The document discusses the Norman Conquest of England beginning with Vikings raiding parts of Europe but also being craftsmen and farmers. A Viking named Rollo terrorized parts of France until signing a treaty. This led to the Normans, or Northmen, and the Norman Conquest beginning under Duke William of Normandy who sought to take the British Isles during a time when it was divided. Key figures mentioned include Alfred the Great, Edward the Confessor who died, and Harold Godwinson who became the last Anglo-Saxon English king but lost to William at the Battle of Hastings.