1. Planning for City Sewerage and Sanitation Andrew McLernon IndII Wrap-up Conference 14 June 2011

2. Presentation Content Background Key problems/issues addressed Lessons learned Looking forward

3. Background and the Activity Request for assistance from DGHS to prepare Wastewater Master Plans in late 2008 Prepared Activity in 2009/2010, including screening Objectives: Trigger action from large cities governments to manage (domestic) waste water Prepare Capacity Building Plans “Commitment Letter” from 10 Walikota Feb’10 3 nr Planning Consultants (PCs) began Sept’10 Oversight Consultant began Oct’10 Stage 1 of Activity finishes 30 June 2011

4. PCs’ Outputs and Targets

5. Key Sectoral Problems/Issues Many government actors, no “lead sector”; and causal links between human waste, health and environment not obvious to all Traditionally: a private responsibility Legally: a local function Economically: high negative externalities Lack of awareness by and inability of community to take collective action Low priority for and accountability of PEMDA

6. Substance of WW Investment MP A (Strategic) Master Plan and Feasibility Study covering technical, financial, institutional and capacity building aspects; 20 years A sewerage (system) in stages Communal ww systems (MCK++ etc.) Improved construction/operation of “individual systems” (septic tanks) Marketing campaigns to educate, change sanitation behavior and strengthen advocacy --- demand creation Institutional Development Autonomous, flexible and accountable Operator (UPTD-> BLUD-> PD) Performance Contract: Mayor -> Head of BLUD Strengthened Regulators (an “environment policeman”, Health …) Plan Integrated into PEMDA planning and budgeting system Development of regulatory environment: A new PERDA providing mandate for a integrated wwoperator and other players Cost recovery/ ”sewerage districts”/ PBB+ Permitting process for Land development and & IMB Septic Tank de-sludging and micro-credit schemes Information Systems

7. Lessons to Date (1) Technical: Good justification needs improved data on health, environment, population projections… Or need for technical standards, procedures and criteria /guidelines specific to ww (currently none, using water supply) Need a more “life cycle costing” mentality (e.g. related to identifying the “land-take” and options) Avoiding “proyeksim” related to the sewerage component – e.g. will marketing happen? Identifying city-specific “change strategies” (see “3”)

8. Lessons to Date (2) Institutional/Financial: Allow much longer for the “non-technical” components: Agreement on land acquisition locations Agreement on what single integratedorganisationshould and will: Plan and develop sewerage Facilitate communal systems Issue/regulate building/estate development Undertake community development/marketing Agreement on sustainable O&M funding (PBB++ ear-mark) Agreement that institutional aspects will be seriously addressed, including by long-term TA Plans documented, ready for further detailing Insist on a stronger “institutional environment analysis”, including by survey and participative means, to help establish a “theory of change”.

9. Looking Forward - Short Term All eight PEMDA have almost committed to doing sewerage – but financing?? Most will need to “ internalise” the Planning Products (i.e. after 30 June 2011) ..longer than current PC contracts allow) Need new work on AMDAL and LARAP Need new work on “project packaging” There is still a large role for development partners going forward

10. Challenges Looking Forward – Longer Term National sector level (support) e.g. FORKALIM support; benchmarking/SPM; piloting new technologies, a wastewater law; model PERDA Making sewerage ”programmatic” Incentivisingparticipation/connection (hibah) Provincial Level (support) regulatory (environmental policeman) functions City level (support) ensuring physical investments function sustainably – …….design, construction and BLUD emergence design and implementation of ID/change programs in which change is driven by more local and endogenous factors

11. Thank you for your attention; remember… GIGO …Technical Planning… institutions and incentives ... …. and …a theory of change.