NURSING

2. SEMINAR ON
ROLE OF
RESEARCH,LEADERShip
AND MANAGEMENT

3. Nurse means to foster or cherish ; to treat of handle with
care; to bring up; to train and to preserve. So the name
nurse suggest attendance and service. The root meaning of
the word research is to search again or to examine carefully.

4. DEFINITION
Research may be defined as planned,
systematic search for information for the
purpose of increasing the total body of
mans knowledge. It involves looking for
information which at the time in not
available or for which that has no
generally accepted evidence.

5. ROLE OF RESEARCH IN NURSING
Build a body of nursing knowledge
Validate improvement in nursing
Make health care efficient as well as
cost effective.

6. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESEARCH IN
NURSING
To improve nursing care
For the Patients out comes
For the health care delivery system
The knowledge generated through research is
essential to provide a scientific basis for
Description,
Explanation
Prediction
To control of nursing practices.

7. REASONS FOR UNDERTAKING
RESEARCH IN NURSING
Promote basis for infrastructure’
Development of new tools
Informs public, regarding research
findings
Effective planning.

8. NEED FOR NURSING RESEARCH
To develop nursing theories
To discover and develop THE means of
nursing actions
to provide answers to guide the
practioners in a decision making process
to document their role as well to
demonstrate the quality of care
To meet the demands of the society

9. PURPOSES OF NURSE IN
RESEARCH
Discover the new facts
Finding answers to partially solved problems
Improve the existing techniques
Discover previously unrecognized findings
Discovering new pathway of action

10. ROLE OF NURSE IN RESEARCH
Read and interpret the report of research
Identifying the areas of nursing where
research is needed
Collaborate intelligently with researches
Discuss with patient

11. MILESTONE OF NURSING
RESEARCH
FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE
NURSING RESEARCH FROM 1900 TO THE 1960’
NURSING RESEARCH IN THE 1970S
NURSING RESEARCH IN THE 1980S AND 1900S

12. LEADERSHIP
The origin of the word lead is to go. The verb to
lead can be defined in several ways to guide , to
run in specific direction, to direct, to be first and
to open play.

13. DEFINITION
• John Maxwell : The first step to leadership is
servant hood
• Jesse Jackson : leadership has a harder job to
do than just choose sides , It must bring sides
together

14. LEADERSHIP THEORIES
Trait theory
Leadership style theory
• Laissez –faire style
•Democratic style
•Authoritarian
Situational theory

15. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT
•LEADERS DO THE RIGHT THING AND
MANAGERS DO THINGS RIGHT
•LEADERS ARE CREATIVE AND RISK TAKERS;
MANAGERS ARE CONCERNED WITH STATUS
AND TAKING FEW RISKS
•LEADERSHIP CAN BE PRACTISED BY EVERYONE.
•OUR WORLD IS ENHANCED
WHEN ALL MANAGERS ARE LEADERS
AND ALL LEADERS ARE MANAGERS

16. NEED OF LEADERSHIP IN
NURSING
Raise the consciousness of nurse
For team building
Foundation block for nursing practice
Increase in the body of knowledge
To provide direction
Supervision
Inspiring the staff
Role model

17. PERSPECTIVES ON
FOLLOWERSHIP
Sheep
“yes ” people
Alienated followers
Effective followers

18. COMPONENTS OF LEADERSHIP MOVEMENT
L –Leader
F-Followers
S-Situations
C- Communication
G- Goals
L
G F
C S

19. CONTINUUM OF LEADER BEHAVIOR
Subordinates are invited to question ideas from the
leaders
Relationship Oriented Task Oriented
freedom for authority by
subordintes the leader
Democratic Authoritari
an
Subordinates are Subordinates are told
allowed to without of the leaders
limits decision

20. ROLE OF NURSING LEADERS
Widen nursing horizons
To enhance professional knowledge
and skill
Strive towards professional
autonomy

21. SKILLS THAT A NURSE SHOULD POSSESS FOR BEING AN EFFECTIVE
LEADER
CRITICAL THINKING
DECISION MAKING
PROBLEM SOLVING

22. LEADING A CHANGE
BUILDING TEAMS
POWER , POLITICS, POLICY

23. TYPES OF DECISIONS
Routine
decisions
Innovative
decisions
Routine decisions can be used to respond to frequently occurring, common,
and reasonable well
Innovative decisions are made when the situation or problem is unusual and
the rules and guidelines do not clearly define or dictate s course of action.
Nurses, from the bedside to top administration, need to make these kinds of
decisions frequently.

