This session aimed to allow the participants to have full understanding of the different formats in which the DSTs have been packaged and to see what improvements have been made to the DSTs since the last annual review meeting in Mwanza. There were various ways of packaging the recommendations; Smartphone app Paper-based tools: flyers, manuals, lookup tables and maps Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD) Interactive Voice Response (IVR) The smartphone app is to be downloaded from google app store. The app collects user defined variables like location, size of land, etc. asking questions in a stepwise manner and it interacts with the prediction engine on the server to provide recommendations directly on the smartphone or via SMS or email. The paper-based tools summarize the recommendations made using most logical values for input variables and present them using tables and maps. The USSD approach requires the user to dial in a code which will let users answer several questions to define their location, resources and other conditions and as in the smartphone app it interacts with the prediction engine to provide tailored recommendation via SMS. The IVR method presents the same questions as in the smartphone app and USSD but in IVR users will listen to the questions and select the answer from the provided choices of numbers.

1. Packaging Decision Support
Advancing the format of ACAI DSTs
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2. General approach
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Develop and facilitate use of site-specific agronomy recommendations at scale…
Understanding of A × E interactions
(Agronomy × Environment)
Extrapolate recommendations
across target intervention area
Supply recommendations
Practical field tool
Model processes
Build prediction models
Scale the use of the tools
within partner networks

3. What process is used for tool development?
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V0 (concept)
Literature-based
V1 (prototype)
Experimental data
V2 (pilot tool)
Validated
VF (ready tool)
N x validated
2016 2017 2018 2019

4. Validation exercises – pilot study
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Validation requires many, simple evaluations of the recommendations.
1. Functional validation
2. Architectural validation

5. electronic tools
Paper-based tools
The format and “look and feel” of the tools
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Various ways of packaging the recommendations…
questionnaire
maps
decision trees
budget tables
desktop software
smartphone app
USSD
interactive
voice
response
Radio +
SMS

6. Happier customers: Interactive Voice Response
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DEMO available from VIAMO (www.viamo.com):
Dial +234 813 986 1022; you will be disconnected, then receive a call.

7. Full flexibility: a smartphone app
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Demo version 1.0.8 available on:
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.masgeek.fertilizerestimate

8. Simpler but still digital: USSD
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Check it out on:
https://simulator.africastalking.com:1517/ Use USSD code *384*6142#

