly prove that you have certain information without revealing
the data or yourself, with a decentralized certification based on
the bitcoin network.
• The key advantages are anonymity, privacy, and getting a
decentralized proof which can't be erased or modified by anyone
(third parties or governments). Your document's existence is
permanently validated by the blockchain even if this site is
compromised or down, so you don't depend or need to trust any
central authority. https://proofofexistence.com/about

WORLD'S MOST TRUSTED PHOTOS
https://uproov.com/

UPROOV - YOUR MOBILE TRUST
MACHINE
UPROOV - YOUR MOBILE TRUST MACHINE
“You Prove” instantly proves any photos, videos or sound
recordings using our simple world first App - Allows instant
sharing, privately or publically, via the App or Uproov.com
Data on recordings taken with Uproov are stamped into
the Blockchain Ledger, which the Economist calls the Trust
machine , an amazing powerful new technology that’s
been around since 2009.
Uproov removes any doubt or dispute about yours or
others images, it time stamps to the nearest second and
cannot be edited. If even the slightest change is made
Uproov, will detect it.
https://uproov.com/

UPROOV - YOUR MOBILE TRUST
MACHINE
https://uproov.com/

David Mondrus and Joyce Bayo - 2014 - Bitcoin Conference - Disney, Florida
http://berlin2016.codemotionworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/MaxEdwards-Real-world-use-case-for-blockchain.pdf
On October 5, the first 'blockchain marriage' was held at Disney World's Bitcoin
Conference in Orlando, Florida. The event was submitted to the online public registry,
the blockchain, where the two lovers recorded their wedding agreement without
involvement of neither governmental, nor religious representations.

The First Official Digital Wedding
Starting Tuesday, the government of Estonia, in
a partnership with an organization called Bitnation, is
offering public notary services to Estonian e-
residents. Its first official act was to register the
marriage of two Spanish-born residents of London,
Edurne Lolnaz and Mayel de Borniol. The marriage
won't be recorded anywhere; instead, it'll be part of a
blockchain -- a distributed database accessible to
anyone with a private key, much like the process that
registers bitcoin transactions.
The blockchain "notarization" may be untested and not recognized
by courts and other authorities, but its advocates hope it will gain
currency once more people adopt it, in the same way as bitcoin.
https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2015-12-01/i-attended-the-first-official-digital-wedding
DEC 1, 2015 2:42 PM EST

The First Official Digital Wedding
The couple wrote their own marriage contract
under the lax family law of Ontario, Canada. It has
a 42-month term, but it can be amended and
extended if necessary. The blockchain will store the
contract and any eventual changes. "Sorry
everybody, this is a bit technical," de Borniol
muttered as the bride and groom entered their
digital ID numbers. The notarization didn't work
the first time. On the second attempt, a digital
signature certificate was finally generated,
everybody whooped and the bride and groom
kissed.
https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2015-12-01/i-attended-the-first-official-digital-wedding
DEC 1, 2015 2:42 PM EST

Powered by Blockchain, Ethereum
Smart Contracts Kibo to Revolutionize
Lottery Business
https://cointelegraph.com/news/powered-by-blockchain-ethereum-smart-contracts-kibo-to-revolutionize-lottery-business
Kibo takes care of that by allowing purchases to anyone with access to the Internet. All
the winnings are paid out in cryptocurrencies, and the same goes for buying tickets.
Which means that you don’t have to travel anywhere, but can rather participate from the
comfort of your own home.
The fact that Kibo is operating on the Internet and is powered by the Blockchain also allows for
easier payouts. If you win in a regular lottery, you have to give up a huge amount of your prize
(about 25%, depending on the jurisdiction) in taxes. Additional difficulties may arise if you’ve
won a foreign lottery, making you wait for a very long time until you can arrange the legal issues
and claim your money.

Smart Alarm DApp: Waking Up On
Time Pays Off - in Bitcoin
https://cointelegraph.com/news/smart-alarm-dapp-waking-up-on-time-pays-off-in-bitcoin
Betternot.rest, a smart alarm clock DApp, powered
by Syscoin’s smart contracts platform, challenges you to
improve your wake-up routine and earn some money in the
process.

Smart Alarm Dapp: how it works
https://cointelegraph.com/news/smart-alarm-dapp-waking-up-on-time-pays-off-in-bitcoin
First, every user deposits some Bitcoins to their app
account. Before going to sleep, they make a commitment to
wake up at a certain time or lose a certain amount of their
money. If a user fails to get up on time and confirm it with
the app, their funds are claimed by the system.
By the end of each month, all the funds, that the sleepy
users have lost, are pooled together. Then, 90 percent of
that money is redistributed back to those who have
managed to meet their commitments and wake up on time
throughout the month.
Importantly, all those operations aren’t managed by people.
The app is closely integrated with Syscoin and its
Blockchain and is governed by smart contracts - software
rules enforced automatically by a decentralized network of
computers. That leaves very little space for human error or
manipulation.

