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URBAN ECONOMY
Group C
CITIES AS DRIVERS OF ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT
Chapter 3
2
GROUP ( C ) Architecture
Office Use
Name F/Name Roll NO Lecturer
Iftikhar Ahmad Abdul Rauf Haqyar 7 Prof. Najib Wali
Zainullah 14 Date Received
Muhammad Nasim Abdul Hakim 18 DD/MM/YYYY
Khaleel-ul-Rshmsn 24 Approved
Hizbullah 27 Yes/No
Noorulhaq Thor Jan 48 Grade
Khaleel Ahmad 53 NN%
Esmatullah Ahmad Shah 57
‫الرحیم‬ ‫الرحمن‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫بسم‬
Outlines
3.3. Ways forward
3.2. The urban economy
3.1. Macroeconomic
context
02
04
01
03
URBAN ECONOMY: CITIES AS
DRIVERS OF ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT
❖ Although the majority of the Afghan population is engaged in
agricultural activity, agriculture only accounts for approximately
one-quarter (24.6%) of total Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
❖ Largely ‘urban’ economic activities (such as wholesale and
retail trade, manufacturing, public administration, services,
transport and construction) have increasingly been driving the
Afghan economy, and now comprise roughly three-quarters of
total GDP.
❖ Cities, therefore, play a fundamental and increasingly
important role in Afghanistan’s economy.
URBAN ECONOMY: CITIES AS
DRIVERS OF ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT – con.
❖ The services, manufacturing and construction sectors in Kabul
and the regional trading hubs of Kandahar, Herat, Mazar-i-
Sharif, as well as some secondary trading and transit hubs such
as Kunduz, have experienced a massive surge of growth over the
past decade, largely due to an influx of foreign aid.
❖ However, these sectors have been shrinking in recent years due
to the international military drawdown, protracted 2014
election process and general uncertainty around Afghanistan’s
security and stability.
❖ Unemployment and underemployment: Close to 80% of poor
urban households have only one income earner or none at all.
Youth unemployment will increase given that 49% of
Afghanistan’s population is under the age of 15.
URBAN ECONOMY: CITIES AS
DRIVERS OF ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT – con.
❖ Informality is at the core of urban life in Afghanistan. 90% of
economic activity in Afghanistan occurs in the informal sector.
❖ Urban poverty is pervasive & requires serious attention. In 2011,
1/3 of urban Afghans lived in poverty (29%); increases further.
❖ Afghanistan’s large cities can help in economic growth but
requires increased investment in key urban economic
infrastructure (industrial parks, roads, electricity, etc.), a
higher skilled workforce, and improved governance to promote
private sector confidence and investment.
3.1 Macroeconomic Context
Afghanistan’s annual GDP
stands at an estimated
20.3 billion USD in 2013.
GDP grew by an average of
9% per year between 2004
and 2013, but the GDP
growth rate has begun to
decrease: falling sharply
from 11% (2012-13) to 6%
(2013-14).
as the “protracted
political transition a
further blow to
confidence in the non-
agriculture
sectors.”
As of 2013, over half (51.8%) of Afghanistan’s GDP was derived
from ‘services’ (Telecoms, Information Technology (IT),
transportation, retail trade, etc.), which had been steadily
increasing since 2002.
Economic growth and sector contributions
Agriculture
as “Shock
Absorber’’
The sector is not modernized to the extent
where technology can provide some safety net
to mitigate external factors. However,
agriculture, particularly peri-urban agriculture,
is likely to be an important ‘shock absorber’
over the coming years as international funds
become less significant in Afghanistan’s
economy and the services sector may not be
able to maintain the relatively high levels of
growth of recent years.
The service sector now comprises over
half of GDP (52%), whilst manufacturing
comprises 10%, and construction 8%.
Figure 3.1
Growth rates of products in different years
Figure 3.1
Sectors Annual help/contribution to GDP
Growth
Figure 3.2
Trade:
❖ Although Afghanistan’s exports have increased over the years, its
imports are still relatively high leading to a large trade deficit.
Exports equate to only 6% of GDP, while its imports equated to
47% of total GDP in 2014. This is less than half the figure from
neighbouring countries for example India (25%); Tajikistan
(19%) and Pakistan (13%).
❖ Exports have increased from 141 million Euros in 2003 to 471
million Euros in 2013. over the same time period imports have
increased from 1,423 million Euros to 6,484 million Euros.
❖ Afghanistan’s main export trading partners are India (146m
Euros, 2013) and Pakistan (130m Euros, 2013), while its imports
mostly originate from Pakistan (1,788m Euros, 2013), USA
(1,189m Euros, 2013) and the EU (612m Euros, 2013).
Employment:
❖ Despite significant improvements in education indicators over
the last ten years, a very significant proportion of Afghanistan’s
workforce remains unskilled. Data from the World Bank
Enterprise Survey (2014) indicates that more than 40% of the
workforce is unskilled.
❖ There is a risk that the shortage of skilled labour is further
exacerbated by ‘brain drain’. In urban centres, a massive
emigration of the most educated and skilled youth may soon
become a reality as a significant portion of the 400,000 youth
who join the labour market every year choose to migrate to
neighbouring Iran and Pakistan in the absence of work
opportunities in their native cities,
The informal economy:
❖ Formal wage employment is the exception in Afghanistan,
including in cities. It is estimated that up to 90% of economic
activity in Afghanistan occurs in the informal sector. The bulk of
the labor force is employed by the informal economy working in
petty trade, construction (as day workers), brick making, etc.
Paid by the day (often at a rate of 250 - 350 AFN (4.4 - 6.3 USD)
for an unskilled worker), many urban workers make considerably
less money in the winter than in the summer.
❖ The narcotics industry arguably comprises the largest share of
informal economic activity. Drug-related activities (including
opium production and processing) were estimated to equate to
9% of GDP in 2011, significantly lower than their estimated 50%
share in 2003.
❖ The total area under opium poppy cultivation in Afghanistan was
estimated at 224,000 hectares in 2014, a 7% increase from the
previous year and the highest on record.
OFFICIAL UNEMPLOYMENT AND UNDER-
EMPLOYMENT, 2011/12
Figure 3.3
OPIUM PRODUCTION AND AREA UNDER
CULTIVATION, 2002-2013
Figure 3.4
3.2 THE URBAN ECONOMY
‫یوه‬
‫رسوې‬
‫ي‬
‫چ‬
‫په‬
،‫بلخ‬
،‫کندز‬
‫بدخشان‬
‫ي‬
‫و‬‫ا‬
‫ي‬
‫ر‬‫تخا‬
‫واليتون‬
‫ي‬
‫ک‬
‫پر‬
۹۴
‫فيصده‬
‫ي‬
‫و‬‫کمپني‬
‫سوې‬
‫وه‬
‫ي‬
‫ا‬‫د‬
‫ګنده‬
‫څر‬
‫کړل‬
‫ي‬
‫چ‬
‫دوی‬
‫که‬
‫څه‬
‫هم‬
‫ټول‬
‫په‬
‫دې‬
‫پ‬
‫وهيدل‬
‫ي‬
‫چ‬
‫ي‬
‫د‬‫باي‬
‫په‬
‫ي‬
‫رسم‬
‫ډول‬
‫ثبت‬
‫وي‬
‫ي‬
‫و‬‫خ‬
‫ي‬
‫ا‬‫بي‬
‫هم‬
‫يوازي‬
۱۰
‫فيصده‬
‫ي‬
‫کمپن‬
‫ي‬
‫د‬
‫افغانست‬
‫ان‬
‫ي‬
‫د‬
‫ي‬
‫پانګون‬
‫ي‬
‫د‬
‫ي‬
‫ړ‬‫مالت‬
‫ادارې‬
(AISA)
‫رسه‬
‫او‬
۹
‫فيصده‬
‫ي‬
‫د‬
‫تجارت‬
‫ي‬
‫و‬‫ا‬
‫صنعت‬
‫ي‬
‫د‬
‫ارت‬‫ز‬‫و‬
‫رسه‬
‫ثبت‬
‫لود‬‫ر‬‫د‬
.
‫يوعمده‬
‫مشکل‬
‫ي‬
‫چ‬
‫له‬
‫ي‬
‫وچ‬
‫ي‬
‫ن‬
‫ارداديان‬‫ر‬‫ق‬
‫ي‬
‫د‬‫او‬
‫ي‬
‫و‬‫کتون‬ ‫ر‬
‫رس‬
‫مسؤل‬
‫ي‬
‫ي‬
‫نه‬
‫غواړي‬
‫ي‬
‫و‬‫ترڅ‬
‫خپل‬
‫ي‬
‫د‬
‫فعاليت‬
‫ل‬
‫پاره‬
‫ي‬
‫قانون‬
‫ي‬
‫ز‬‫جوا‬
‫ترالسه‬
‫کړي‬
‫هغ‬
‫ه‬
‫ک‬
‫در‬
‫دی‬
‫ي‬
‫چ‬
‫ي‬
‫د‬
‫تجارت‬
‫ثبتول‬
‫ي‬
‫و‬‫ا‬
‫ي‬
‫قانون‬
‫کول‬
‫زيات‬
‫لګښت‬
‫لري‬
،
‫مؤثره‬‫غي‬
‫ي‬
‫و‬‫ا‬
‫ي‬
‫د‬
‫ي‬
‫د‬‫فسا‬
‫څخه‬
‫ډک‬
‫ک‬
‫ي‬
‫ر‬‫ا‬
‫دی‬
.