24. PROBLEM SOLVING
Problem solving should be group
involving all individuals or groups
affected by the problem. Problems
can also be viewed as opportunities to
make change and improve outcomes.
Start the investigation with who, what,
when, where why, and how.

25. NURSES LEADING CHANGE
Change means to be different, to
cause to be different, or to alter.
Change may be personal or
organizational and can occur
suddenly or incrementally.

26. GROUP WORK
Even though nurses may deliver care as individuals, they are
usually part of a care giving team working in concert. Nurses
usually work in diverse care giving. As the size of the group
grows, group dynamics become more complex, and the
opportunities for misunderstanding friction, and conflict grow.
GROUP STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
• Stage 1 FORMING
• Stage 2 STORMING
• Stage 3 NORMING
• Stage 4 PERFORMING

27. POWER- it’s the ability to control, dominate, or
manipulated the actions of others.
Power is important in nursing because having it is
necessary to achieve goals as individual,
professionals and leaders
POLITICS- power & politics are the means to
achieve the health care goals in compassionate
and human ways.
POLICIES- these are the written directives or
actions to follow to meet the identified ends and
goals.
The three major parts of policy are;
1.A purpose or goal
2.A policy rule
3.Actions to be followed to implement rule

28. MANAGEMENT
The “word manages “came from the word “hand”.
Managing means handling things. nurses manage
care for individual clients, families, and communities
in hospitals, outpatient settings, clinics, health
departments, home health agencies as well as in
other specialized health care organizations.

29. DEFINITION
• management is defined as the process by
which a co operative group directs action
towards common goals.-Joseph Massie
• Never tell people how to do things. Tell them
what to do and they will surprise you with
their ingenuity. –George S. Patton

30. MANAGEMENT THEORY
TIME MOTION THEORY
HUMAN INTERACTION THEORY
MOTIVATIONAL THEORY

31. QUALITIES OF A MANAGER:
• Have an assigned position within formal organization
• Are expected to carry out specific actions.
• Manipulate individuals, the environment, money, time and
other source to achieve goals.
• Have a greater formal responsibility and accountability and
control than leaders.
• Direct willing and unwilling subordinates

32. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
PLANNING
ORGANISING
STAFFING
DIRECTING
CO-ORDINATING
REPORTING
BUDGETING

33. NEED OF MANAGEMENT IN NURSING:
• Nurses need to be manager to manage change,
resolve conflicts and making organizational goals,
focus on care of patient, support of organization,
profession
• Management helps nurses to take decision in
organization.
• The role of management in nursing is to provide
opportunities for managers to manage their own
work and give clear directions to nursing
personnel.
• It provides opportunity for persons to manage
their own work and give clear directions.

34. MANAGEMENT FOR NURSES:
• TEAM BUILDER
• DECISION MAKER
• COMMUNICATOR
• NEGOTIATOR
• DELEGATOR
• MENTOR

35. SKILLS FOR BEING AN EFFECTIVE
MANAGER
• PLANNING AND MARKETING FOR AHEALTHY
ORGANIZATION
• MANGING PATIENT QUALITY AND PATIENT
SAFETY
• BUDGETING
• STAFFING
• MAXIMIZING EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE
• CELEBRATES CULTURAL DIVERSITY

36. BUDGETING
Nurses are entering into a new reality of practice that is
controlled by costs. nurses need to keep in mind that
money spent in any area must be budgeted. if unbudgeted
money is spent, if the category is over budget or over the
projected budget, then that money must be subtracted
from another area. there is not an infinite supply of
money that can be spent, no matter what the reason.
Keep In mind that practice makes perfect . Planning and
budgeting are learned skills.

37. ASSESSMENT PLANNING IMPLEMENTATION EVALUATION

38. THE NURSE MANAGER’S ROLE IN
BUDGETING
Today healthcare organizations understood the
importance of nursing involvement in the budget
process.
STAFFING
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
CULTURAL DIVERSITY

39. CONCLUSION
From the above studies, nurses must be prepared
to look into the matters of research, leadership
and management. Managerial concepts are
needed by nurses at all levels, focus on how to
deal with people, how to manage resources, how
to lead people to attain their goals and how to
manage ones job. Research is need to change the
outlook of the nursing professions and to widen
the horizons of nursing profession.