Vault OS
An Operating System for Banks
Vault OS creates banks that run in the Cloud. It provides
secure, fast, reliable end to end banking systems, capable of
managing users, accounts, savings, loans, mortgages and
more sophisticated financial products. Our customers are
banks who want a modern banking engine. Everything runs
as Software as a Service, so a bank can scale from one
customer to tens of millions without having to incur any hard
costs. Vault OS is completely flexible, smart contracts are
used to create products, so any type of loan or deposit
account is configurable.
https://www.thoughtmachine.net/

Vault OS
The Vault OS kernel runs the core functions of the
bank. It uses a centralised, permissioned
cryptographic ledger as a single source of truth for all
transactions. This ensures the highest degree of
security, while allowing the bank to retain ownership
and control. All banking products (deposit accounts,
savings, mortgages, loans, credit card accounts) use a
system of smart contracts.
https://www.thoughtmachine.net/
A New World of Contracts - Smart Contracts
Paper contracts suffer from all sorts of problems. People often don't really understand what
they are reading, signatures can be forged and contracts lost. Smart Contracts solve these
problems and more. They are written in code and signed digitally by the parties. Most
importantly, a Smart Contract can do things, specifically make payments. A smart employment
contract not only tells you how much you will get paid, but once active, will calculate your tax
and pay you every month, without you or your employer having to lift a finger.

Payments and Money Transfers
https://www.goabra.com/
Not all services are
available in all
countries. Please
see Where is Abra
available? to find out
which services are
available in each
country.

Abra is a Digital Wallet that Lives on
Your Smartphone.
DEPOSIT
Fund your wallet with bitcoin, your bank account, or
use cash by visiting an Abra Teller in your area.
SEND
Use the Abra app to send or receive money
worldwide with no sending fees. Buy things online
wherever Abra or bitcoin is accepted.
WITHDRAW
Use the app to transfer funds to your bank account,
your bitcoin wallet, or find a nearby Teller to get cash.
https://www.goabra.com/

What is an Abra Teller?
The Abra app allows qualified individuals to
become an Abra Teller. Tellers will be able to
perform ubiquitous mobile Abra transactions,
helping users to add cash to an Abra wallet
or withdraw cash from an Abra wallet. Tellers will
conduct face-to-face transactions with users from
an agreed meeting place, based upon teller's own
fees per transaction and hours.

Academic Records and Academia
https://www.holbertonschool.com/
Holberton School to Authenticate Its Academic
Certificates With the Bitcoin Blockchain

Holberton School to Authenticate Its Academic
Certificates With the Bitcoin Blockchain
Holberton School announced today it has become the world's first school to
deliver academic certificates secured and accessible via the blockchain, the
technology behind bitcoins, ensuring a high-quality certificate recognition for
Holberton School students and tackling the threats of false resumes and fake
certificates.
The school also announced a partnership with Bitproof, a startup specialized in
documents certification in the blockchain.
"Lying about education credentials is a common problem, and today it is very easy
to counterfeit academic diplomas and certificates," said Blake Haggerty, recruiter
at CoreOS. "In addition, the process to check someone's degree is quite laborious,
as you need to get the school's contact information, reach the right person and do
it again for every candidate. Medium and big companies often delegate this task to
third parties as it's very time and money consuming."
By having students' certificates available in a public blockchain, Holberton School
makes it easier for employers to check if a candidate is truly a graduate from the
school. Using any free blockchain explorer available online, such as Merkle,
employers can get the answer in seconds.
https://www.holbertonschool.com/

Voting
https://followmyvote.com/
https://followmyvote.com/blockchain-voting-the-end-to-end-process/

Follow
My
Vote
https://followmyvote.com/

Car Leasing and Sales
https://www.docusign.com/blog/the-future-of-car-leasing-is-as-easy-as-click-sign-drive/

DocuSign
• To begin the process, a prospective customer
chooses the car they want to lease after test-
driving, evaluating their options, and completing
any pre-approvals. That car’s identity is then
registered on the Bitcoin Blockchain – the secure
ledger database used to record transactions over
broadly-distributed computer networks.
• From the driver’s seat, the customer then chooses
the lease options for the car – low, mid or high
mileage, for example and DocuSigns the leasing
contract right there and then. This is all in turn
updated on the Blockchain.
https://www.docusign.com/blog/the-future-of-car-leasing-is-as-easy-as-click-sign-drive/

Forecasting
https://augur.net/

Augur
https://augur.net/
The entire research, analysis, consulting, and forecasting industries
could be shaken up by blockchain. The online crowd-funded
platform Augur hopes to capitalize on decentralized prediction markets. The company says it
will offer a service that looks like a normal betting exchange. The entire process will be
decentralized, and will not only offer users a place to place bets on sports and stocks, but on
other topics such as elections and natural disasters. The idea is to go beyond sports
gambling and create a “predictions market.”

Online Music - Problems
Owning it
The first problem facing musicians comes down to the fact
that no comprehensive database of music copyright
ownership exists.
Getting paid
The second problem is payments. Listeners can access tracks
immediately with a click, yet according to a Rethink Music
report it can take years for royalties to reach those
responsible for making the music.
Shining light into black boxes
Third, the mechanism by which royalties are calculated and
paid is often opaque. Some revenue ends up in a “black box”
beyond the reach of the artists and songwriters to whom it
rightly belongs.
https://www.cbinsights.com/blog/industries-disrupted-blockchain/

Online Music – Solution
Recently, a number of music industry projects
have turned to a particular technology as a
possible solution to these problems. These
include Mycelia, launched by singer, songwriter
and producer Imogen Heap, and Dot
Blockchain Music, launched by PledgeMusic
founder Benji Rogers. Then there’s Ujo
Music, Blokur, Aurovine, Resonate, Peertracks,
Stemand Bittunes, which already claims users
in 70 countries. What links these projects is
that they all are based on blockchain.https://www.cbinsights.com/blog/industries-disrupted-blockchain/

