Communities Combating Illegal Wildlife Trade session four

Communities Combatting
Illegal Wildlife Trade
Online Learning Event Series
Event 4 of 7
©PhilipJ.Briggs

Highlights from Session 3
©PhilipJ.Briggs

What do we mean by a Learning
Event?
What it is:
− Shares uses and
contributions of the
methodology
− Explains concepts and
principles that underpin it
− Describes steps involved in
implementing it
− Introduces tools that can be
used
− Promotes interactions
with the participants
What it is not:
− A series of lectures
− A course for credit
− A detailed and comprehensive
training course
CAUTION: You will not be
ready to fully implement the
FLoD methodology on your
own at the end of this learning
event series.
SAWC is developing an in-depth
training course

IMPLEMENTER /
DESIGNER TOC
A. B. C. D.
COMMUNITY TOC
A. B. C. D.
3b. CONSTRUCT
IMPLEMENTER /
DESIGNER TOC
4a. COMMUNITY FIELDWORK
5. FEEDBACK WORKSHOP
KEY STAKEHOLDER
INTERVIEWS
4b. CONSTRUCT
COMMUNITY TOC
A. B. C. D.
BASELINE TOC
3a. IMPLEMENTER / DESIGNER
INTERVIEW
1. SCREENING /
SCOPING
2. INCEPTION
WORKSHOP
6. COMMUNICATE
LESSONS LEARNED
7. MONITOR &
ADAPT

Task 1. Defining the locality
Identify and gather context
⎼ Geographical / topographical
⎼ Administrative
⎼ Institutional
⎼ Cultural
⎼ Social

Group listing of species/by-products in use

IMPLEMENTER /
DESIGNER TOC
A. B. C. D.
Decreased pressure on species
from illegal wildlife trade
COMMUNITY TOC
A. B. D.C.
BASELINE TOC
A. B. C. D.
Step 3: Implementer / Designer ToC

A.
Increase
costs of
participating
in IWT
C.
Decrease
costs of
living with
wildlife
D.
Increase
non-wildlife-
based
livelihoods
B.
Increase
incentives
for
stewardship

Stronger and more effective collaboration between well-
capacitated community scouts and well-trained formal
enforcement agencies
Reduced active or tacit community support for poaching / trafficking for IWT
Strengthened community action against internal or external poachers /
traffickers engaged in IWT
Reduced poaching / trafficking for IWT by community
A-I
A-R
A-P
E
F
Formal and traditional disincentive mechanisms are
strengthened, socially acceptable, and applied
Social norms effectively imposed on individuals
engaged in poaching / trafficking for IWT
Reduced recruitment of community members by poachers / traffickers
engaged in IWT
e.g. Strengthen traditional sanctions
protecting wild plants & animals
e.g. Train & equip community
members to act as effective law
enforcement partners
Reduced poaching / trafficking for IWT by outsiders

Informally Ranking the Four Pathways

Introduction to Session 4
Implementer/Designer ToC
©PhilipJ.Briggs

FLoD Methodology
Step 3: Implementer /
Designer ToC

Objectives
• The objective of Step 3 is to construct a
validated Implementer/Designer ToC.

Intended Outputs
• At the end of Step 3, your output should be a
validated Implementer/Designer ToC.

Methods & tools
Methods Tools
Key informant
interview
Developing the
implementer/designer
ToC
Meeting to validate
ToC
 FLoD introductory presentation (Long or
short)
 FLoD interviewee consent form
 FLoD baseline ToC and assumptions
 FLoD implementer/designer ToC
development tool
 FLoD implementer/designer ToC
development tool – instruction sheet

Resources required
Resource Required
Personnel  Two core team members
Materials
 Laptop, power, quiet room without disturbances, projector,
props as suggested
Time
 Interview: one day per implementer/designer
 Construct Implementer/Designer ToC: one day per
implementer/designer
 Validate Implementer/Designer ToC: one day per designer

Tasks
1. Interview Implementer/Designer
2. Construct Implementer/Designer ToC
3. Validate Implementer/Designer ToC

Task 1. Interview Implementer
/ Designer
Implementer /
Designer
FLoD Team

Exploring FLoD Pathways

A reminder of the components of the ToC
ENABLING ACTIONS
INTERVENTIONS
OUTPUTS
CROSS-CUTTING / OVERALL OUTCOMES
PATHWAY OUTCOMES

e.g. Strengthen partnerships between
community scouts & formal LE
agencies
A-I
A-R
A-P
E
F
engaged in IWT
e.g. Train & equip formal LE agents to
act as effective LE partners w/
communities
Ours are
totally
different
Add
another
one

