Supplementary feeding of dairy cattle in Kenya and India is limited due to several factors. Farmers perceive concentrate feeds to be too expensive and increase the cost of milk production without adequate returns. There are also issues with inappropriate use of feeds, including not knowing when or how much to feed based on nutrient requirements or forage quality. Delivery of feeds faces challenges like lack of quality standards enforcement, adulteration, unqualified staff, and limited and costly testing. Interventions could focus on improving delivery, markets, and quality control of concentrate feeds. Developing strategic feeding guidelines based on diet and production, as well as micro-sizing affordable amounts of supplements, could help promote appropriate use at the farm level. Complete ration feeding approaches show economic advantages