Online Music
To demonstrate the power of blockchain technology, we worked
with singer-songwriter Imogen Heap to release her song Tiny
Human on the Ethereum blockchain. Debuting in October 2015, the
prototype allowed users to purchase licenses to download, stream, remix, and
sync the song. Each payment was automatically split on the
blockchain and sent directly to Imogen and each of her
collaborators.
The demo explored how music on the blockchain could look and
illuminated the importance of four central topics:
•How a decentralized platform can give artists greater
ownership over their creations
•How greater transparency can promote and incentivize efficient
systems
•How direct licensing on the blockchain can improve
collaboration
•How digital currency can be used to enable instant
payments among fans, artists, and service providershttp://ujomusic.com/

Online Music
http://myceliaformusic.org/ http://ujomusic.com/

http://dotblockchainmusic.com/
Concentric Ring Architecture

dotBC Concentric Architecture
http://dotblockchainmusic.com/

.bc
It aims to develop a new standard for music content, called .bc –
think of it as an alternative to .mp3 or .wav.
But unlike those existing formats, .bc will contain not only the music
itself, but also a host of information connected to it: rightsholder details,
terms of use, licensing restrictions – basically, anything that you can
express in a machine-readable format.
MP3s, AACs and the rest, are laughably insecure when it comes to
metadata. As Rogers points out, it is the work of seconds to strip out artist
data from a file of this kind. But, he says, “the persistence of information
on ownership is going to become really important. The bass player who
played on a track that’s sampled 600 times and then played on a platform
that makes money – how does that money get back to the bass player?”
By hard-wiring the rightsholder information into the file, he thinks
he can help to eliminate the black boxes being sat on by YouTube and their
like – and, by building a system whereby rightsholders, labels,
licensees and streaming platforms all transact on a blockchain, that
information can be rendered immutable by anyone but the parties with
the right to change it.
http://www.factmag.com/2017/02/21/blockchain-bitcoin-music-industry/

Supply Chain Management
One of the most universally applicable aspects of blockchain technology is that it
enables more secure and transparent monitoring of transactions. Supply chains are
basically a series of transaction nodes that link to move products from point A to the point-of-
sale or final deployment. With blockchain, as products change hands across a supply chain
from manufacture to sale, the transactions can be documented in a permanent decentralized
record — reducing time delays, added costs, and human errors. Several blockchain startups are
jumping into this sector: Provenance is building a traceability system for materials and
products, Fluent offers an alternative platform for lending into global supply
chains, and Skuchain builds blockchain-based products for the business-to-business trade and
supply-chain finance market.

PROVENANCE
https://www.provenance.org/
«Look beyond the label
Products are more than meets the eye. They are the sum of
their creators’ work, history and ownership. What if there
were a new digital dimension to products that gave verified
information about their producers, origins and ingredients? We
created Provenance to do just that.»

Cloud Storage
Enterprises that offer cloud storage often secure customers’
data in a centralized server which can mean increased
network vulnerability from attacks by hackers. Blockchain
cloud storage solutions allow storage to be
decentralized, and therefore less prone to attacks
that can cause systemic damage and widespread
data loss. Storj is beta-testing a blockchain-enabled
cloud storage network to improve security and lower
the transaction costs of storing information in the
cloud. Storj users can also rent out their unused
digital storage space potentially creating a new
market for crowdsourced cloud storage capacity.

Energy Management
Energy management is another industry that has historically
been highly centralized. In the US, to transact in energy you
have to go through a trusted power holding company like
Duke Energy, or National Grid in the UK, or deal with a re-
seller that buys from a big electricity company. Startups
like Transactive Grid — a joint venture between LO3
Energy and Brooklyn-based Ethereum outfit Consensys —
offer Ethereum blockchain technology that enables
customers to transact in decentralized energy generation
schemes, and effectively allows people to generate, buy, and
sell energy to their neighbors. LO3 Energy also has projects
that include Brooklyn Microgrid, and Project Exergy, the latter
being a proof-of-concept for harnessing excess-heat expelled
by computers.

Sports Management
Investing in athletes has generally been the purview of sports
management agencies and corporations, but blockchain could
decentralize the process of funding athletes by democratizing fans’
ability to have a financial stake in the future of tomorrow’s sports
stars. The concept of using blockchain to invest in athletes with
returns has not been tried on any significant scale. However, at least
one organization, The Jetcoin Institute, has promoted the idea of
cybercurrency (in this case, “Jetcoins”) with which fans can invest in
their favorite athletes, and later the opportunity to receive a portion
of the athlete’s future earnings, as well as VIP events and seat
upgrades, etc. Jetcoin has experimented with this approach in a
partnership with the Hellas Verona soccer team in Italy.
https://jetcoininstitute.com/

Gift Cards and Loyalty Programs
Blockchains can help retailers that offer gift cards and loyalty
programs make those systems cheaper and more secure.
With fewer middle-men needed to process the issuing of
cards and sales transactions, the process of acquiring and
using blockchain-reliant gift cards is more efficient and cost
effective. Similarly, increased levels of fraud prevention
enabled by the blockchain’s unique verification capability
also save costs and help prohibit illegitimate users from
obtaining stolen accounts. Gyft, an online platform for
buying, sending and redeeming gift cards that is owned
by First Data, has partnered with blockchain infrastructure
provider Chain to run gift cards for thousands of small
businesses on the blockchain — the new program is
called Gyft Block.