‫په‬
‫ي‬
‫غي‬
‫ي‬
‫رسم‬
‫ي‬
‫د‬‫اقتصا‬
‫ي‬
‫ک‬
‫ي‬
‫زر‬
‫اعت‬
‫ي‬
‫چ‬
‫يوازي‬
‫ي‬
‫د‬
‫ي‬
‫ر‬‫ګ‬
‫بز‬
‫مصارف‬
‫ي‬
‫پور‬
‫ه‬
،‫کوي‬
‫څارويو‬
‫روزنه‬
،
‫جنس‬
‫په‬
‫جنس‬
‫اکړه‬‫ر‬
‫کړه‬
‫ور‬
‫ي‬
‫و‬‫ا‬
‫ي‬
‫ځين‬
‫پ‬
‫ه‬
‫کښته‬
‫درجه‬
‫فعاليتونه‬
‫لک‬
‫ه‬
،‫قاچاق‬
‫ي‬
‫د‬
‫ي‬
‫د‬‫اوار‬‫ر‬
‫ي‬
‫و‬‫شوي‬
‫ي‬
‫و‬‫اجناس‬
‫صادرول‬
‫ي‬
‫و‬‫ا‬
‫حواله‬
‫سيسټمونه‬
‫شامل‬
‫دی‬
.
‫طرحي‬ ‫لپاره‬ ‫پرمختګ‬ ‫او‬ ‫ودې‬ ‫د‬ ‫سکټورونو‬ ‫شخصي‬ ‫د‬
‫اصالحات‬ ‫او‬
:
❖
‫يسکټورونويديودېياويپرمختګيلپارهيپهي‬‫ديشخص‬
۲۰۰۳
‫يديافغانستانيدي‬‫ميکاليک‬
‫يديمالتړيادارهي‬‫پانګون‬
(AISA)
‫ايط‬ ‫ر‬
‫يرس‬ ‫ې‬
‫يديجوازياخيستلويلپارهين‬‫امنځهيسوليچ‬‫ر‬
‫وضعيکړل‬
.
‫دي‬
۲۰۰۴
‫ي‬
‫و‬‫يديمهم‬‫کونهيچ‬
‫يپار‬‫يحکومتيصنعن‬‫وعيک‬ ‫ر‬
‫کاليپهيرس‬
‫زيربناووي‬
‫يوهيپهينيمهيښاري‬‫لودونک‬‫ر‬‫کونهياوينورويد‬‫ړ‬
‫يرس‬‫يډامي‬،‫ې‬‫يذخي‬،‫لکهيبرق‬
‫يپهييوهي‬‫سيموک‬
‫امنځتهيکړل‬‫ر‬‫ي‬‫محدودهيساحهيک‬
.
‫ياويم‬‫هيبيايهميساختمان‬ ‫ې‬
‫بي‬‫رس‬‫پريهغهي‬
‫ي‬‫حيط‬
،‫ييپاتهيسول‬ ‫ږ‬
‫يديتجارتياويصنعتيديزيانمنيکيدويسببيکي‬‫مشکالتيچ‬
‫ي‬‫ساختمان‬
‫يديبريښ‬،‫يسکټوريلپارهيدينظميقوانينوينشتون‬‫مشکالتيلکهيديشخص‬
‫نايپالنټياوي‬
‫ييثابتيس‬‫ياويديغي‬‫ينأمن‬،‫يستونزييلکهيتضاد‬‫يمحيط‬،‫کانالونوينشتون‬
‫يحالتي‬‫ياس‬
‫امنځتهيکړېيده‬‫ر‬‫شتونيپهيتجارتيناباوريي‬
.
‫يافغانس‬‫دغهيعلتونهيوهيچ‬
‫تانيپهي‬
۲۰۱۴
‫يديتجارتياوياقتصاديلهيپلوهيدي‬‫ميکاليپهينړيواليبانکيک‬
۱۸۹
‫څخهي‬
۱۸۳
‫لود‬‫ر‬‫مقاميد‬
.
‫يم‬‫توليدييخدماتياويتجارتيپهيافغانستانيک‬
‫همي‬
‫ام‬‫ر‬‫يکارييفرصتونهي‬‫اقتصادييسکټوريدیيچ‬
‫نځتهي‬
‫کوي‬
.
‫يپهياوسطيډوليډاک‬‫پهيافغانيښارونويک‬
‫ي‬،‫ان‬ ‫ړ‬
‫ي‬
‫يلک‬‫کونک‬
‫يکار‬‫يدولن‬‫يکارمندانياويغي‬‫صح‬
‫ه‬
:
‫ي‬،‫يان‬‫مسي‬
‫ي‬
‫و‬‫يديصنعتيا‬‫ياويهغهيچ‬‫کونک‬
‫يکار‬‫ساختمان‬
‫توليديپهي‬
‫يکاريکوييپهيلوړهيدرجهيعايديلري‬‫برخهيک‬
.
‫ي‬‫اعن‬‫ر‬‫ز‬
‫يهيبنسټون‬‫يخي‬،‫انيچوپانان‬‫ر‬‫ګ‬
‫يبز‬‫برخهيک‬
‫يدي‬،‫کونک‬
‫ويکار‬
‫انيديک‬‫ر‬‫ياويکښتګ‬‫ياويروزونک‬‫څارويويخرڅونک‬
‫ښتهي‬
‫يدي‬‫عايديلرونک‬
‫فعالیت‬ ‫مسلکي‬ ‫پر‬
‫ونو‬
‫کتنه‬ ‫عمده‬ ‫یوه‬
‫کابل‬
❖
‫ديکابليواليتي‬
۸۰
‫يکابليديټول‬‫ييځکهيچ‬ ‫ږ‬ ‫ې‬
‫ياوسي‬‫فيصدهينفوسيپهيښاريک‬
‫هيواديپهي‬
‫يپرمختګيکړیيدی‬‫نسبتيزياتيصنعن‬
.
‫ي‬
‫و‬‫کز‬
‫ياويادارييمر‬‫ديزياتويتجارن‬
‫نويشتونيدي‬
‫امنځتهيک‬‫ر‬‫يکارييفرصتونهي‬‫کابليک‬
‫ز‬‫ک‬
‫دېيسببيسویيدیيترڅويپهيمر‬
‫ړي‬
.
‫کابليښاري‬
‫ي‬
‫اتلونک‬‫ر‬‫اخيدويچارييبهيپهي‬‫ر‬‫يدييوهيديپ‬‫کونهيلرييچ‬
‫يپار‬‫دوهيصنعن‬
‫ي‬
‫يپيليس‬‫ک‬
.
‫هرات‬
❖
‫يپهيزياتهيپيمانهيخاميم‬،‫انيرسحديتهيزياتينږدېيدی‬‫ر‬‫کمنستانياوياي‬
‫ر‬‫ديت‬
‫يديتوليدي‬‫واديچ‬
‫يپهييويت‬،‫ي‬ ‫ږ‬
‫اتيپواسطهيافغانستانيتهيداخلي‬‫ر‬‫ييديه‬ ‫ږ‬
‫لپارهياستعمالي‬
‫يدايشودلي‬‫يک‬‫خمي‬
‫ي‬‫کزيک‬
‫يپهييوهيمر‬‫سوېدهيچ‬
20
‫يدي‬‫ودونک‬‫فیصدهيپي‬
NGO
‫څخهيوهيمګريدغهياندازهي‬
‫اوسيرصفي‬
2
‫فيصدهيده‬
.
‫معلومات‬ ‫اقتصاد‬ ‫ښاري‬ ‫د‬ ‫ښارونو‬ ‫عمومي‬ ‫څو‬ ‫د‬
‫معلومات‬ ‫اقتصاد‬ ‫ښاري‬ ‫د‬ ‫ښارونو‬ ‫عمومي‬ ‫څو‬ ‫د‬
‫مزارشريف‬
❖
‫اتوياويوارداتوياويديزونيپهيسطح‬‫ر‬‫يزونيديصاد‬‫يفيديافغانستانيشمال‬ ‫ر‬
‫اررس‬‫ز‬‫م‬
‫هيدي‬
‫کزيروليلري‬
‫يمر‬‫تجارن‬
.
‫يښهيودهيا‬‫يفيک‬ ‫ر‬
‫اررس‬‫ز‬‫يکاروبارونهيپهيم‬‫کوچن‬
‫ويپرمختګيکړیي‬
‫دیيلکه‬
:
‫يکانون‬،‫ياويفرشونه‬‫يغال‬،‫يصنايع‬‫يالس‬،‫قرقليپسونهياويڅرمن‬
‫ي‬،‫اج‬‫ر‬‫وياستخ‬
‫ي‬
‫ت‬‫يمحصوال‬‫اعن‬‫ر‬‫ګلدوزيياويز‬
.
‫کندهار‬
❖
‫يسکټوريزياتهيودهيکړيدهيلکهينج‬‫ياويصنعن‬‫اعن‬‫ر‬‫يز‬‫کندهاريښاريک‬
‫ي‬‫کارييچ‬
‫ز‬‫اريياويفل‬
‫ديټولويکمپنيوي‬
10
‫فيصدهيتشکيلوي‬
.
‫يديکاريګرويفيصدي‬‫کندهاريښاريک‬
‫ډيرهيکمهيدهي‬
‫يکاروبارونهيلري‬‫اويزياترهيخلکيشخص‬
.
‫اباد‬ ‫جالل‬
❖
‫يپريکاريکړيد‬‫ييقوهين‬ ‫ر‬
‫يزياتهيبرخهيبش‬‫ديزيتونيديکشتيترڅنګيچ‬
‫هيننګرهارييويلويي‬
‫کزيلري‬
‫اويمهميديګلدوزييمر‬
.
‫ينيمهيحسهي‬
ً
‫ديکاريينفوسيتقريبا‬
48
‫ي‬‫فيصدهيپهيشخص‬
‫کاروبارونويبوختيدی‬
.
‫معلومات‬ ‫اقتصاد‬ ‫ښاري‬ ‫د‬ ‫ښارونو‬ ‫عمومي‬ ‫څو‬ ‫د‬
‫کندز‬
❖
‫اعتيدي‬‫ر‬‫ديکندزيزياتياقتصادييفعاليتيز‬
:
‫ي‬
‫ياويخټک‬‫يګن‬،‫يچغندر‬،‫پنبه‬
‫يديعمدهي‬‫ن‬
‫ي‬
‫ينبان‬،‫يديوريشمو‬‫يپهيکندزيک‬‫يپهينږدېيکلونويک‬،‫حاصالتويڅخهيدی‬
‫يصابونياوي‬،‫غوړيو‬
‫فرشونويتوليديپيليسو‬
.
‫ي‬
‫يچ‬،‫يالريپروتيدي‬‫کندزيپرييوهيلويهيتجارن‬
‫ياوي‬،‫ان‬‫ر‬‫اي‬
‫پاکستانيديتاجکستانيرسهينشلوي‬
.
‫خانيبندريتهينږدېيتري‬‫کندزيشي‬
‫ي‬‫نيواليتيدييچ‬
‫کزيياسيايرسهينښلوليسوييدي‬
‫ديتاجکستانيپواسطهيديمر‬
.
‫ګرديز‬
❖
‫يباغداريياويکشتګرييديم‬،‫اعتيوالړيدی‬‫ر‬‫ديګرديزياقتصادياوسيهميزياتيپريز‬
‫هموي‬
‫يپروت‬‫يسيمهيپهيزړهيک‬‫اعن‬‫ر‬‫يګرديزيدييويز‬،‫يرسچينويڅخهيدي‬‫عايدان‬
‫ي‬‫يمخک‬‫دييچ‬
‫ي‬
‫يکوچ‬، ‫ې‬
‫يغل‬‫کزيکابليتهين‬
‫يمر‬‫لوديچ‬‫ر‬‫کزيد‬
‫ييويکاميابيسوداګريزيمر‬‫ن‬
‫اويپسونهي‬
‫صادرول‬
.
‫ښارونو‬ ‫عمومي‬ ‫څو‬ ‫د‬
‫اقتصاد‬ ‫ښاري‬ ‫د‬
‫معلومات‬
‫پارک‬ ‫صنعتی‬ ‫هرات‬ ‫د‬
‫اتي‬‫ر‬‫کيديه‬
‫يپار‬‫دايصنعن‬
‫يډګ‬‫والیتيدينړیواليهوان‬
‫ري‬
‫مهيموقعیتيلریيد‬‫تهيڅي‬
‫اي‬
‫کيپهيدریويپړوانويک‬
‫پار‬
‫يدي‬
‫اختی‬‫ر‬‫څلرميسیټيرسهيپ‬
‫اي‬
‫اخيکړی‬‫ر‬‫شویييترڅوينوريپ‬
‫پهي‬
‫کيدغهيصنعتيلری‬
‫دیيپار‬
‫لکه‬
‫ي‬
‫و‬‫ديرڼات‬،‫کانيکیندنه‬
‫لیديدي‬
‫ويپ‬ ‫ږ‬
‫يتولیدياويديتي‬‫کرن‬
‫ریکول‬
.
PRESENTATION TITLE 25
‫ښوراندام‬ ‫د‬
‫پارک‬ ‫صنعتی‬
‫کيديکندهاريښاريختیځيتهيپهيلسيکیل‬
‫دايپار‬
‫یيکي‬‫ومي‬
‫موقعیتيلری‬
.
‫کي‬
‫يپار‬‫دیيصنعن‬
۱۵
‫هکتارهيساحهي‬
‫يس‬‫نیوليدهياوپهيکندهاريښاريټولهيصنعن‬
‫احهي‬
۴۰۰
‫هکتارهيځانګړیيسویيده‬
.
‫پارک‬ ‫صنعتی‬ ‫ګوريمار‬ ‫د‬
❖
‫یفيختیځيتهي‬ ‫ر‬
‫اررس‬‫ز‬‫کزيم‬
‫کيديمر‬
‫دايپار‬
۲۲
‫یيکيموقعیتيلری‬‫کیلومي‬
.
‫کي‬
‫کيپار‬
‫دايپار‬
‫شاوخواي‬
۲۵
‫ي‬
‫هکتارهيساحهيپوس‬
.
‫کيتهيدي‬
‫يپار‬‫یويپروژهيروانهيدهيچ‬
۲۲
‫هي‬‫کیلومي‬
‫ديغزوی‬ ‫ږ‬
‫يبرښنايلي‬‫اضاف‬
.
‫ایکيتوکويپروس‬‫ر‬‫کیمیاویياويخو‬،‫کيپالستیک‬
‫دايپار‬
‫یسي‬
‫صورتينییس‬
.
‫پارک‬ ‫صنعتی‬ ‫حصارشاهی‬
❖
‫کيديجاللياباديښارسویليختیځيتهيپهي‬
‫دايپار‬
۲۲
‫ـيتورخميپ‬‫ي‬‫یيکيديجاللياباد‬‫کیلومي‬
‫ري‬
‫لویهيالرهيموقعیتيلري‬
.
‫يمساحتي‬‫چ‬
۲۰۷
‫هکتارهيدی‬
.
‫پارک‬ ‫سوداګريز‬ ‫کرنيز‬ ‫بست‬
❖
‫کي‬
‫ديسوداګریزيپار‬
۳۲
‫مهيموقعیتيل‬‫ګاهيتهيڅي‬
‫ر‬‫هکتارهيمساحتيلریياويلښک‬
‫ریي‬
‫ي‬‫فاضلهيموادياويديبرښنايویشين‬،‫کونه‬‫ړ‬
‫اساسيزیربناویيلکهيرس‬
۲۰۰۸
‫امینځتهي‬‫ر‬‫کي‬
‫شو‬
.
‫پارکونه‬ ‫صنعتی‬
‫دجواز‬
‫ور‬
‫کولو‬
‫برخه‬
‫کی‬
‫اصالحات‬
.
‫دخصويیصيپانګوالويلخوايفعالیت‬
‫په‬
‫تيره‬
‫لسيزه‬
‫کی‬
‫اقتصادی‬
‫چا‬
‫پيلایر‬
‫په‬
‫افغانستان‬
‫کی‬
‫دسودا‬
‫ګری‬
‫پ‬
‫يل‬
‫کول‬
‫اسانه‬
‫کړل‬
‫په‬
‫افغا‬
‫نستان‬
‫کی‬
‫د‬
‫سودا‬
‫ګری‬
‫چاپیلایر‬
‫په‬
‫تدریج‬
‫س‬
‫ره‬
‫مخ‬
‫په‬
‫ښه‬
‫کیدو‬
‫دی‬
۱
‫خصوصی‬ ‫کی‬ ‫ختیا‬ ‫پرا‬ ‫په‬ ‫فغانستان‬ ‫دا‬
‫دی‬ ‫شامل‬ ‫سکتور‬
.
‫کی‬ ‫افغانستان‬ ‫په‬ ‫لکه‬
‫کول‬ ‫منځته‬ ‫را‬ ‫اچونی‬ ‫دپانګی‬
.
‫داقتصادیياسانتیاوويپريلوريپريمخت‬
‫ګ‬
‫تنظيمی‬
‫اداره‬
‫دجوړولو‬
‫او‬
‫پلی‬
‫کولو‬
‫پ‬
‫اره‬
‫جوړه‬
‫سوه‬
.
-
‫د‬
‫مالتړ‬
‫اداره‬
(AISA)
‫دليسنس‬
‫غو‬
‫ښتنی‬
‫په‬
۲۰۰۴
‫کی‬
‫منځته‬
‫را‬
‫غلی‬
‫په‬
‫افغا‬
‫نستان‬
‫کی‬
‫د‬
‫سودا‬
‫ګری‬
‫چاپیلایر‬
‫په‬
‫تدریج‬
‫س‬
‫ره‬
‫مخ‬
‫په‬
‫ښه‬
‫کیدو‬
‫دی‬
۲
‫کړل‬ ‫جوړ‬ ‫پارکونه‬ ‫صنعتی‬ ‫حکومت‬ ‫پلوه‬ ‫فیایی‬ ‫جغرا‬ ‫له‬
‫په‬
۲۰۰۶
‫کی‬
۶۵
‫دولتی‬
‫ملکیتونو‬
‫ویش‬
‫او‬
‫پلورل‬
‫وشو‬
‫و‬
‫همدارنګه‬
‫د‬
‫خصوصی‬
‫سکتور‬
‫د‬
‫هڅولو‬
‫لپاره‬
‫دتصدی‬
‫پرا‬
‫خ‬
‫تیا‬
‫نوټ‬
:-
‫دافغانستان‬
‫د‬
‫پانګونی‬
‫دمالتړ‬
‫اداره‬
(AISA)
‫ددی‬
‫اداری‬
‫دنده‬
‫دتجارتی‬
‫شر‬
‫کتونو‬
‫او‬
‫خصوصی‬
‫سکتور‬
‫راجستر‬
‫کو‬
‫ل‬
‫او‬
‫دهغوی‬
‫منظم‬
‫کول‬
‫دی‬
‫پهي‬
۲۰۰۳
‫کيدیويخپلوایکياداریيپهيت‬
‫ويګهي‬
‫امنځتهيسوه‬‫ر‬
3.3 Ways
Forward
‫يديټوليهيواديتجارتونهياوياق‬‫يويلویياقتصاديدیيچ‬
‫تصاديي‬
‫ي‬‫ړ‬ ‫ې‬
‫چارييدينورويهيوادونويرسهيڅي‬
.
