Geography year 8 slide. Landforms and landscapes.

1. Grade 8 Geography
Unit Two: Landscapes and Landforms

2. • In this unit you will have the opportunity to explore the
diversity of the world's landscapes and landforms. As you do
this you will investigate the processes responsible for the
formation of these landscapes and landforms.

3. What is a landscape?
• A landscape is a part of the Earth’s surface . A landscape is the
visible appearance of an area, created by a combination of
geological, geomorphological and biological features.
• What makes a landscape unique is that there are things in it
that make it look different from other landscapes. For
example, a desert is a landscape. The things in it, which make
it look unique, are landforms - these are the things that shape
the land. A landform in a desert is a sand dune.
• Therefore collective groups of landforms make up a
landscape.
• There are many different types of landscapes, often they are
categorised into the following broad categories: Natural and
Human/Constructed.

4. • Types of Natural landscapes (not limited to just
what is on this list):
Desert
Mountain ranges
Tropical rainforest
Karst
Riverine
Coastal
• Human/Constructed Landscapes:
Cities
Built landscapes (e.g. major harbours or farmland)

5. What is a landform?
• A landform is a distinctive geomorphic feature within a landscape on the
Earth’s surface. So they are the individual surface features of the Earth,
identified by their shape and size. They can range from large scale to
smaller scale, for example: dunes, plateaus, canyons, beaches, plains,
hills, rivers, cave, spring and valleys.
• Landforms are the result of a variety of physical processes (Geomorphic
processes). For example, the action of water, action of wind, glacial
action, weathering, and the movements within the earth's crust all create
and modify the Earth’s landforms.

6. Coastal Landscape
Landform features depicted in image above:
Sea arch, sea cliff, sea stack, and headland.

7. • Geomorphic Processes: are the physical processes studied by
Geographers that determine the shape and size of a landform.
These processes are the natural mechanisms of weathering,
erosion and deposition that result in the modification of the
surficial materials and landforms on the Earth’s surface.
Research task 1: read a few explanations of the terms underlined
below (national geographic website is quite good for geographical
terminology and explanations) and write your own personal
definition/response.
What is erosion?
What is deposition?
What is weathering?
Share these answers as a class.

8. • Erosion:
• Weathering is the process where rock is
dissolved, worn away or broken down into
smaller and smaller pieces. There are
mechanical, chemical and organic weathering
processes.
• Depostion:
Deposition is the process by which rocks, sand
and sediment are deposited by the forces of
erosion. Deposition is directly tied to the
processes of weathering and erosion

9. Research task 2:
• Read through handout from your teacher with explanations
and definitions of some of the different natural landscape
types and the specific landforms found within these. Glue this
into your book to refer to throughout the remainder of this
unit.
• List all the ‘landscapes’ that you can think of that exist within
Australia. Find a photo example of each natural landscape
type described in the handout given (within Australia) and
paste beside the explanation, identifying landform
characteristics. (One example has been done for you)

10. Task three:
Look at the image below and firstly try to identify the type of
landscape. Once you have done this list three landforms that you
can see within this landscape image. Research and find three
other examples of this landscape type found in South East Asia.