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Below-ground Insect Pests of Peanut

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Ayanava Majumdar (Dr. A), Alabama Cooperative Extension System
Ayanava Majumdar (Dr. A), Alabama Cooperative Extension System

This document discusses various below-ground insect pests that affect peanut crops, including burrower bugs, whitefringed beetles, southern corn rootworm, lesser cornstalk borer, wireworms, and cutworms. For each pest, the document covers occurrence, host range, identification, overwintering stage, damage symptoms, and scouting techniques. It provides recommendations for scouting methods and economic thresholds. Control options discussed include insecticides for different pests and the factors that influence their efficacy.

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Below-ground Insect Pests of Peanut Dr. Ayanava Majumdar Extension Entomologist, ACES Gulf Coast Research and Extension Center 8300 State Hwy 104, Fairhope, AL 36532 Email: [email_address] Cell phone: 251-331-8416 Fax: 251-990-8912
Extension Survey ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What attract insects to peanut pods? Insect types: Foliar insects Soil-air interface Exclusively soil dwelling CO 2 HEAT EXUDATES
Burrower bugs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Hemiptera: Cydnidae
Damage by burrower bugs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Scouting techniques (burrower bugs) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Pitfall trap with metal guide & cover Spade sampling
Whitefringed beetles ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Coleoptera: Curculionidae
Damage by whitefringed beetles ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Scouting techniques (whitefringed beetles) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Southern corn rootworm ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae
Damage by southern corn rootworm ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Scouting techniques (southern corn rootworm) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Lesser cornstalk borer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Lepidoptera: Pyralidae
Damage by lesser cornstalk borer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Scouting techniques (lesser cornstalk borer) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Wireworms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Coleoptera: Elateridae
Damage by wireworms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Scouting techniques (wireworms) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cutworms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Lepidoptera: Noctuidae Agrotis ipsilon Agrotis subterranea
Scouting techniques (cutworms) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Other sporadic insect pests White grubs ( Phyllophaga spp.) May/June Beetles 1-4 year life cycle Problem after sod Bahiagrass borer ( Derobrachus brevicollis) Large head of larva Problem after bahiagrass
Scouting recommendations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Scouting recommendations (contd.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Insecticides for soil insects ,[object Object],[object Object],Cutworms Indoxacarb Cyfluthrin Gamma-cyhalo. Lamdba-cyhalo. Methomyl Zeta-cypermeth. LCSB Chlorpyrifos (banded over row and pegging zone) SCRW Chlorpyrifos (banded over row and pegging zone) Wireworms Chlorpyrifos (preplant broadcast spray on soil + incorporate OR banded) Burrower bugs Chlorpyrifos (banded over row)
Take home message for today…
Extension Survey ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Questions?
Armyworms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Lepidoptera: Noctuidae Spodoptera exigua Spodoptera frugiperda
Insect pest management system in peanut Based on Dhaliwal & Arora, 1994
SOIL INSECT PESTS OF PEANUT Questions?

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Below-ground Insect Pests of Peanut

  • 1. Below-ground Insect Pests of Peanut Dr. Ayanava Majumdar Extension Entomologist, ACES Gulf Coast Research and Extension Center 8300 State Hwy 104, Fairhope, AL 36532 Email: [email_address] Cell phone: 251-331-8416 Fax: 251-990-8912
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  • 3. What attract insects to peanut pods? Insect types: Foliar insects Soil-air interface Exclusively soil dwelling CO 2 HEAT EXUDATES
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  • 21. Other sporadic insect pests White grubs ( Phyllophaga spp.) May/June Beetles 1-4 year life cycle Problem after sod Bahiagrass borer ( Derobrachus brevicollis) Large head of larva Problem after bahiagrass
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  • 25. Take home message for today…
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  • 28. Insect pest management system in peanut Based on Dhaliwal & Arora, 1994
  • 29. SOIL INSECT PESTS OF PEANUT Questions?

Notas del editor

  1. Alabama peanut production acres in 2008 = 191,000 acres; average state production = 3,300 lbs; total production = 630,000 lbs; value of crop = $73 million (2007 prices)