‫ياقتص‬‫بليکوچن‬
‫اديدیي‬
‫يديواليتونويتريمنځيتجارت‬‫يديهيواديپهيداخليک‬‫چ‬
‫اوي‬
‫ي‬‫ړ‬
‫اقتصاديڅي‬
.
‫دا‬
‫روښانه‬
‫ده‬
‫ي‬‫ې‬
‫چ‬
‫د‬
‫ودې‬
‫په‬
‫اندې‬‫ړ‬‫و‬
‫د‬
‫ل‬
‫وی‬
‫اقتصادي‬
‫جوړښت‬
‫خنډونو‬
‫ته‬
‫د‬
‫رسیدو‬
‫لپاره‬
‫باید‬
‫ا‬
‫قدامات‬
‫ي‬ ‫ر‬
‫وس‬
.
‫لکهي‬
‫د‬
‫فساد‬
‫رسه‬
‫مبارزه‬
،
‫د‬
‫سوداګرۍ‬
‫کش‬
‫کمول‬
،
‫د‬
‫ي‬
‫مال‬
/
‫بانکدارۍ‬
‫سکتور‬
‫ښه‬
‫کول‬
‫او‬
‫د‬
‫ي‬‫ې‬
‫پانګون‬
‫لپ‬
‫اره‬
‫د‬
‫ي‬
‫مال‬
‫امکاناتو‬
‫شتون‬
،
‫د‬
‫اتو‬‫ر‬‫صاد‬
‫ي‬
‫سیال‬
‫ښه‬
‫ي‬
‫کولياويداس‬
‫نو‬
.
‫خوي‬
‫ياقتصادالرييچا‬‫يديکوچن‬‫موږيپهيدېيدريميفصليک‬
‫ريياوي‬
‫اتل‬‫ر‬‫يپهي‬‫يياويدايچ‬‫ړ‬ ‫ې‬
‫پرمختګيپهيالندييتوګهيوڅي‬
‫يبايدي‬‫يک‬‫ونک‬
‫ياقتصاديدياليپريمختګيلپارهيبايديڅهيوک‬‫ديکوچن‬
‫يهغهي‬،‫ړو‬
‫ييسوييدي‬
‫ح‬‫الندييپهيلنډهيتوګهيواض‬
‫مختګ‬ ‫پر‬ ‫د‬
‫چاري‬ ‫الري‬
:
‫يدرسيتهيلنډهيکتنه‬ ‫ې‬
‫تي‬
‫چاري‬ ‫الري‬ ‫مختګ‬ ‫پر‬ ‫راتلونکي‬ ‫د‬
۲
❖
‫يپالی‬‫يدویيیوهيمل‬،‫کاتيوي‬
‫ر‬‫يدياقتصادييپرمختګيمح‬ ‫ر‬
‫ښارونهيکوليس‬
‫يتهياړتیاي‬‫یس‬
‫ي‬
‫يديکلسي‬،‫اټولولويظرفیتيڅخهيګټهيپورتهيکړي‬‫ر‬‫لرييترڅويديدویيدي‬
‫يياي‬‫ياجتماع‬‫يعن‬
‫ياوين‬‫يرسم‬‫يغي‬،‫يپالنيشوي‬‫ياويديغي‬،‫يکړي‬‫ېياعظم‬‫ياغي‬ ‫ې‬
‫ييپانګوون‬‫دولن‬
‫يښاريي‬‫اڅان‬
‫يپایلويڅخهيمخنیویيوکړي‬‫اختیايلهيمنف‬‫ر‬‫پ‬
.
❖
‫د‬
‫ښاري‬
‫اختیا‬‫ر‬‫پ‬
‫لپاره‬
‫ي‬
‫اوسن‬
‫ي‬
‫لیش‬
-
‫فایر‬
‫يتجارتياوينوري‬‫يديخپليرسييشخص‬‫يعن‬
‫ي‬
‫و‬‫يکاروباريا‬‫يرسم‬‫غي‬
‫چلند‬
‫د‬
‫پانګوالو‬
‫باور‬
‫نه‬
‫امینځته‬‫ر‬
‫کوي‬
‫یا‬
‫د‬
‫پانګ‬
‫ي‬‫ې‬
‫وون‬
‫څخه‬
‫د‬
‫پیمانه‬
‫اقتصاد‬
‫څخه‬
‫ګټه‬
‫پورته‬
‫کوي‬
.
‫اخ‬‫ر‬‫پ‬
‫بنسټه‬
‫اقتصادي‬
‫وده‬
‫اړینه‬
‫ده‬
‫ي‬‫ې‬
‫چ‬
‫د‬
‫نفوس‬
‫یت‬ ‫ر‬
‫اکي‬
‫له‬
‫ي‬‫ې‬
‫ن‬
‫ي‬
‫وزل‬
‫څخه‬
‫ي‬
‫اوباس‬‫ر‬
.
‫یوه‬
‫ي‬
‫عمل‬
‫الره‬
‫داده‬
‫ي‬‫ې‬
‫چ‬
‫د‬
‫لویو‬
‫ښارونو‬
‫اقتصادي‬
‫ي‬
‫کلسي‬
‫تحلیلونه‬
‫تررسه‬
‫ي‬ ‫ر‬
‫س‬
‫ترڅو‬
‫د‬
‫دوی‬
‫ي‬
‫طبیع‬
‫او‬
‫ي‬
‫محل‬
‫اقتصادي‬
‫پرتله‬
‫کولو‬
‫ي‬‫ې‬
‫ګن‬
‫ي‬
‫ن‬ ‫ر‬
‫وپي‬
،
‫او‬
‫د‬
‫ي‬
‫سیال‬
‫او‬
‫محصول‬
‫لوړولو‬
‫لپاره‬
‫د‬
‫سوداګرۍ‬
‫او‬
‫پ‬
‫ي‬‫ې‬
‫انګوون‬
‫ي‬
‫کلسي‬
‫کول‬
.
❖
‫دي‬
SoAC
‫ينشتواليستونزهين‬ ‫ې‬
‫يديځمک‬ ‫ې‬
‫يپهيښارونويک‬ ‫ې‬
‫يچ‬ ‫ې‬
‫تحلیليښودل‬
‫ي‬ ‫ې‬
‫يبلک‬،‫هيده‬
‫منهيګټهياخیستنهياويدياقتصادييفعالیتونويلپ‬‫ياغي‬ ‫ې‬
‫ستونزهيديځمک‬
‫ي‬ ‫ې‬
‫يځمک‬ ‫ې‬
‫ارهيديمناسن‬
‫چمتويکولوياړتیايده‬
.
‫چاري‬ ‫الري‬ ‫مختګ‬ ‫پر‬ ‫راتلونکي‬ ‫د‬
۳
❖
‫يکارۍيکمولويلپارهيپ‬ ‫ې‬
‫کوليدين‬
‫اريفعالیتياويتولیديتهيودهيور‬‫ز‬‫ديکاريبا‬
‫هيځانګړييتوګهيدي‬
‫ځوانانويلپاره‬
‫منيوي‬ ‫ې‬
‫تلياغي‬
.
❖
‫ياويديښاريپهيکچهيټوليشمولهيپ‬،‫يپالییس‬‫کوونکويمل‬
‫دياليزیاتويځوابيور‬
‫النونويلهي‬
‫ي‬‫ې‬
‫لويپريځایيديادغاميپهيلټهيک‬‫ړ‬‫يسکتوريديلهيمنځهيو‬‫يرسم‬‫الرېيديښارييغي‬
‫ي‬ ‫ر‬
‫يس‬
.
‫ي‬
‫ال‬‫مثا‬
‫کولويپهياړه‬
‫يديکوڅويپلورونکوياويکوچنیويسوداګریويتهيديجوازيور‬،
‫فکريوکړئياويدي‬
‫يرسهيتنظیميکړئيترڅويديمالیاتويعایديډیريک‬‫دویيفعالیتونهيپهينرم‬
‫يديښاري‬،‫ړي‬
‫فعالیتيښهيکړيي‬
(
‫افیکيمدیریتياويالرسس‬‫ر‬‫يپهيتوګهيديت‬ ‫ې‬
‫ديبیلک‬
)
‫ياويديمافیايڅخهيدي‬،
‫دویيمحافظتيښهيکړي‬
.
❖
‫يم‬‫يښاريياقتصاديلږيتريلږهياوسن‬،‫يديټولويسکټورونويڅخه‬، ‫ې‬
‫پهياخريييک‬
‫ي‬،‫علوماتيلري‬
‫ي‬ ‫ږ‬
‫اويدېيتهياړتیايلیدليکي‬
.