9. Full circle: back to paper
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10. Fertilizer recommendations in Oyo and Ogun state for cassava
Recommended rates of fertilizer (urea, TSP and MOP) in kg per hectare, and expected yield response in tonnes per hectare
State LGA
Urea
rate
TSP
rate
MOP
rate
Extra
yield
Urea
rate
TSP
rate
MOP
rate
Extra
yield
Urea
rate
TSP
rate
MOP
rate
Extra
yield
Urea
rate
TSP
rate
MOP
rate
Extra
yield
Urea
rate
TSP
rate
MOP
rate
Extra
yield
Urea
rate
TSP
rate
MOP
rate
Extra
yield
Urea
rate
TSP
rate
MOP
rate
Extra
yield
Urea
rate
TSP
rate
MOP
rate
Extra
yield
Urea
rate
TSP
rate
MOP
rate
Extra
yield
Urea
rate
TSP
rate
MOP
rate
Extra
yield
Urea
rate
TSP
rate
MOP
rate
Extra
yield
Urea
rate
TSP
rate
MOP
rate
Extra
yield
Ogun Abeokuta North 260 - 169 17 272 - 157 17 252 - 176 16 215 - 169 13 144 - 119 8 45 - 36 3 - - - - - - - - 37 - 37 2 60 - 47 3 176 - 135 10 243 - 177 15
Ogun Abeokuta South 253 16 174 16 253 16 173 16 254 16 168 15 205 - 163 12 87 - 91 7 92 - 86 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - 55 - 52 3 174 - 162 10 238 - 167 13
Ogun Ado Odo/Ota 241 - 182 16 258 - 166 17 249 - 175 16 229 - 189 15 186 - 178 12 134 - 135 8 33 - 35 2 - - - - 39 - 39 2 47 - 50 3 103 - 101 6 216 - 188 14
Ogun Egbado /Yewa North 268 19 148 17 278 20 137 17 262 19 154 17 233 13 165 15 166 - 132 10 75 - 69 5 49 - 51 3 - - - - - - - - 57 - 46 3 161 - 119 9 248 16 163 16
Ogun Egbado /Yewa South 261 27 143 17 266 27 137 17 261 26 142 17 247 - 159 16 203 - 191 14 156 - 158 10 54 - 56 3 - - - - 28 - 31 2 40 - 43 3 127 - 116 7 247 13 159 16
Ogun Ewekoro 253 19 152 16 260 21 145 17 254 18 152 16 227 - 175 15 180 - 177 12 121 - 118 8 63 - 65 3 - - - - 45 - 48 3 73 - 79 5 145 - 139 9 233 - 172 15
Ogun Ifo 243 18 167 16 255 21 155 17 247 18 163 17 232 - 176 15 187 - 185 12 140 - 156 9 61 - 64 4 - - - - 44 - 53 3 61 - 66 3 102 - 106 6 218 - 180 14
Ogun Ijebu East 252 14 164 17 265 17 148 17 257 - 158 17 236 - 185 16 191 - 195 13 146 - 151 9 46 - 52 3 - - - - 65 - 70 4 64 - 67 4 133 - 137 8 230 - 189 16
Ogun Ijebu North 264 - 156 17 276 17 142 17 264 - 156 17 225 - 199 15 176 - 179 11 120 - 118 6 - - - 2 - - - - 48 - 46 3 80 - 78 4 154 - 155 10 236 - 192 16
Ogun Ijebu North-East 257 23 144 17 262 31 137 17 257 16 145 17 223 - 195 15 174 - 202 12 138 - 145 8 - - 27 2 30 - 36 - - - - 2 - - - - 105 - 117 7 227 - 186 15
Ogun Ijebu-Ode 255 23 150 17 263 28 142 17 259 27 146 17 240 - 172 16 194 - 202 13 154 - 167 10 64 - 64 3 - - - - 27 - 30 2 32 - 34 2 107 - 108 7 234 - 178 16
Ogun Ikenne 255 20 157 17 265 20 145 17 257 14 154 17 235 - 184 16 191 - 195 13 141 - 146 8 35 - 35 2 - - - - - - - - - - - 2 116 - 120 7 227 - 193 15
Ogun Imeko-Afon 266 24 145 17 277 24 134 18 262 23 149 17 226 - 165 14 144 - 124 8 63 - 50 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - 71 - 58 4 186 - 148 11 252 16 155 16
Ogun Ipokia 251 - 173 16 273 14 150 17 249 - 172 16 229 - 182 15 184 - 166 11 107 - 105 6 34 - 38 3 - - - - - - - 2 54 - 58 3 99 - 92 6 222 - 181 14
Ogun Obafemi-Owode 259 20 149 17 267 23 140 17 260 21 147 17 232 - 179 15 181 - 179 12 121 - 114 7 29 - 31 2 - - - - - - - 2 66 - 68 4 160 - 153 10 238 - 174 16
Ogun Odeda 270 - 162 17 283 - 149 17 261 - 172 17 219 - 185 14 148 - 130 8 49 - 40 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - 86 - 77 5 205 - 180 13 248 - 184 16