Gun Tracking
Blockchain’s distributed ledger offers several
opportunities for safer, smarter guns. Public records
connected through blockchain would be harder to
tamper with and could prevent applicants deemed
unsuitable from acquiring guns in the first place.
Additionally, linking health records with gun
ownership could alert law enforcement when owners
have undergone a life event that could be linked with
an increased possibility of violence. A startup
called Blocksafe is focusing on creating a blockchain-
based system that would allow users to track their
guns’ locations and whether or not they had recently
been fired.

http://blocksafefoundation.com/
Advocacy,
research and
development to
foster
blockchain
technology
for enhanced
defense and
safety of smart
guns is our
mission.
Blocksafe
Foundation is a
registered non-
profit private
foundation https://www.cryptocoinsnews.com/blocksafe-blockchain-smart-guns/
Different
technologies, such
as biometric
fingerprints and
RFID

Wills and Inheritances
Wills are a specific kind of contract and this makes them
well suited to a blockchain smart-contracts
solution. Blockchain Technologies Corp‘s legal counsel,
Eric Dixon, states that “Most will-related litigation
involves challenges to the genuineness of a will” and that
while blockchain would not completely remove these
challenges, its distributed ledger system would make it
easier to identify factual information and dismiss claims
that are without merit. Linking documents related to a
person’s estate through a verifiable blockchain system
would give executors access to a more trusted pool of
data than current systems, where documents from
disparate backgrounds need to be sorted through to
determine their veracity.

Blockchain Tech Corp. is currently developing a self
executing will system where the blockchain will
automatically check the the government’s “Death
Master File” and verify that a person did in fact
pass. Then, pre-programmed rules setup by the
person will automatically distribute their assets,
eliminating the need for executors and court
battles because the integrity of a will is in
question.
http://blockchaintechcorp.com/

Retail
Currently, trust in the retail system is mainly linked to
trust in the marketplace where that purchase is being
made, one element of Amazon’s place as most users’
first stop when shopping online. Startups
like OpenBazaar are developing decentralized
blockchain utilities designed to connect buyers and
sellers without a middleman and the associated fees
(sorry Amazon). In these cases, trust in the system
would come from the security of blockchain exchanges
and a smart contract system. OB1 has raised $4M in
two rounds and boasts Andreessen Horowitz and Union
Square Ventures among its investors.

Openbazaar
OpenBazaar is a different way to do online commerce. Instead of
visiting a website, you download and install a program on your
computer that directly connects you to other people looking to
buy and sell goods and services with you. This peer to peer
network isn't controlled by any company or organization - it's a
community of people who want to engage in trade directly with each
other.
https://openbazaar.org/
It's like buying or
selling with someone in
person - except you're
online.

Charity
For those interested in charitable donations,
blockchain’s unique feature is the ability to precisely
track where your donations are going, when they
arrived, and whose hands they actually ended up in.
Perennial complaints around charitable donations
include organizational inefficiency and corruption
which can prevent money from reaching those it was
meant for or from being used effectively. Bitcoin-based
charities like the BitGive Foundation use blockchain’s
secure and transparent distributed ledger to let donors
see that the intended party has received the funds.
Blockchain also makes tampering more difficult and
facilitates transactions at lower fees than those usually
associated with money transfer middlemen or larger
charitable organizations.

BitGive
https://bitgivefoundation.org/

Law Enforcement
There are two notable use cases for blockchain in law
enforcement: evidence management/tracking and flagging
suspicious transaction patterns. In police investigations,
maintaining the integrity of the chain of evidence is
paramount, so a distributed, hard-to-falsify record kept via
blockchain could provide an added layer of security to the
evidence-handling process. Startup Chronicled has raised
almost $5M in funding to develop sealable, tamper-proof
containers with near field communications chips that
register the contents through a blockchain system, which
could have law enforcement applications.
Additionally, Elliptic, another startup with just over $7M in
funding, is developing a system to continually scan bitcoin
registries and flag suspicious transactions/histories and
alert law enforcement officers so that they can begin
investigations.

Chronicled Good
http://chronicled.com/
http://chronicled.com/drone-case-study.html

Elliptic
https://www.elliptic.co/
This visualisation shows the emergence over time of the largest entities
on the Bitcoin blockchain, and their interconnectivity.
We have anonymised most active businesses and private individuals in
order to protect their identities.
The distance from the centre represents the first appearance of each
entity, with Satoshi Nakomoto in the middle, depicting the genesis of
Bitcoin in 2009.

Human Resources
Doing background checks and verifying
employment histories are time-consuming tasks for
human resources professionals. If employment
and criminal records were stored in a blockchain
ledger and free from the possibility of
falsification, HR professionals could streamline
the vetting process. Recruit Technologies recently
teamed with ascribe.io “to develop blockchain-
backed cryptographic Certificates of Authenticity,”
a possible first step towards building a more
transparent and easily verified employment history
system.
With blockchain technology, an institution can issue a degree to a
student in a cryptographically secure, immutable, public fashion.

ascribe
https://www.ascribe.io/annoucements/recruit-technologies-applies-blockchain-technology-to-the-hr-industry-through-strategic-alliance-with-ascribe/
ascribe is a service that empowers creators to truly own, securely share and
track the history of a digital work. We do this by giving creators the tools to lock
in authorship, set the intent and gain visibility into where their work spreads. By
doing this, creators can be recognized while giving buyers an easier way to
discover and reward them.
ascribe is for any creator who wants to protect and manage their creative work. ascribe
lets you share your work knowing that your authorship claim is secured and enables
buyers to collect and truly own your digital work. With ascribe, selling digital property is
as easy as selling physical property. ascribe allows you to transfer intellectual property
(IP) to someone, anywhere in the world, simply by email. We aim to democratize IP by
making it easily accessible to the individual.

Ride Sharing
Ride apps like Uber seem to be the opposite of
decentralization — that is, one company acting as a
dispatching hub and using its algorithms to control its
fleet of drivers and what they charge. Israeli
startup La’Zooz wants to be the “anti-Uber,” according
to Bloomberg. It makes its own proprietary digital
currency — like bitcoin — which is recorded digitally
using blockchain technology. Instead of using a
centralized network to call cabs, people use La’Zooz
by finding other people traveling similar routes and
exchanging coins for the rides. These coins can then be
used for future rides. Users earn (or “mine”) these
coins by letting the app track their locations.

Ride Hailing
Ride-hailing services like Uber and Lyft have struggled
with issues like regulation and the treatment of their
drivers, but blockchain solutions may offer riders and
drivers alike new options. Startup Arcade City, a ride-
hailing company in Austin, TX, takes a percentage of rider
fares and facilitates all transactions through a
blockchain system, but allows drivers to “establish their
own forms of financial transaction,” as opposed to ride-
sharing company La’Zooz, which uses a proprietary
electronic currency to pay for rides on its service.
Additionally, Arcade City was designed around ride
hailing for professional drivers vs just connecting drivers
with riders looking to go along a similar route.

Arcade City
https://arcade.city/

Networking and IoT
https://www-935.ibm.com/services/multimedia/GBE03662USEN.pdf

Autonomous Decentralized Peer-to-
Peer Telemetry (ADEPT)
IBM and Samsung have been working on a concept known as
ADEPT, which uses blockchain-type technology to form the backbone
of a decentralized network of IoT devices.
With ADEPT, which stands for Autonomous Decentralized Peer-to-
Peer Telemetry, a blockchain would serve as a public ledger for a
massive amount of devices, which would no longer need a central
hub to mediate communication between them, according to
CoinDesk. Without a central control system to identify one another,
the devices would be able to communicate with one another
autonomously to manage software updates, bugs, or energy
management.
Others are also looking to build blockchain technology into an IoT
platform. For example, Filament, a company that builds a
decentralized network using the blockchain (among other things) for
sensors to communicate with each other, raised a $5M Series A, with
both Verizon Ventures’ and Samsung Ventures’ participation.
https://filament.com/

https://discover-iot-blockchain-dev.eu-gb.mybluemix.net/iot-blockchain.html
IBM Watson IoT Platform enables IoT devices to
send data to private blockchain ledgers for
inclusion in shared transactions with tamper
resistant records. Blockchain’s distributed
replication allows your business partners to
access and supply IoT data without the need for
central control and management. All business
partners can verify each transaction, preventing
disputes and ensuring each partner is held
accountable for their individual roles in the
overall transaction.
Watson IoT
https://www.ibm.com/internet-of-things/platform/private-blockchain/

The Watson IoT Platform has a built-in capability that lets you add selected IoT data to
a private blockchain. The protected data is shared among only the business partners
involved with the transaction.
•IBM Blockchain provides the private blockchain infrastructure of distributed
peers that replicates the device data and validates the transaction through
secure contracts.
•Watson IoT Platform translates existing device data, from one or more device
types, into the format needed by the blockchain contract APIs. The blockchain
contract doesn’t need to know the specifics of your device data.
•Watson IoT Platform filters device events and sends only the required data to
the contract.
https://www.ibm.com/internet-of-things/platform/private-blockchain/
IBM Watson Internet of Things

Freight Transportation
Moving freight is a complex process involving
different parties with different priorities. An IoT-
enabled blockchain can store the temperatures,
position, arrival times, and status of shipping
containers as they move through the system.
Indelible blockchain transactions ensure that all
parties can trust the data and take action to move
the product quickly and efficiently.
With IBM Watson IoT blockchain, you can be
confident that contractual obligations are met all
along the road.

Component Tracking and Compliance
The ability to track the components that go into an
aircraft, automobile, or other vehicle is critical both
for safety and regulatory compliance. IoT data
stored in shared blockchain ledgers enables all
parties to see component provenance
throughout the vehicle’s life. Sharing this
information with regulatory agencies, shippers,
manufacturers and so on is secure, easy, and cost-
effective.
Use IBM Watson IoT blockchain as a shared
ledger to maintain an accurate and indelible
history of your critical components.

IoT devices track the state of safety critical machines
and their maintenance in your organization. From
aircraft engines to elevators. Blockchain provides for a
tamper free ledger of the operational data and the
resulting maintenance. Third party repair partners
can monitor the blockchain for preventative
maintenance and record their work back on the
blockchain. Operational records can also be
shared with government entities to verify
compliance.
Use IBM Watson IoT blockchain as a shared ledger to
provide a record of operational data and maintenance.
Log operational Maintenance Data

Blockchain Use Cases in Healthcare
http://ancapetre.com/blockchain-use-cases-healthcare

Use Case 1 : Drug Traceability
• 10% to 30% of the drugs sold in developing countries are
counterfeit;
• The counterfeit drug market is worth $200 billion annually;
• Internet sales of counterfeit drugs account for $75 billion of
the total market;
• Most of the counterfeit drugs are manufactured in either
India or China;
• About 60 different Pfizer medicines and products were
being counterfeited around the world as of 2014;
• WHO estimates that 16% of counterfeit drugs contain the
wrong ingredients, while 17% contain the wrong levels of
necessarily ingredients.