DECREASED PRESSURE ON SPECIES FROM
ILLEGAL WILDLIFE TRADE
.
Exploring assumptions

e.g. Strengthen partnerships between
community scouts & formal LE
agencies
A-I
A-R
A-P
E
F
engaged in IWT
e.g. Train & equip formal LE agents to
act as effective LE partners w/
communities
PATHWAY A – INCREASE COSTS OF
PARTICIPATING IN IWT
e.g. Collaboration between communities and formal
enforcement agencies leads to stronger action against
IWT and not stronger collusion in IWT.
e.g. Better trained, better equipped community
members do not use their more advanced equipment
and training to engage in IWT.
e.g. Intimidation by poachers/traffickers does not deter
community action against IWT.
e.g. The relative risk of being apprehended, arrested or
prosecuted is not so low that it undermines community
action against IWT.
e.g. Poaching/trafficking is reduced to within
sustainable levels.

E
F
engaged in IWT
PATHWAY B - INCREASE
INCENTIVES FOR
STEWARDSHIP
e.g. Support other activities to
generate livelihoods & other
benefitsfrom wild plants &
animals
Communities recognise and access tangible and
intangible benefits from wild plants and animals
Communities are more empowered to manage and
benefit from wild plants and animals
B-I
B-R
B-P
Communities value wild plants and animals
more as a result of increased benefits
e.g. Recognise & profile
effective community
approaches against poaching /
trafficking for IWT
e.g. Support / reinvigorate
traditional values around wild
plants & animals
e.g. Generate / support paid
jobs for local people as
community scouts
e.g. The relative value of illegal wildlife products is not so
high that corruption undermines community action against
IWT.
e.g. The full suite of benefits (tangible and intangible) from
wild plants and animals are enough to deter poaching.
e.g. Benefits are distributed widely enough to ensure that
the wider community, rather than just a few individuals,
values wild plants and animals.
e.g. Communities have rights to benefit from managing and
using wild plants and animals.

E
F
engaged in IWT
PATHWAY C - DECREASE
COSTS OF LIVING WITH
WILDLIFE
e.g. Support practical approaches to deterring problem animals
at the site level
Costs to communities imposed by presence of
wildlife are reduced
Communities can mitigate conflict better
Decreased antagonism toward wildlife
C-P
C-R
e.g. Support insurance,
compensation or offset
schemes that reduce the cost
of living with wildlife
e.g. Support land use planning
that reduces the human-wildlife
interface
C-I
e.g. The full costs of living with wildlife are known and
can be quantified
e.g. Resources and tools are available to mitigate HWC
e.g. Communities with decreased antagonism towards
wildlife have a decreased incentive to directly or
indirectly support IWT.
e.g. Communities with greater ability to mitigate HWC
(resources, tools, policies) feel less antagonism towards
wildlife.
e.g. The relative risk of being apprehended, arrested or
prosecuted is not so low that it undermines community
action against IWT.

E
F
engaged in IWT
PATHWAY D – INCREASE
NON-WILDLIFE BASED
LIVELIHOODS
e.g. Support interventions to generate livelihood
options from non-wildlife-based activities
Communities have a greater diversity of non-
wildlife-based livelihood options
D-I
Viable non-wildlife-based livelihood strategies in
place & generating sufficient income to substitute for
poaching income
D-R
D-P
e.g. Non-wildlife-based livelihoods generate enough
income to substitute or remove the incentive for
engaging in IWT, rather than acting as additional
income to IWT.
e.g. Non-wildlife-based livelihoods have sustainable
markets and supply chains.
e.g. Non-wildlife-based livelihood schemes do not
generate perverse incentives — eg, money earned is
not reinvested in poaching or in other land uses that
negatively affect conservation.

IMPLEMENTER /
DESIGNER TOC
A. B. C. D.
COMMUNITY TOC
A. B. D.C.
BASELINE TOC
A. B. C. D.
Task 2. Construct Implementer
/ Designer ToC

Task 3. Validate Implementer /
Designer ToC
IMPLEMENTER /
DESIGNER TOC
A. B. C. D.

Outputs Checklist
✅ A validated Implementer/Designer ToC

Communities Combatting
Illegal Wildlife Trade
Final Comments or Questions?

Communities Combating Illegal Wildlife Trade session four

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