Ogun Odogbolu 242 15 166 17 258 24 143 17 256 21 147 17 239 13 171 16 205 - 202 15 166 - 188 11 80 - 90 5 - - - - 36 - 42 3 54 - 60 3 102 - 111 7 220 - 191 15
Ogun Ogun 257 16 160 17 269 18 147 17 257 15 159 17 230 - 178 15 175 - 165 11 111 - 111 7 38 - 41 2 - - - - 32 - 34 2 63 - 61 4 148 - 135 9 235 - 178 15
Ogun Ogun Waterside 249 - 170 17 257 - 159 17 252 - 167 17 236 - 187 16 195 - 192 13 143 - 150 9 38 - 46 3 - - - - 41 - 46 3 76 - 82 4 157 - 162 10 226 - 197 16
Ogun Remo-North 257 - 176 16 273 - 159 17 261 - 172 17 222 - 209 15 170 - 168 10 102 - 94 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - 67 - 61 4 161 - 158 10 229 - 206 15
Ogun Shagamu 232 - 179 16 256 13 161 17 252 13 166 17 231 - 189 16 187 - 190 12 130 - 137 8 41 - 45 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - 85 - 90 5 199 - 186 13
Oyo Afijio 269 14 148 17 278 16 136 17 256 14 162 17 217 - 171 14 147 - 120 8 37 - 37 3 37 - 37 2 - - - - - - - - 69 - 59 4 193 - 162 12 244 13 175 16
Oyo Akinyele 283 - 165 18 298 - 147 18 264 - 184 17 225 - 185 14 146 - 114 8 - - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - 81 - 65 4 216 - 174 13 248 - 195 17
Oyo Atiba 248 38 131 17 252 38 126 17 247 37 132 17 221 24 155 15 160 13 149 11 75 - 79 5 49 - 55 3 - - - - - - - - 64 - 67 4 190 17 158 13 237 30 145 16
Oyo Atisbo 247 16 169 16 267 18 147 17 248 16 167 16 208 - 172 13 114 - 113 7 50 - 55 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - 46 - 47 3 173 - 159 11 226 - 180 15
Oyo Egbeda 250 - 177 16 265 - 160 17 252 - 176 16 214 - 190 14 145 - 137 8 45 - 40 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - 71 - 65 4 187 - 173 11 228 - 194 15
Oyo Ibadan North 228 - 216 15 252 - 179 16 237 - 200 15 192 - 190 11 109 - 106 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 47 - 46 2 157 - 143 8 200 - 209 13
Oyo Ibadan North-East 261 33 133 17 261 33 133 17 260 33 134 17 218 - 195 15 156 - 174 10 65 - 75 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - 74 - 79 4 186 - 209 13 242 - 160 16
Oyo Ibadan North-West 242 - 210 16 266 - 186 17 236 - 215 16 193 - 176 11 110 - 94 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 58 - 52 2 189 - 156 10 222 - 219 14
Oyo Ibadan South-West 251 - 181 16 255 14 176 17 251 - 175 15 195 - 171 11 82 - 75 6 60 - 46 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - 66 - 57 3 182 - 171 11 231 - 194 14
Oyo Ibarapa Central 279 13 147 18 285 13 142 18 268 - 155 17 224 - 158 14 147 - 108 8 93 - 56 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - 104 - 72 6 218 - 154 13 267 - 156 17
Oyo Ibarapa East 249 35 135 17 254 35 130 17 243 33 139 16 215 29 136 14 152 16 123 10 94 - 88 6 44 - 44 2 - - - - - - - - 110 - 89 7 207 27 132 14 240 33 142 16
Oyo Ibarapa North 257 32 131 17 261 33 127 17 247 29 141 16 217 25 142 14 150 15 116 10 87 - 76 5 33 - 33 2 - - - - - - - - 111 - 86 7 213 23 144 14 247 29 141 16
Oyo Ido 270 - 165 17 284 - 150 17 256 - 179 16 210 - 178 13 133 - 106 7 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 77 - 63 4 199 - 169 12 245 - 184 16
Oyo Irepo 223 - 169 14 245 14 172 16 248 15 170 16 202 - 170 12 102 - 98 6 41 - 33 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 75 - 72 5 173 - 153 10
Oyo Iseyin 231 47 126 16 234 48 124 16 229 47 128 16 212 42 128 15 159 31 131 12 97 - 104 7 48 - 59 3 - - - - - - - - 128 18 104 9 209 42 127 15 227 46 128 16