Prepared By
Group C
From Engineering
Architecture
Designed by
Iftikhar Ahmad

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Urban Economy: Cities as drivers of Economic Growth in Afghanistan.pdf

  • 1. URBAN ECONOMY Group C CITIES AS DRIVERS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Chapter 3
  • 2. 2 GROUP ( C ) Architecture Office Use Name F/Name Roll NO Lecturer Iftikhar Ahmad Abdul Rauf Haqyar 7 Prof. Najib Wali Zainullah 14 Date Received Muhammad Nasim Abdul Hakim 18 DD/MM/YYYY Khaleel-ul-Rshmsn 24 Approved Hizbullah 27 Yes/No Noorulhaq Thor Jan 48 Grade Khaleel Ahmad 53 NN% Esmatullah Ahmad Shah 57
  • 4. Outlines 3.3. Ways forward 3.2. The urban economy 3.1. Macroeconomic context 02 04 01 03
  • 5. URBAN ECONOMY: CITIES AS DRIVERS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ❖ Although the majority of the Afghan population is engaged in agricultural activity, agriculture only accounts for approximately one-quarter (24.6%) of total Gross Domestic Product (GDP). ❖ Largely ‘urban’ economic activities (such as wholesale and retail trade, manufacturing, public administration, services, transport and construction) have increasingly been driving the Afghan economy, and now comprise roughly three-quarters of total GDP. ❖ Cities, therefore, play a fundamental and increasingly important role in Afghanistan’s economy.
  • 6. URBAN ECONOMY: CITIES AS DRIVERS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT – con. ❖ The services, manufacturing and construction sectors in Kabul and the regional trading hubs of Kandahar, Herat, Mazar-i- Sharif, as well as some secondary trading and transit hubs such as Kunduz, have experienced a massive surge of growth over the past decade, largely due to an influx of foreign aid. ❖ However, these sectors have been shrinking in recent years due to the international military drawdown, protracted 2014 election process and general uncertainty around Afghanistan’s security and stability. ❖ Unemployment and underemployment: Close to 80% of poor urban households have only one income earner or none at all. Youth unemployment will increase given that 49% of Afghanistan’s population is under the age of 15.
  • 7. URBAN ECONOMY: CITIES AS DRIVERS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT – con. ❖ Informality is at the core of urban life in Afghanistan. 90% of economic activity in Afghanistan occurs in the informal sector. ❖ Urban poverty is pervasive & requires serious attention. In 2011, 1/3 of urban Afghans lived in poverty (29%); increases further. ❖ Afghanistan’s large cities can help in economic growth but requires increased investment in key urban economic infrastructure (industrial parks, roads, electricity, etc.), a higher skilled workforce, and improved governance to promote private sector confidence and investment.
  • 8. 3.1 Macroeconomic Context Afghanistan’s annual GDP stands at an estimated 20.3 billion USD in 2013. GDP grew by an average of 9% per year between 2004 and 2013, but the GDP growth rate has begun to decrease: falling sharply from 11% (2012-13) to 6% (2013-14). as the “protracted political transition a further blow to confidence in the non- agriculture sectors.” As of 2013, over half (51.8%) of Afghanistan’s GDP was derived from ‘services’ (Telecoms, Information Technology (IT), transportation, retail trade, etc.), which had been steadily increasing since 2002. Economic growth and sector contributions
  • 9. Agriculture as “Shock Absorber’’ The sector is not modernized to the extent where technology can provide some safety net to mitigate external factors. However, agriculture, particularly peri-urban agriculture, is likely to be an important ‘shock absorber’ over the coming years as international funds become less significant in Afghanistan’s economy and the services sector may not be able to maintain the relatively high levels of growth of recent years.
  • 10. The service sector now comprises over half of GDP (52%), whilst manufacturing comprises 10%, and construction 8%. Figure 3.1
  • 11. Growth rates of products in different years Figure 3.1
  • 12. Sectors Annual help/contribution to GDP Growth Figure 3.2
  • 13. Trade: ❖ Although Afghanistan’s exports have increased over the years, its imports are still relatively high leading to a large trade deficit. Exports equate to only 6% of GDP, while its imports equated to 47% of total GDP in 2014. This is less than half the figure from neighbouring countries for example India (25%); Tajikistan (19%) and Pakistan (13%). ❖ Exports have increased from 141 million Euros in 2003 to 471 million Euros in 2013. over the same time period imports have increased from 1,423 million Euros to 6,484 million Euros. ❖ Afghanistan’s main export trading partners are India (146m Euros, 2013) and Pakistan (130m Euros, 2013), while its imports mostly originate from Pakistan (1,788m Euros, 2013), USA (1,189m Euros, 2013) and the EU (612m Euros, 2013).
  • 14. Employment: ❖ Despite significant improvements in education indicators over the last ten years, a very significant proportion of Afghanistan’s workforce remains unskilled. Data from the World Bank Enterprise Survey (2014) indicates that more than 40% of the workforce is unskilled. ❖ There is a risk that the shortage of skilled labour is further exacerbated by ‘brain drain’. In urban centres, a massive emigration of the most educated and skilled youth may soon become a reality as a significant portion of the 400,000 youth who join the labour market every year choose to migrate to neighbouring Iran and Pakistan in the absence of work opportunities in their native cities,
  • 15. The informal economy: ❖ Formal wage employment is the exception in Afghanistan, including in cities. It is estimated that up to 90% of economic activity in Afghanistan occurs in the informal sector. The bulk of the labor force is employed by the informal economy working in petty trade, construction (as day workers), brick making, etc. Paid by the day (often at a rate of 250 - 350 AFN (4.4 - 6.3 USD) for an unskilled worker), many urban workers make considerably less money in the winter than in the summer. ❖ The narcotics industry arguably comprises the largest share of informal economic activity. Drug-related activities (including opium production and processing) were estimated to equate to 9% of GDP in 2011, significantly lower than their estimated 50% share in 2003. ❖ The total area under opium poppy cultivation in Afghanistan was estimated at 224,000 hectares in 2014, a 7% increase from the previous year and the highest on record.
  • 16. OFFICIAL UNEMPLOYMENT AND UNDER- EMPLOYMENT, 2011/12 Figure 3.3
  • 17. OPIUM PRODUCTION AND AREA UNDER CULTIVATION, 2002-2013 Figure 3.4
  • 18. 3.2 THE URBAN ECONOMY ‫یوه‬ ‫رسوې‬ ‫ي‬ ‫چ‬ ‫په‬ ،‫بلخ‬ ،‫کندز‬ ‫بدخشان‬ ‫ي‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ر‬‫تخا‬ ‫واليتون‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ک‬ ‫پر‬ ۹۴ ‫فيصده‬ ‫ي‬ ‫و‬‫کمپني‬ ‫سوې‬ ‫وه‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ا‬‫د‬ ‫ګنده‬ ‫څر‬ ‫کړل‬ ‫ي‬ ‫چ‬ ‫دوی‬ ‫که‬ ‫څه‬ ‫هم‬ ‫ټول‬ ‫په‬ ‫دې‬ ‫پ‬ ‫وهيدل‬ ‫ي‬ ‫چ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫د‬‫باي‬ ‫په‬ ‫ي‬ ‫رسم‬ ‫ډول‬ ‫ثبت‬ ‫وي‬ ‫ي‬ ‫و‬‫خ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ا‬‫بي‬ ‫هم‬ ‫يوازي‬ ۱۰ ‫فيصده‬ ‫ي‬ ‫کمپن‬ ‫ي‬ ‫د‬ ‫افغانست‬ ‫ان‬ ‫ي‬ ‫د‬ ‫ي‬ ‫پانګون‬ ‫ي‬ ‫د‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ړ‬‫مالت‬ ‫ادارې‬ (AISA) ‫رسه‬ ‫او‬ ۹ ‫فيصده‬ ‫ي‬ ‫د‬ ‫تجارت‬ ‫ي‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫صنعت‬ ‫ي‬ ‫د‬ ‫ارت‬‫ز‬‫و‬ ‫رسه‬ ‫ثبت‬ ‫لود‬‫ر‬‫د‬ . ‫يوعمده‬ ‫مشکل‬ ‫ي‬ ‫چ‬ ‫له‬ ‫ي‬ ‫وچ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ارداديان‬‫ر‬‫ق‬ ‫ي‬ ‫د‬‫او‬ ‫ي‬ ‫و‬‫کتون‬ ‫ر‬ ‫رس‬ ‫مسؤل‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ي‬ ‫نه‬ ‫غواړي‬ ‫ي‬ ‫و‬‫ترڅ‬ ‫خپل‬ ‫ي‬ ‫د‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫ل‬ ‫پاره‬ ‫ي‬ ‫قانون‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ز‬‫جوا‬ ‫ترالسه‬ ‫کړي‬ ‫هغ‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ک‬ ‫در‬ ‫دی‬ ‫ي‬ ‫چ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫د‬ ‫تجارت‬ ‫ثبتول‬ ‫ي‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ي‬ ‫قانون‬ ‫کول‬ ‫زيات‬ ‫لګښت‬ ‫لري‬ ، ‫مؤثره‬‫غي‬ ‫ي‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ي‬ ‫د‬ ‫ي‬ ‫د‬‫فسا‬ ‫څخه‬ ‫ډک‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫دی‬ . ‫په‬ ‫ي‬ ‫غي‬ ‫ي‬ ‫رسم‬ ‫ي‬ ‫د‬‫اقتصا‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ي‬ ‫زر‬ ‫اعت‬ ‫ي‬ ‫چ‬ ‫يوازي‬ ‫ي‬ ‫د‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ر‬‫ګ‬ ‫بز‬ ‫مصارف‬ ‫ي‬ ‫پور‬ ‫ه‬ ،‫کوي‬ ‫څارويو‬ ‫روزنه‬ ، ‫جنس‬ ‫په‬ ‫جنس‬ ‫اکړه‬‫ر‬ ‫کړه‬ ‫ور‬ ‫ي‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ځين‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ه‬ ‫کښته‬ ‫درجه‬ ‫فعاليتونه‬ ‫لک‬ ‫ه‬ ،‫قاچاق‬ ‫ي‬ ‫د‬ ‫ي‬ ‫د‬‫اوار‬‫ر‬ ‫ي‬ ‫و‬‫شوي‬ ‫ي‬ ‫و‬‫اجناس‬ ‫صادرول‬ ‫ي‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬ ‫حواله‬ ‫سيسټمونه‬ ‫شامل‬ ‫دی‬ .
  • 19. ‫طرحي‬ ‫لپاره‬ ‫پرمختګ‬ ‫او‬ ‫ودې‬ ‫د‬ ‫سکټورونو‬ ‫شخصي‬ ‫د‬ ‫اصالحات‬ ‫او‬ : ❖ ‫يسکټورونويديودېياويپرمختګيلپارهيپهي‬‫ديشخص‬ ۲۰۰۳ ‫يديافغانستانيدي‬‫ميکاليک‬ ‫يديمالتړيادارهي‬‫پانګون‬ (AISA) ‫ايط‬ ‫ر‬ ‫يرس‬ ‫ې‬ ‫يديجوازياخيستلويلپارهين‬‫امنځهيسوليچ‬‫ر‬ ‫وضعيکړل‬ . ‫دي‬ ۲۰۰۴ ‫ي‬ ‫و‬‫يديمهم‬‫کونهيچ‬ ‫يپار‬‫يحکومتيصنعن‬‫وعيک‬ ‫ر‬ ‫کاليپهيرس‬ ‫زيربناووي‬ ‫يوهيپهينيمهيښاري‬‫لودونک‬‫ر‬‫کونهياوينورويد‬‫ړ‬ ‫يرس‬‫يډامي‬،‫ې‬‫يذخي‬،‫لکهيبرق‬ ‫يپهييوهي‬‫سيموک‬ ‫امنځتهيکړل‬‫ر‬‫ي‬‫محدودهيساحهيک‬ . ‫ياويم‬‫هيبيايهميساختمان‬ ‫ې‬ ‫بي‬‫رس‬‫پريهغهي‬ ‫ي‬‫حيط‬ ،‫ييپاتهيسول‬ ‫ږ‬ ‫يديتجارتياويصنعتيديزيانمنيکيدويسببيکي‬‫مشکالتيچ‬ ‫ي‬‫ساختمان‬ ‫يديبريښ‬،‫يسکټوريلپارهيدينظميقوانينوينشتون‬‫مشکالتيلکهيديشخص‬ ‫نايپالنټياوي‬ ‫ييثابتيس‬‫ياويديغي‬‫ينأمن‬،‫يستونزييلکهيتضاد‬‫يمحيط‬،‫کانالونوينشتون‬ ‫يحالتي‬‫ياس‬ ‫امنځتهيکړېيده‬‫ر‬‫شتونيپهيتجارتيناباوريي‬ . ‫يافغانس‬‫دغهيعلتونهيوهيچ‬ ‫تانيپهي‬ ۲۰۱۴ ‫يديتجارتياوياقتصاديلهيپلوهيدي‬‫ميکاليپهينړيواليبانکيک‬ ۱۸۹ ‫څخهي‬ ۱۸۳ ‫لود‬‫ر‬‫مقاميد‬ .
  • 20. ‫يم‬‫توليدييخدماتياويتجارتيپهيافغانستانيک‬ ‫همي‬ ‫ام‬‫ر‬‫يکارييفرصتونهي‬‫اقتصادييسکټوريدیيچ‬ ‫نځتهي‬ ‫کوي‬ . ‫يپهياوسطيډوليډاک‬‫پهيافغانيښارونويک‬ ‫ي‬،‫ان‬ ‫ړ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫يلک‬‫کونک‬ ‫يکار‬‫يدولن‬‫يکارمندانياويغي‬‫صح‬ ‫ه‬ : ‫ي‬،‫يان‬‫مسي‬ ‫ي‬ ‫و‬‫يديصنعتيا‬‫ياويهغهيچ‬‫کونک‬ ‫يکار‬‫ساختمان‬ ‫توليديپهي‬ ‫يکاريکوييپهيلوړهيدرجهيعايديلري‬‫برخهيک‬ . ‫ي‬‫اعن‬‫ر‬‫ز‬ ‫يهيبنسټون‬‫يخي‬،‫انيچوپانان‬‫ر‬‫ګ‬ ‫يبز‬‫برخهيک‬ ‫يدي‬،‫کونک‬ ‫ويکار‬ ‫انيديک‬‫ر‬‫ياويکښتګ‬‫ياويروزونک‬‫څارويويخرڅونک‬ ‫ښتهي‬ ‫يدي‬‫عايديلرونک‬ ‫فعالیت‬ ‫مسلکي‬ ‫پر‬ ‫ونو‬ ‫کتنه‬ ‫عمده‬ ‫یوه‬
  • 21. ‫کابل‬ ❖ ‫ديکابليواليتي‬ ۸۰ ‫يکابليديټول‬‫ييځکهيچ‬ ‫ږ‬ ‫ې‬ ‫ياوسي‬‫فيصدهينفوسيپهيښاريک‬ ‫هيواديپهي‬ ‫يپرمختګيکړیيدی‬‫نسبتيزياتيصنعن‬ . ‫ي‬ ‫و‬‫کز‬ ‫ياويادارييمر‬‫ديزياتويتجارن‬ ‫نويشتونيدي‬ ‫امنځتهيک‬‫ر‬‫يکارييفرصتونهي‬‫کابليک‬ ‫ز‬‫ک‬ ‫دېيسببيسویيدیيترڅويپهيمر‬ ‫ړي‬ . ‫کابليښاري‬ ‫ي‬ ‫اتلونک‬‫ر‬‫اخيدويچارييبهيپهي‬‫ر‬‫يدييوهيديپ‬‫کونهيلرييچ‬ ‫يپار‬‫دوهيصنعن‬ ‫ي‬ ‫يپيليس‬‫ک‬ . ‫هرات‬ ❖ ‫يپهيزياتهيپيمانهيخاميم‬،‫انيرسحديتهيزياتينږدېيدی‬‫ر‬‫کمنستانياوياي‬ ‫ر‬‫ديت‬ ‫يديتوليدي‬‫واديچ‬ ‫يپهييويت‬،‫ي‬ ‫ږ‬ ‫اتيپواسطهيافغانستانيتهيداخلي‬‫ر‬‫ييديه‬ ‫ږ‬ ‫لپارهياستعمالي‬ ‫يدايشودلي‬‫يک‬‫خمي‬ ‫ي‬‫کزيک‬ ‫يپهييوهيمر‬‫سوېدهيچ‬ 20 ‫يدي‬‫ودونک‬‫فیصدهيپي‬ NGO ‫څخهيوهيمګريدغهياندازهي‬ ‫اوسيرصفي‬ 2 ‫فيصدهيده‬ . ‫معلومات‬ ‫اقتصاد‬ ‫ښاري‬ ‫د‬ ‫ښارونو‬ ‫عمومي‬ ‫څو‬ ‫د‬
  • 22. ‫معلومات‬ ‫اقتصاد‬ ‫ښاري‬ ‫د‬ ‫ښارونو‬ ‫عمومي‬ ‫څو‬ ‫د‬ ‫مزارشريف‬ ❖ ‫اتوياويوارداتوياويديزونيپهيسطح‬‫ر‬‫يزونيديصاد‬‫يفيديافغانستانيشمال‬ ‫ر‬ ‫اررس‬‫ز‬‫م‬ ‫هيدي‬ ‫کزيروليلري‬ ‫يمر‬‫تجارن‬ . ‫يښهيودهيا‬‫يفيک‬ ‫ر‬ ‫اررس‬‫ز‬‫يکاروبارونهيپهيم‬‫کوچن‬ ‫ويپرمختګيکړیي‬ ‫دیيلکه‬ : ‫يکانون‬،‫ياويفرشونه‬‫يغال‬،‫يصنايع‬‫يالس‬،‫قرقليپسونهياويڅرمن‬ ‫ي‬،‫اج‬‫ر‬‫وياستخ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ت‬‫يمحصوال‬‫اعن‬‫ر‬‫ګلدوزيياويز‬ . ‫کندهار‬ ❖ ‫يسکټوريزياتهيودهيکړيدهيلکهينج‬‫ياويصنعن‬‫اعن‬‫ر‬‫يز‬‫کندهاريښاريک‬ ‫ي‬‫کارييچ‬ ‫ز‬‫اريياويفل‬ ‫ديټولويکمپنيوي‬ 10 ‫فيصدهيتشکيلوي‬ . ‫يديکاريګرويفيصدي‬‫کندهاريښاريک‬ ‫ډيرهيکمهيدهي‬ ‫يکاروبارونهيلري‬‫اويزياترهيخلکيشخص‬ . ‫اباد‬ ‫جالل‬ ❖ ‫يپريکاريکړيد‬‫ييقوهين‬ ‫ر‬ ‫يزياتهيبرخهيبش‬‫ديزيتونيديکشتيترڅنګيچ‬ ‫هيننګرهارييويلويي‬ ‫کزيلري‬ ‫اويمهميديګلدوزييمر‬ . ‫ينيمهيحسهي‬ ً ‫ديکاريينفوسيتقريبا‬ 48 ‫ي‬‫فيصدهيپهيشخص‬ ‫کاروبارونويبوختيدی‬ .
  • 23. ‫معلومات‬ ‫اقتصاد‬ ‫ښاري‬ ‫د‬ ‫ښارونو‬ ‫عمومي‬ ‫څو‬ ‫د‬ ‫کندز‬ ❖ ‫اعتيدي‬‫ر‬‫ديکندزيزياتياقتصادييفعاليتيز‬ : ‫ي‬ ‫ياويخټک‬‫يګن‬،‫يچغندر‬،‫پنبه‬ ‫يديعمدهي‬‫ن‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ينبان‬،‫يديوريشمو‬‫يپهيکندزيک‬‫يپهينږدېيکلونويک‬،‫حاصالتويڅخهيدی‬ ‫يصابونياوي‬،‫غوړيو‬ ‫فرشونويتوليديپيليسو‬ . ‫ي‬ ‫يچ‬،‫يالريپروتيدي‬‫کندزيپرييوهيلويهيتجارن‬ ‫ياوي‬،‫ان‬‫ر‬‫اي‬ ‫پاکستانيديتاجکستانيرسهينشلوي‬ . ‫خانيبندريتهينږدېيتري‬‫کندزيشي‬ ‫ي‬‫نيواليتيدييچ‬ ‫کزيياسيايرسهينښلوليسوييدي‬ ‫ديتاجکستانيپواسطهيديمر‬ . ‫ګرديز‬ ❖ ‫يباغداريياويکشتګرييديم‬،‫اعتيوالړيدی‬‫ر‬‫ديګرديزياقتصادياوسيهميزياتيپريز‬ ‫هموي‬ ‫يپروت‬‫يسيمهيپهيزړهيک‬‫اعن‬‫ر‬‫يګرديزيدييويز‬،‫يرسچينويڅخهيدي‬‫عايدان‬ ‫ي‬‫يمخک‬‫دييچ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫يکوچ‬، ‫ې‬ ‫يغل‬‫کزيکابليتهين‬ ‫يمر‬‫لوديچ‬‫ر‬‫کزيد‬ ‫ييويکاميابيسوداګريزيمر‬‫ن‬ ‫اويپسونهي‬ ‫صادرول‬ .
  • 24. ‫ښارونو‬ ‫عمومي‬ ‫څو‬ ‫د‬ ‫اقتصاد‬ ‫ښاري‬ ‫د‬ ‫معلومات‬
  • 25. ‫پارک‬ ‫صنعتی‬ ‫هرات‬ ‫د‬ ‫اتي‬‫ر‬‫کيديه‬ ‫يپار‬‫دايصنعن‬ ‫يډګ‬‫والیتيدينړیواليهوان‬ ‫ري‬ ‫مهيموقعیتيلریيد‬‫تهيڅي‬ ‫اي‬ ‫کيپهيدریويپړوانويک‬ ‫پار‬ ‫يدي‬ ‫اختی‬‫ر‬‫څلرميسیټيرسهيپ‬ ‫اي‬ ‫اخيکړی‬‫ر‬‫شویييترڅوينوريپ‬ ‫پهي‬ ‫کيدغهيصنعتيلری‬ ‫دیيپار‬ ‫لکه‬ ‫ي‬ ‫و‬‫ديرڼات‬،‫کانيکیندنه‬ ‫لیديدي‬ ‫ويپ‬ ‫ږ‬ ‫يتولیدياويديتي‬‫کرن‬ ‫ریکول‬ . PRESENTATION TITLE 25
  • 27. ‫پارک‬ ‫صنعتی‬ ‫ګوريمار‬ ‫د‬ ❖ ‫یفيختیځيتهي‬ ‫ر‬ ‫اررس‬‫ز‬‫کزيم‬ ‫کيديمر‬ ‫دايپار‬ ۲۲ ‫یيکيموقعیتيلری‬‫کیلومي‬ . ‫کي‬ ‫کيپار‬ ‫دايپار‬ ‫شاوخواي‬ ۲۵ ‫ي‬ ‫هکتارهيساحهيپوس‬ . ‫کيتهيدي‬ ‫يپار‬‫یويپروژهيروانهيدهيچ‬ ۲۲ ‫هي‬‫کیلومي‬ ‫ديغزوی‬ ‫ږ‬ ‫يبرښنايلي‬‫اضاف‬ . ‫ایکيتوکويپروس‬‫ر‬‫کیمیاویياويخو‬،‫کيپالستیک‬ ‫دايپار‬ ‫یسي‬ ‫صورتينییس‬ . ‫پارک‬ ‫صنعتی‬ ‫حصارشاهی‬ ❖ ‫کيديجاللياباديښارسویليختیځيتهيپهي‬ ‫دايپار‬ ۲۲ ‫ـيتورخميپ‬‫ي‬‫یيکيديجاللياباد‬‫کیلومي‬ ‫ري‬ ‫لویهيالرهيموقعیتيلري‬ . ‫يمساحتي‬‫چ‬ ۲۰۷ ‫هکتارهيدی‬ . ‫پارک‬ ‫سوداګريز‬ ‫کرنيز‬ ‫بست‬ ❖ ‫کي‬ ‫ديسوداګریزيپار‬ ۳۲ ‫مهيموقعیتيل‬‫ګاهيتهيڅي‬ ‫ر‬‫هکتارهيمساحتيلریياويلښک‬ ‫ریي‬ ‫ي‬‫فاضلهيموادياويديبرښنايویشين‬،‫کونه‬‫ړ‬ ‫اساسيزیربناویيلکهيرس‬ ۲۰۰۸ ‫امینځتهي‬‫ر‬‫کي‬ ‫شو‬ . ‫پارکونه‬ ‫صنعتی‬
  • 28. ‫دجواز‬ ‫ور‬ ‫کولو‬ ‫برخه‬ ‫کی‬ ‫اصالحات‬ . ‫دخصويیصيپانګوالويلخوايفعالیت‬ ‫په‬ ‫تيره‬ ‫لسيزه‬ ‫کی‬ ‫اقتصادی‬ ‫چا‬ ‫پيلایر‬ ‫په‬ ‫افغانستان‬ ‫کی‬ ‫دسودا‬ ‫ګری‬ ‫پ‬ ‫يل‬ ‫کول‬ ‫اسانه‬ ‫کړل‬ ‫په‬ ‫افغا‬ ‫نستان‬ ‫کی‬ ‫د‬ ‫سودا‬ ‫ګری‬ ‫چاپیلایر‬ ‫په‬ ‫تدریج‬ ‫س‬ ‫ره‬ ‫مخ‬ ‫په‬ ‫ښه‬ ‫کیدو‬ ‫دی‬ ۱ ‫خصوصی‬ ‫کی‬ ‫ختیا‬ ‫پرا‬ ‫په‬ ‫فغانستان‬ ‫دا‬ ‫دی‬ ‫شامل‬ ‫سکتور‬ . ‫کی‬ ‫افغانستان‬ ‫په‬ ‫لکه‬ ‫کول‬ ‫منځته‬ ‫را‬ ‫اچونی‬ ‫دپانګی‬ . ‫داقتصادیياسانتیاوويپريلوريپريمخت‬ ‫ګ‬
  • 29. ‫تنظيمی‬ ‫اداره‬ ‫دجوړولو‬ ‫او‬ ‫پلی‬ ‫کولو‬ ‫پ‬ ‫اره‬ ‫جوړه‬ ‫سوه‬ . - ‫د‬ ‫مالتړ‬ ‫اداره‬ (AISA) ‫دليسنس‬ ‫غو‬ ‫ښتنی‬ ‫په‬ ۲۰۰۴ ‫کی‬ ‫منځته‬ ‫را‬ ‫غلی‬ ‫په‬ ‫افغا‬ ‫نستان‬ ‫کی‬ ‫د‬ ‫سودا‬ ‫ګری‬ ‫چاپیلایر‬ ‫په‬ ‫تدریج‬ ‫س‬ ‫ره‬ ‫مخ‬ ‫په‬ ‫ښه‬ ‫کیدو‬ ‫دی‬ ۲ ‫کړل‬ ‫جوړ‬ ‫پارکونه‬ ‫صنعتی‬ ‫حکومت‬ ‫پلوه‬ ‫فیایی‬ ‫جغرا‬ ‫له‬ ‫په‬ ۲۰۰۶ ‫کی‬ ۶۵ ‫دولتی‬ ‫ملکیتونو‬ ‫ویش‬ ‫او‬ ‫پلورل‬ ‫وشو‬ ‫و‬ ‫همدارنګه‬ ‫د‬ ‫خصوصی‬ ‫سکتور‬ ‫د‬ ‫هڅولو‬ ‫لپاره‬ ‫دتصدی‬ ‫پرا‬ ‫خ‬ ‫تیا‬ ‫نوټ‬ :- ‫دافغانستان‬ ‫د‬ ‫پانګونی‬ ‫دمالتړ‬ ‫اداره‬ (AISA) ‫ددی‬ ‫اداری‬ ‫دنده‬ ‫دتجارتی‬ ‫شر‬ ‫کتونو‬ ‫او‬ ‫خصوصی‬ ‫سکتور‬ ‫راجستر‬ ‫کو‬ ‫ل‬ ‫او‬ ‫دهغوی‬ ‫منظم‬ ‫کول‬ ‫دی‬ ‫پهي‬ ۲۰۰۳ ‫کيدیويخپلوایکياداریيپهيت‬ ‫ويګهي‬ ‫امنځتهيسوه‬‫ر‬