How can Blockchain Help?
The main characteristic of blockchain technology that is useful in drug traceability is
security. Each new transaction added to a block is immutable and timestamped,
making it easy to track a product and make sure the information cannot be altered.
A blockchain can be either public or private. To insure the authenticity and
traceability of the drugs, the companies that register a product on the
blockchain have to be trustworthy. Hence, only private blockchains
controlled by a central entity are logical to make sure that fake drugs
are not registered. A company’s access to the “drug blockchain” would therefore
be a proof that the drugs they produce are authentic.
The pharmaceutical companies decide which actors of the supply chain act as
miners. It could be manufacturers, distributors or retailers. Depending on the
position on the supply chain, each person could have different rights: labs can
register drugs whereas wholesalers can only verify transactions.
When a drug is produced, a hash is generated that contains all the relevant
information about the product. Each time the drug moves from an entity to another
(eg: from the manufacturer to the distributor), the information is stored on the
blockchain, making it easy to track the drug.

Use Case 2: Clinical Trials
During clinical trials, a considerable amount of data
is produced – safety and quality reports, statistics,
blood tests, surveys, medical imagery – and large
groups of people are involved, making it hard to
track and control everyone. Hence, mistakes can be
committed along the way, some unintentionally and
others not. Fraud usually includes modifying or
hiding data that could compromise the advance of
the clinical trial and damage the image of an
organization among regulatory agencies or patients.

Blockchain can provide proof-of-existence for any
document and allow anyone to verify the
authenticity of said document. In order to add new
data – in the form of transactions – the majority of
nodes have to agree that it is valid and coherent with
the blockchain history. Hence, modifying existing
information would require changing the records of
the majority of the computers in the network. This
characteristic of blockchain is very powerful when
applied to clinical trials. Indeed, as mentioned above,
data is often altered or modified because there is
currently no system that prevents it.

Use Case 3: Patient Data Management
When it comes to patient data management, there are two main issues in the
healthcare industry.
First, each patient is unique therefore there is no such thing as a common disease or
common treatment strategy. Hence, access to complete medical records is essential in
order to adapt the treatment and provide personalised care. Healthcare is becoming
more-and-more patient-centred.
Second, sharing information among the medical community is a major challenge.
This type of medical data is sensitive and should always go through secured networks
when divulgated. Moreover, the lack of secure structure to share data is an important
obstacle for scientific advances. Indeed, medical records are kept in very different
locations, and there is no common database. Allowing the researchers to access the
data could heavily contribute to scientific advances worldwide especially when it
comes to rare diseases or minorities.
Finally, blockchain also adresses the notion of data ownership. Today, the patient
cannot claim full ownership of his medical records because giving him complete
control over the information would also allow him to change certain information or
even delete parts of it.

Blockchain can provide a structure for data sharing as well as
security. This is how: healthcare providers collect information
from the patient such as name, date of birth, procedures
performed and prescriptions. The data is stored in the
organisation’s existing databases and/or on cloud computing
systems. A hash is created from each source of data and is
redirected to the blockchain along with the patient’s public ID.
Smart contracts are used to manage patient data access.
Through an API, healthcare stakeholders can query the
blockchain that provides the location where the data can be
found without revealing patient identity.
If needed, the patient can share his full medical record (with or
without identifiable data) to any stakeholder. For instance, he
could share identifiable data with his doctors and non-identifiable
data with Big Pharmas looking for phase IV information. The
patient can decide to whom he gives access to and on which
conditions. Once accessed, data can be analysed and shared by
the medical community and researchers.

http://bankingblog.celent.com/2016/08/09/blockchain-use-cases-for-corporate-banking/
BLOCKCHAIN USE CASES FOR
BANKING

BANKING
KYC (Know Your Customer)
• Compliance and KYC procedures have become
increasingly important in the banking industry as
regulators are keeping a very close eye on who
banks are doing business with to avoid potential
money laundering or terrorist financing.
• By developing compliance platforms and KYC
processes on top of blockchain technology, banks
can not only reduce operational costs in these
departments but also increase the efficiency of
compliance processes and develop a closer
relationship with the financial regulator.
https://bitcoinmagazine.com/articles/four-key-blockchain-use-cases-banks-fintech-network-report/

Performing KYC
Financial institutions and other service providers
can perform KYC (Know Your Customer) with just
one click. The customer can also authorize KYC with
just one click. The once-performed KYC record will
be available as reference for other future
transactions as well.
https://recordskeeper.co/blog/kyc-can-blockchain-can-help/

BANKING
Trading Platforms
Trading platforms are a key use case for blockchain
technology. By building securities exchanges on top
of distributed ledger technology, there would be no
need for a centralized trust or intermediaries as
well as no risk of double spending in the securities-
trading supply chain.

Digital Assets
Perhaps the most important and the most
alluring of all uses is the creation of digital
assets through blockchain. Even NASDAQ
has started trading shares using the
technology. Be it stocks or bonds,
blockchain protocols can help create as
well as trade or invest on these digitized
assets.
A digital asset, in essence, is anything that exists in a binary format and comes with
the right to use. Data that do not possess that right are not considered assets.