Oyo Itesiwaju 257 16 159 17 273 18 140 17 248 15 168 16 205 - 170 13 113 - 107 6 49 - 48 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - 75 - 69 4 200 - 166 13 238 14 178 16
Oyo Iwajowa 246 28 148 17 259 29 134 17 243 28 150 16 212 24 156 14 139 15 118 9 67 - 74 5 29 - 36 2 - - - - - - - - 84 - 77 5 191 21 148 12 229 26 161 16
Oyo Kajola 253 27 139 16 260 28 131 17 244 25 150 16 207 21 162 14 136 14 117 9 58 - 61 4 35 - 39 2 - - - - - - - - 95 - 82 6 208 21 162 14 235 21 161 16
Oyo Lagelu 270 - 172 17 286 - 150 17 259 - 184 16 215 - 195 14 141 - 116 7 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 72 - 59 4 199 - 174 12 237 - 205 16
Oyo Ogbomosho North 234 - 204 15 287 - 173 18 237 - 215 16 189 - 159 10 75 - 59 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 103 - 83 5 197 - 174 11
Oyo Ogbomosho South 252 - 193 15 302 - 145 17 258 - 191 16 206 - 174 12 112 - 84 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 102 - 84 5 210 - 178 12
Oyo Ogo Oluwa 265 - 176 17 286 - 158 18 250 - 189 16 201 - 157 12 104 - 78 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 63 - 54 3 174 - 141 10 233 - 187 15
Oyo Olorunsogo 246 18 164 16 261 21 150 17 247 18 166 17 204 - 180 13 117 - 119 7 39 - 40 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - 45 - 45 3 148 - 148 9 215 - 180 14
Oyo Oluyole 276 - 155 17 286 - 144 18 273 - 158 17 231 - 194 15 169 - 154 10 78 - 66 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - 91 - 82 5 211 - 191 13 249 - 183 16
Oyo Ona Ara 279 - 156 17 284 - 150 17 268 - 169 17 223 - 200 14 158 - 141 9 60 - 53 3 - - - - - - - - 30 - - 2 92 - 80 5 203 - 185 13 249 - 188 16
Oyo Orelope 230 - 179 15 250 - 176 16 237 - 182 15 177 - 166 11 71 - 75 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 102 - 106 6 188 - 171 11
Oyo Ori-Ire 247 - 182 16 278 - 157 17 242 - 192 16 193 - 174 11 93 - 86 5 - - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 127 - 119 7 210 - 187 13
Oyo Oyo East 258 - 189 17 268 - 181 18 242 - 189 15 181 - 151 10 83 - 59 4 51 - 32 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - 51 - 37 2 184 - 148 10 241 - 188 15
Oyo Oyo West 241 40 132 16 245 41 128 17 240 40 131 16 215 36 133 15 158 20 131 11 94 - 94 6 36 - 36 2 - - - - - - - - 103 - 90 7 201 31 126 14 234 40 131 16
Oyo Saki East 219 - 183 14 252 - 177 16 235 - 189 15 177 - 159 10 65 - 64 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 26 - - 2 113 - 107 6 181 - 163 11
Oyo Saki West 234 - 200 15 263 - 177 17 240 - 199 16 185 - 171 11 65 - 62 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 137 - 129 7 204 - 191 12
Oyo Surulere 264 - 168 17 286 - 154 18 250 - 188 16 202 - 180 12 110 - 101 6 - - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - 73 - 70 4 168 - 154 10 230 - 180 15
DecemberJanuary February March April May June July August September October November
Even simpler: just lookup
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11. Trade-off between cost/effort/time and tailoring
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12. KEY QUESTIONS
In what format / how do DSTs best fit within DPs strategy?
What are EAs preferences and capacity to work with DSTs?
What are HHs capacity and willingness to apply DST advice?
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13. www.iita.org | www.cgiar.org | www.acai-project.org
Thank you!
Questions?
Funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation