GEOGRAPHY DISASTER MANAGEMENT

1. DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL | PATNA
CLASS – X`F` | GROUP-IV

2. INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS
PRESENTED BY
Bal Mukund Bardhan
Ayushi Rakesh
Shikhar Tiwary
Kamal Pratik
Milind Gautam
Priyanshu Raj
Vaishnavi Roy
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3. Types of industries
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4. what is an industrial accident?
Industrial accident is an occurrence in an industrial
premises causing physical injury to an employee which
make him unfit to resume his duties in the next 48 hours
-FACTORY ACT-1948
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5. Impact & Element at risk
Science there is little or no warning of an industrial/chemical
accidents, the loss incurred is very high. There is a huge loss to
life, property, livelihood and environment. Hazardous materials
in various forms can cause death , serious injury, and damage
to buildings, homes and other properties. The areas close to an
industrial setup are under immediate threat. People working in
that industry or people residing in neighboring areas are
normally affected. There has been large number of incidents
where the farmers have faced crop loss because of the toxic
gases released by the industries into the air or polluting the
water.
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6. MAJORCHEMICAL
INDUSTRYACCIDENTS
• September 21, 1921: Oppau
explosion in Germany. Occurred when
a tower silo storing 4,500 tones of a
mixture of ammonium sulfate
and ammonium nitrate fertilizer
exploded at a BASF plant in Oppau,
now part of Ludwigshafen, Germany,
killing 500–600 people and injuring
about 2,000 more.
• December 3, 1984: The Bhopal
disaster in India is one of the largest
industrial disaster on record. A faulty
tank containing poisonous methyl
isocyanides leaked at a Union
Carbide plant. Estimates of its death
toll range from 4,000 to 20,000
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7. • April 27, 1978: Willow
Island disaster. A cooling
tower for a power
plant under construction
in Willow Island, West
Virginia collapsed, killing
51 construction workers.
The cause was attributed
to placing loads on
recently poured concrete
before it
had cured sufficiently to
withstand the loads. It is
thought to be the largest
construction accident in
United States history
MAJORCONSTRUCTION
INDUSTRYACCIDENT
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8. • July 17, 1944: Port Chicago
Disaster. A munitions explosion
that killed 320 people occurred
at the Port Chicago Naval
Magazine in Port Chicago,
California.
• August 9, 1965: Little Rock
AFB in Searcy, Arkansas. 53
contract workers were killed
during a fire at a Titan missile
silo. The cause of the fire was
determined to be a welding rod
damaging a hydraulic hose
allowing hydraulic vapors to leak
and spread throughout silo,
which were then ignited by an
open flame source.
MAJORDEFENCE
INDUSTRYACCIDENTS
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9. • May 1962: The Centralia,
Pennsylvania coal mine fire
began, forcing the gradual
evacuation of the Centralia
borough. The fire continues
to burn in the abandoned
borough in 2010, 48 years
later.
• March 1967: The Torrey
Canyon oil supertanker was
shipwrecked off the western
coast of Cornwall, England,
causing an environmental
disaster. This was the first
major oil spill at sea.
MAJORENERGY
INDUSTRYACCIDENTS
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10. • May 13, 2000: Enschede
fireworks disaster. A fire and
explosion at a fireworks depot
in Enschede, Netherlands leaves
22 people dead and 947 injured.
About 1,500 homes are
damaged or destroyed. The
damage is estimated to be over
US$ 300 million in insured losses.
• April 18, 2007: Qinghe Special
Steel Corporation disaster. A
ladle holding molten steel
separated from the overhead
iron rail, fell, tipped, and killed 32
workers, injuring another 6.
MAJORMANUFACTURING
INDUSTRYACCIDENT
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11. • January 30, 2000: Baia
Mare cyanide spill took
place in Baia
Mare, Romania. The
accident, called the worst
environmental disaster in
Europe since Chernobyl,
was a release of 100,000
tons of cyanide
contaminated water by a
Aurul mining company
due to reservoir broke into
the
rivers Someş, Tisza and Da
nube. Although no human
fatalities were reported,
the leak killed up to 80%
of aquatic life of some of
the affected rivers.
MINING
INDUSTRYACCIDENTS
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12. CASE STUDY
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13. 8/23/2015 INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT
BHOPAL GAS TRADEGY

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15. 1.BHOPAL GAS TRADGEY
• The Bhopal disaster was one of the world's worst industrial catastrophes.
It occurred on the night of December 2–3, 1984 at the Union Carbide
India Limited (UCIL)pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
• In November 1984, most of the safety systems were not functioning. Many valves and lines
were in poor condition. Tank 610 contained 42 tons of MIC, much more than safety rules
allowed.
• During the nights of 2–3 December, a large amount of water entered tank 610. A runaway
reaction started, which was accelerated by contaminants, high temperatures and other
factors. The reaction generated a major increase in the temperature inside the tank to over
200 °C (400 °F). This forced the emergency venting of pressure from the MIC holding tank,
releasing large volume of toxic gases. The reaction was sped up by the presence of iron
from corroding non-stainless steel pipelines.
• The leakage caused many short term health effects in the surrounding areas. Apart from
MIC, the gas cloud may have contained phosgene, hydrogen cyanide, carbon
monoxide, hydrogen chloride,oxides of nitrogen, monomethyl amine (MMA) and carbon
dioxide, either produced in the storage tank or in the atmosphere
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16. 2
• IR. David Kaufman, a partner in the Litigation Section, successfully represented Honeywell,
Inc., a defendant in litigation brought by workers who were injured and the estates of
workers who were killed in the largest industrial accident in the history of Mississippi.
• In May 2002, an explosion occurred at the Rouse Polymeric rubber recycling facility in
Vicksburg, resulting in a number of fatalities and multiple injuries to the workers. A number
of lawsuits were brought in Warren County Circuit Court against several defendants,
including Honeywell, Inc., seeking millions of dollars in damages for each injured worker
and the estates of the workers killed in the accident.
• Mr. Kaufman aggressively pursued and obtained summary judgment from the Court on
behalf of Honeywell; Honeywell was dismissed only nine months after being joined as a
defendant while discovery was in its early stages. This is the second major explosion case
that Mr. Kaufman successfully defended for a Brunini client. Mr. Kaufman previously was
lead counsel for Mississippi Chemical Corporation in litigation arising out of the massive
explosion of an ammonium nitrate manufacturing facility located in Sioux City, Iowa, the
largest identified accident in the history of that state. Mr. Kaufman and his Brunini team not
only successfully defended against the claims brought against their client, but they also
recovered a multi-million dollar judgment against the manufacturers on Mississippi
Chemical’s defamation claim
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17. Mitigation Strategies
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18. HAZARD MAPPING
Inventories and maps of
storage locations of toxins or
hazardous substance along
with the possible
characteristics should be
displayed and known to all.
The community staying in the
immediate vicinity should be
aware of this hazard and its
possible effects in case of an
accident. The map should
determine the area that may
get affected in case an
accident occurs. A safe route
for evacuation in case of
emergency should be
marked on the map.
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19. Land use planning
Densely populated residential
areas should be located at a
distance from industrial
areas. A buffer zone should
separate the industrial and
the residential zone. Better
planning is required to
handle the waste that is
generated so that the
environment is not affected.
Safe disposal methods
should be planned before
setting up any industry.
Waste disposal sites should
be identified as part of the
planning process.
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20. Community
preparedness
The community should be
aware of the hazardous
installations and know
how to combat the
situation. The local
community has to be
informed about the
response steps to be
taken in case of an
accident. Community
members should monitor
the pollution levels of the
industry and participate in
mock drills for evacuation.
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21. THANK YOU
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