Reduction of Fraud
Currently, the majority of banking systems are built on a
centralized database, which makes them more susceptible to
cyber-attacks as all information is stored locally in one place.
Also, many banking systems are outdated and are, therefore,
more vulnerable to new forms of cyber-attacks.
By building new banking systems on top of blockchain
technology, the chance for fraud and data theft can be reduced
substantially as the distributed ledger technology secures
records; it stores, encrypts and verifies every single bit of data in
a transaction. Therefore, should any data breach or fraudulent
activity occur, it would be made immediately obvious to all
parties who have permission to access the transaction data on
the ledger.
BANKING

Challenges for Blockchain Adoption in Banking
While blockchain technology can provide solutions
to a number of issues in the banking sector,
challenges still lie ahead for the technology to
become a fully integrated part of the industry.
The primary issues that the FinTech Network’s
whitepaper cites are privacy concerns, integration
with legacy banking systems, regulatory
uncertainty and scalability.
BANKING

Challenges for Blockchain Adoption in Banking
• Blockchains that the industry would use to store, record and transfer data
would need to be permissioned blockchains in order to comply with privacy
laws and to ensure that customers’ data is safe. Cyber-security concerns would
need to be addressed before blockchain technology can be fully deployed in
the market. Furthermore, new blockchain-based systems would need to
integrate with current banking systems for blockchain adoption to work.
• Regulatory uncertainty is another hindrance to blockchain adoption as there
is no clear regulation on this new technology.
• Finally, scalability is also a challenge since banking blockchains would need
to be able to hold and process a massive amount of data. Hence, it is
paramount for these systems to be constructed so that scalability will not
become an issue, as it has with the Bitcoin blockchain, for example.
While blockchain technology would become a huge cost saver for banks in the years to
come, challenges for its adoption need to be addressed before blockchains will
become a fully-integrated part of the financial services industry.
BANKING

Blockchain Technologies could
Transform Government Services
Government-to-Citizen (G2C):
Potential applications include
• secure e-voting,
• patient-controlled Electronic Health
Records (EHR), and
• digital property titles. In Ghana, a pilot program
is already underway that is enabling citizens to
file and digitize land titles via GPS coordinates,
register property disputes, and more.
https://techcrunch.com/2016/11/21/blockchain-technologies-could-transform-government-services/

Blockchain Technologies Could Transform
Government Services
Government-to-Government (G2G)
• One potential application is DHS’ (Department of
Homeland Security) interest in using blockchain as an
advanced analytics aid for quickly resolving
identity issues and protecting national security.
• Another potential application is intra-agency
identity management of people, goods, and
services. In the UK, blockchain is currently being
tested as a tax collection and remittance dispersal
platform.

Government Services
Government-to-Vendor (G2V)
One potentially compelling G2V application is a
blockchain-based chain-of-custody (chronological
documentation or paper trail, showing the seizure, custody, control, transfer, analysis,
and disposition of physical or electronic evidence - synonym for provenance)
platform to provide supply chain assurance; such
platforms are currently under development in the
private sector, and the government could help drive
adoption by making them a precondition for federal
contracting eligibility.

Government Services
• Congress recently established a Blockchain Caucus
with the goal of studying the technology and how
it might aid in financial inclusion.
• Meanwhile, individual states are also giving
blockchain a closer look. For example, Delaware,
which is a favored domicile for many companies, is
actively exploring how to use blockchain
for a corporate registry.

Tackling Human Trafficking
One fifth of the world’s population – an estimated 1.5
billion people – do not have an official document to
prove their identity. Most of them live in Asia and
Africa and a “disproportionate number” are women
and children, the World Bank says.
Without legal identification, these people are
“invisible” to society, and that makes them vulnerable
to trafficking, prostitution and exploitation.
Microsoft has announced it is working with partners
on a secure identity system that uses blockchain to
independently verify people’s identities.
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/12/fighting-human-trafficking-tracing-blood-diamonds-and-other-surprising-uses-for-blockchain/
HOW DOES IT WORK?
1.Create a self-sovereign identity on your mobile device.
2.Collect credentials from businesses and peers to build a rich reputation.
3.Share credentials as you authenticate everywhere.
4.Contribute your trust.

Decentralised Government Project
Bitnation Offers Refugees Blockchain IDs and Bitcoin
Debit Cards
http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/decentralised-government-project-bitnation-offers-refugees-blockchain-ids-bitcoin-debit-cards-1526547
Bitnation, an ambitious project for the decentralisation of governance using
blockchain technology, is offering victims of the current refugee crisis an
emergency digital ID and a bitcoin visa card to receive funds from family
in the absence of a bank account.

Tracking Blood Diamonds
The Kimberley Process, an international body launched in
2003 to clean up the trade in conflict-zone diamonds, is
exploring how blockchain could help trace the
provenance of diamonds.
One start-up, Everledger, is already using blockchain
to digitally certify diamond ownership. CEO and founder
Leanne Kemp believes the technology could also be
applied to other problems such as ivory poaching.
“The question of authenticity is key because, for instance,
counterfeit goods are funding terrorist activities,” she told
WIRED: “We can apply this technology to solve very big
problems: ivory poaching, blood diamonds, all these
big ‘blood problems’ that are helping cartels, terrorists
and criminals.” The fashion industry is also
experimenting with blockchain as a method of tackling
counterfeiting.https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/12/fighting-human-trafficking-tracing-blood-diamonds-and-other-surprising-uses-for-blockchain/

https://www.everledger.io/
So far, 858,890 diamonds have been entered onto the
firm's ledger. Each gem is scanned to glean forty unique
points that are condensed into what Kemp calls "the
diamond’s digital thumbprint". This is then attached to
the smallest quantity of bitcoin available (a satoshi, in
homage to the cryptocurrency’s pseudonymous creator)
transforming the coin into a stand-in for the diamond on
a blockchain ledger. The unique ID moves every time the
diamond changes hands, leaving an unalterable digital
trail of ownerships back to its origin. Everledger also
built a smaller, private blockchain for transactions within
the industry.
Provenance