  • 30. 3.3 Ways Forward ‫يديټوليهيواديتجارتونهياوياق‬‫يويلویياقتصاديدیيچ‬ ‫تصاديي‬ ‫ي‬‫ړ‬ ‫ې‬ ‫چارييدينورويهيوادونويرسهيڅي‬ . ‫ياقتص‬‫بليکوچن‬ ‫اديدیي‬ ‫يديواليتونويتريمنځيتجارت‬‫يديهيواديپهيداخليک‬‫چ‬ ‫اوي‬ ‫ي‬‫ړ‬ ‫اقتصاديڅي‬ . ‫دا‬ ‫روښانه‬ ‫ده‬ ‫ي‬‫ې‬ ‫چ‬ ‫د‬ ‫ودې‬ ‫په‬ ‫اندې‬‫ړ‬‫و‬ ‫د‬ ‫ل‬ ‫وی‬ ‫اقتصادي‬ ‫جوړښت‬ ‫خنډونو‬ ‫ته‬ ‫د‬ ‫رسیدو‬ ‫لپاره‬ ‫باید‬ ‫ا‬ ‫قدامات‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ر‬ ‫وس‬ . ‫لکهي‬ ‫د‬ ‫فساد‬ ‫رسه‬ ‫مبارزه‬ ، ‫د‬ ‫سوداګرۍ‬ ‫کش‬ ‫کمول‬ ، ‫د‬ ‫ي‬ ‫مال‬ / ‫بانکدارۍ‬ ‫سکتور‬ ‫ښه‬ ‫کول‬ ‫او‬ ‫د‬ ‫ي‬‫ې‬ ‫پانګون‬ ‫لپ‬ ‫اره‬ ‫د‬ ‫ي‬ ‫مال‬ ‫امکاناتو‬ ‫شتون‬ ، ‫د‬ ‫اتو‬‫ر‬‫صاد‬ ‫ي‬ ‫سیال‬ ‫ښه‬ ‫ي‬ ‫کولياويداس‬ ‫نو‬ . ‫خوي‬ ‫ياقتصادالرييچا‬‫يديکوچن‬‫موږيپهيدېيدريميفصليک‬ ‫ريياوي‬ ‫اتل‬‫ر‬‫يپهي‬‫يياويدايچ‬‫ړ‬ ‫ې‬ ‫پرمختګيپهيالندييتوګهيوڅي‬ ‫يبايدي‬‫يک‬‫ونک‬ ‫ياقتصاديدياليپريمختګيلپارهيبايديڅهيوک‬‫ديکوچن‬ ‫يهغهي‬،‫ړو‬ ‫ييسوييدي‬ ‫ح‬‫الندييپهيلنډهيتوګهيواض‬ ‫مختګ‬ ‫پر‬ ‫د‬ ‫چاري‬ ‫الري‬ : ‫يدرسيتهيلنډهيکتنه‬ ‫ې‬ ‫تي‬
  • 31. ‫چاري‬ ‫الري‬ ‫مختګ‬ ‫پر‬ ‫راتلونکي‬ ‫د‬ ۲ ❖ ‫يپالی‬‫يدویيیوهيمل‬،‫کاتيوي‬ ‫ر‬‫يدياقتصادييپرمختګيمح‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ښارونهيکوليس‬ ‫يتهياړتیاي‬‫یس‬ ‫ي‬ ‫يديکلسي‬،‫اټولولويظرفیتيڅخهيګټهيپورتهيکړي‬‫ر‬‫لرييترڅويديدویيدي‬ ‫يياي‬‫ياجتماع‬‫يعن‬ ‫ياوين‬‫يرسم‬‫يغي‬،‫يپالنيشوي‬‫ياويديغي‬،‫يکړي‬‫ېياعظم‬‫ياغي‬ ‫ې‬ ‫ييپانګوون‬‫دولن‬ ‫يښاريي‬‫اڅان‬ ‫يپایلويڅخهيمخنیویيوکړي‬‫اختیايلهيمنف‬‫ر‬‫پ‬ . ❖ ‫د‬ ‫ښاري‬ ‫اختیا‬‫ر‬‫پ‬ ‫لپاره‬ ‫ي‬ ‫اوسن‬ ‫ي‬ ‫لیش‬ - ‫فایر‬ ‫يتجارتياوينوري‬‫يديخپليرسييشخص‬‫يعن‬ ‫ي‬ ‫و‬‫يکاروباريا‬‫يرسم‬‫غي‬ ‫چلند‬ ‫د‬ ‫پانګوالو‬ ‫باور‬ ‫نه‬ ‫امینځته‬‫ر‬ ‫کوي‬ ‫یا‬ ‫د‬ ‫پانګ‬ ‫ي‬‫ې‬ ‫وون‬ ‫څخه‬ ‫د‬ ‫پیمانه‬ ‫اقتصاد‬ ‫څخه‬ ‫ګټه‬ ‫پورته‬ ‫کوي‬ . ‫اخ‬‫ر‬‫پ‬ ‫بنسټه‬ ‫اقتصادي‬ ‫وده‬ ‫اړینه‬ ‫ده‬ ‫ي‬‫ې‬ ‫چ‬ ‫د‬ ‫نفوس‬ ‫یت‬ ‫ر‬ ‫اکي‬ ‫له‬ ‫ي‬‫ې‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ي‬ ‫وزل‬ ‫څخه‬ ‫ي‬ ‫اوباس‬‫ر‬ . ‫یوه‬ ‫ي‬ ‫عمل‬ ‫الره‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ي‬‫ې‬ ‫چ‬ ‫د‬ ‫لویو‬ ‫ښارونو‬ ‫اقتصادي‬ ‫ي‬ ‫کلسي‬ ‫تحلیلونه‬ ‫تررسه‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ر‬ ‫س‬ ‫ترڅو‬ ‫د‬ ‫دوی‬ ‫ي‬ ‫طبیع‬ ‫او‬ ‫ي‬ ‫محل‬ ‫اقتصادي‬ ‫پرتله‬ ‫کولو‬ ‫ي‬‫ې‬ ‫ګن‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ر‬ ‫وپي‬ ، ‫او‬ ‫د‬ ‫ي‬ ‫سیال‬ ‫او‬ ‫محصول‬ ‫لوړولو‬ ‫لپاره‬ ‫د‬ ‫سوداګرۍ‬ ‫او‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ي‬‫ې‬ ‫انګوون‬ ‫ي‬ ‫کلسي‬ ‫کول‬ . ❖ ‫دي‬ SoAC ‫ينشتواليستونزهين‬ ‫ې‬ ‫يديځمک‬ ‫ې‬ ‫يپهيښارونويک‬ ‫ې‬ ‫يچ‬ ‫ې‬ ‫تحلیليښودل‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ې‬ ‫يبلک‬،‫هيده‬ ‫منهيګټهياخیستنهياويدياقتصادييفعالیتونويلپ‬‫ياغي‬ ‫ې‬ ‫ستونزهيديځمک‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ې‬ ‫يځمک‬ ‫ې‬ ‫ارهيديمناسن‬ ‫چمتويکولوياړتیايده‬ .
  • 32. ‫چاري‬ ‫الري‬ ‫مختګ‬ ‫پر‬ ‫راتلونکي‬ ‫د‬ ۳ ❖ ‫يکارۍيکمولويلپارهيپ‬ ‫ې‬ ‫کوليدين‬ ‫اريفعالیتياويتولیديتهيودهيور‬‫ز‬‫ديکاريبا‬ ‫هيځانګړييتوګهيدي‬ ‫ځوانانويلپاره‬ ‫منيوي‬ ‫ې‬ ‫تلياغي‬ . ❖ ‫ياويديښاريپهيکچهيټوليشمولهيپ‬،‫يپالییس‬‫کوونکويمل‬ ‫دياليزیاتويځوابيور‬ ‫النونويلهي‬ ‫ي‬‫ې‬ ‫لويپريځایيديادغاميپهيلټهيک‬‫ړ‬‫يسکتوريديلهيمنځهيو‬‫يرسم‬‫الرېيديښارييغي‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ر‬ ‫يس‬ . ‫ي‬ ‫ال‬‫مثا‬ ‫کولويپهياړه‬ ‫يديکوڅويپلورونکوياويکوچنیويسوداګریويتهيديجوازيور‬، ‫فکريوکړئياويدي‬ ‫يرسهيتنظیميکړئيترڅويديمالیاتويعایديډیريک‬‫دویيفعالیتونهيپهينرم‬ ‫يديښاري‬،‫ړي‬ ‫فعالیتيښهيکړيي‬ ( ‫افیکيمدیریتياويالرسس‬‫ر‬‫يپهيتوګهيديت‬ ‫ې‬ ‫ديبیلک‬ ) ‫ياويديمافیايڅخهيدي‬، ‫دویيمحافظتيښهيکړي‬ . ❖ ‫يم‬‫يښاريياقتصاديلږيتريلږهياوسن‬،‫يديټولويسکټورونويڅخه‬، ‫ې‬ ‫پهياخريييک‬ ‫ي‬،‫علوماتيلري‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ږ‬ ‫اويدېيتهياړتیايلیدليکي‬ .
  • 33. Prepared By Group C From Engineering Architecture Designed by Iftikhar Ahmad