Registering Real Estate
Ghana - In their presentation at the event, the pair showed a photo of a house with the
words “this house is not for sale” spray painted on it. They said that this is a common way
for homeowners to show that a place is occupied and that opportunists should not try
taking it from them. “People sell land they don’t have,” he told the crowd.
http://observer.com/2016/10/benben-factom-bitfury-ghana-georgia-honduras/

Registering Land
• Sweden is experimenting with putting its land registry
system on blockchain.
The plan is to use the technology to make the details of real
estate transactions visible to all parties – banks, brokers,
government officials, buyers and sellers.
• For developing countries, building immutable title systems on
blockchain could be a means of stamping out fraud and
encouraging people to record unregistered land. It might also help
banks to lend against land.
• In Honduras, one of the poorest countries in Latin America, US
blockchain company Factom was reportedly in talks with the
government in 2015 to create a decentralized database of land titles.
• Meanwhile, a different initiative, Bitland, is looking at the feasibility
of putting titles on blockchain in Ghana, where an estimated 78% of land
is unregistered.
• The Georgian government is also reported to be working with Bitcoin
company BitFury on a system for registering land titles using blockchain.
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/12/fighting-human-trafficking-tracing-blood-diamonds-and-other-surprising-uses-for-blockchain/

Real Estate
Pain points for buying and selling property include: a
lack of transparency during and after transactions,
copious amounts of paperwork, possible fraud, and
errors in public records to name just a few.
Blockchain offers a way to reduce the need for paper-
based record keeping and speed up transactions. Real
estate blockchain applications can help record, track,
and transfer land titles, property deeds, liens etc. and
helps ensure the documents are accurate and
verifiable. Ubitquity offers a platform for financial
institutions, title, and mortgage companies and aims to
secure documents, while enhancing transparency and
reducing costs. The company’s alpha release will be
available summer 2016.

UBITQUITY
https://www.ubitquity.io/site/index.html
What we offer:
We offer a simple user experience for securely recording & tracking property records
with our SaaS blockchain platform. We help e-recording companies, title
companies, and custom clients benefit from a clean record of ownership, reducing
future title search time, increased confidence and transparency. We envision a layered
approach to the adoption of this technology. Early adopters are parties with the most to
gain from efficiency/reduced transaction costs.
Our platform is meant to be a parallel recording and tracking system to the
current legacy paper one. When transactions occur, all relevant information about the
property are recorded on our platform. On September 15, 2016 we officially launched in
private alpha within and outside the United States.
On February 27, 2017 we offically launched alpha release v1.1. We are
currently piloting our SaaS platform with a Land Records
Bureau in Brazil.
Our platform uses Colu's API (on Colored Coins protocol). All transaction hashes
are recorded on the open Bitcoin blockchain for security and reliability.

Future House Purchases
http://chromaway.com/landregistry/
We are piloting the first project in Sweden to model a property purchase
using blockchain and smart contract technology. The goal of the pilot is
to evaluate the technology from a legal, business and IT perspective.

A clothing collection can be verified on the blockchain
through Near Field Communications (NFC) — which allows
devices to communicate with one another when brought
into close proximity — or by scanning the QR code on the
label. A person’s phone communicates with the small
VeChain chip embedded inside the clothing or accessory,
which then tells its “story” to the consumer.
The chip holds a unique public and private key pair. The
public key is also stored in the blockchain and can be verified
by the VeChain app. The app then verifies the public key with
the VeChain servers to determine if the public key is genuine.
As a result, product safety and quality assurance are
maintained, helping to drive customer satisfaction.https://bitcoinmagazine.com/articles/babyghost-and-vechain-fashion-on-the-blockchain-1476807653/
Babyghost and VeChain: Fashion on the
Blockchain

Seeing where your food was grown
From dinner at a restaurant to a bag of potato chips, every ingredient has a
history. Blockchains provide a shared and secured record, letting users
see where ingredients come from and how they were produced while
letting producers see where their ingredients and how they’re
incorporated into finished food products.
http://www.coindesk.com/how-bitcoins-technology-could-make-supply-chains-more-transparent/

Buying local produce in more flexible ways
Smart contracts built on blockchains create new options for buying
goods that include naming your own price or automatic recurring
orders.

Seeing how your food got from farm or sea to plate
Blockchains can create a formal registry to identify individual goods, and track possession of
a good through different points in a supply chain.
Internet connected equipment such as fishing boats, shipping trucks, and storage coolers can
monitor which objects they’re housing and tag those objects with relevant environmental
conditions like temperature or location, providing assurance that a product was safely
handled through the entirety of its journey.

New kinds of markets that create new
ways to participate
As an inexpensive and open payment system, bitcoin enables new kinds of trading and
markets where makers can sell products they make part time.
Beyond payments, blockchains create a way to register and sell goods in a more
distributed way, as well as to track the identity and reputation of sellers, thus creating
new kinds of sharing economies with open participation.

Knowing exactly what went into your
food when it really matters
When blockchains track the movement of objects through the supply chain they can also
note how individual ingredients combine to form a newly manufactured item.
This 'provenance tree' allows an end user to know exactly what went into the product
even if it has been through multiple manufacturing steps at different companies.

Blockchain use cases

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