Impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on Students' Performance

1. RESEARCH PROPOSAL
THE IMPACT OF ICT USE OF TEACHERS ON
STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE IN HIGHER
EDUCATION
Presented by
Jamila khattak

2. Abstract
This paper aims at observing the connection between the employment of knowledge and
Information and communication technologies (ICT) with the students’ performance
in pedagogy. So far, monetary analysis in this regard did not give a clear consensus that the ICT
investments has an affect on the student’s accomplishment. Since the performance of a student
is reflected in instructional setting and teachers’ characteristics, the use of ICT could play an
important role of a determinant which affects the educational results.
The variations ascertained in students’ achievement, therefore additional associated with the
distinguished impact of ICT on normal informative factors. ICT uses want a modification within
the organization of upper education. Whereas ICT instrumentation use rates are growing in no
time within the world organization, the implementation of complementary structural styles is
incredibly slow and differs from one establishment to a different. This could make a case
for the established variations in students’ accomplishment. The study was conducted with on the
premise of past literature reviews of the years of 2000-2018.
Teacher mistreatment data, Use and angle Scales of ICT ascertain the students’ performance.
The results show that the foremost ordinarily used and well-known
ICT sorts among lecturers are the net, email and data processing, Skype and transmission of
teachers’ attitudes towards computers and therefore the web are typically positive. It absolutely
was additionally found that their attitudes vary with their years of expertise and levels of data.
Finally, we tend to replicate upon the importance of promoting the combination of ICT in
education to reinforce student performance.
Keywords: ICT use, (multimedia, Skype, & E-mail) students' performance, higher education
institute.

3. Introduction:
The term, information and correspondence advancements (ICT), alludes to the sort of innovation
that are acclimated transmit, store, make, offer or trade data. This wide meaning of ICT
incorporates such innovations as: radio, TV, video, DVD, telephone (both mounted line and cell
phones), satellite frameworks, PC and system equipment, programming; still in light of the fact
that the instrumentation and administrations identified with these advances, similar to video
conferencing and a bit of email. ICT in training recommends that educating and learning with
ICT.Data and innovation has a noteworthy task to carry out in shaping the new overall economy
to convey quick changes in the general public.
In the earlier decade, ICT has progressed and transformed at such a speed, that creating nations
have not the capacity to be abreast with the speed and hence they have been abandoned which
subsequently lack in their correspondence. ICT goes about as the established foundation of the
contemporary world; hence, understanding this innovation and its basic ideas is considered as a
component of the center of instruction (UNESCO, 2002). Innovation can possibly remodel the
methods for guidance, where and how learning happens and the jobs of understudies and
teachers in the instructional procedure (UNESCO, 2002a). ICT is changing instructional process
by contributing segments of solidarity to learning circumstances including virtual condition. It is
a powerful and compelling instrument for giving instructive chances; hence, it is hard to imagine
future learning circumstances that are not reinforced by data and correspondence innovation.
Instructive establishments may use ICT to improve the understudies with aptitudes and
information for the 21st century (Andoh, 2012), to such an extent that it can add to overall
availability to training, instructive correspondence, broadcasting of value showing learning
programs, teachers' expert development and to help in getting a more viable instructive
administration. Consequently, availability, consideration and standard being the key issues of
instruction, can be serenely tended to through ICT. ICT enhances the standard of training by
empowering learning through progressing dialog, postponed time talk, coordinated guidance,

4. self-learning, basic reasoning, information chasing and examination (Yuen, Law and Wong,
2003). Usage of ICT can improve results, guidance, organization and make critical capacities in
the underprivileged gatherings (Sharma, 2003), and in the meantime impact educational
guidance and research process (Yusuf, 2005).
In teaching practice of classrooms, the utilization of ICT is basic as it offers opportunity to the
educators and students to work, conserve, control and recover information other than to advance
self-directed and dynamic education (Ali, Haolader and Muhammad, 2013). ICT-based learning
includes an extended affinity towards communitarian learning between students and educators,
not simply in an explicit classroom. This sort of cooperation is rather than the ordinary learning
condition, for instance, separate learning rouses instructors and students to participate in adapting
even over educational time (Ali, Haolader and Muhammad, 2013).
Problem of the statement:
As we know Pakistan is a developing country and we are living in the 21st century. The world
has turned into a global village and the use of ICT has become common to make the life easier in
every way. New technologies are becoming famous all over the world, new strategies, skills new
inventions. The use of ICT has revolutionarised the performance of research scholars which
made it easy for them to obtain the related information which was traditionally extracted using
library books in the university. The study explores the influence of ICT on the performance of
students and what challenges and issues they face. It will also consolidate that whether the use of
ICT is affective at university level or not.
Research Question
What is the impact of ICT use by teachers on student performance at university level?
To Explore the problem which students faced in gaining information?
Rational
The present study will explore how much the influence of ICT at university level in Pakistan,
ICT is not only the social activities, also influences the economic division. The present study

5. helps to explore the major cause of students’ academic failure to access the use of ICT. Research
will be exploring the present solution of the academic problems which students facing at the
difficulties in educational matters.
Literature Review
The role of ICT at university level:
Numerous studies have tried to describe the part of ICT in higher education and explain the value
of information and technologies in the classroom and on student performance. This literature
explores the impact of computer in the student’s performance. As we know teachers always
impart a very important role in the classroom to improve the quality of students learning. The
ICT tools like multimedia, Skype, and electronic mail are very useful tools in education and their
impact is long lasting. Due to this drastic shift of internet revolution more focus has been paid on
the use of ICT and its impact on the performance of Pakistani students. These uses include the
use of interneet by both teachers and students, having online courses, using digital devices and
browsing wikis and blogs etc. By studying this literature, we came across the mixture of ideas on
the listed topic. There is a contradiction in autors where majority agrees on the useful benefits of
ICT and few argue the other way(Angrist and Lavy, 2002).
ICT plays a role in students’ achievement:
The effect of ICT on student achievement at university level of higher education in Pakistan is
incomplete without computers. The students learn more faster with computer as compare the
others students who don’t have used computer. Sosin et al. (2004).
ICT use in common office automation software can help to keep maintain the records of
individual students, moreover with teaching material and textbook were available in electronic
form, students can adopt easily just clicking one button and get all information which they need
to require. This consistant trend helps in long term student motivation after the use of
information and communication technology at university level(Anja Balanskat, 2007; Oscar
Becerra, 2010).

6. Use of Multimedia in Education
The use of multimedia in education has been tremendously effective in coaching people with a
wide variety of topics. Multimedia is converting the ways we interact with every individual.
While using multimedia in classroom student can learn more comfortably as compare to other
methods. Some time studies based on extreme information, a lecture is mixed on images or
videos that can help individuals to understand the topic more effectively (Salem’s study 2000).
Multimedia increase the affectiveness of traditional ways of imparting learning and also escalates
academic accomplishment of students. By using multimedia, in education, teachers can
positively improve the performance of students (Akkoyunlu and Yılmaz, 2005).
A program using multimedia ensures developing the competence in different subject including
Mathematics, English languages by students, which they faced difficulties in these areas (obaid
2001). The several of ICTs applied in coaching and learning may be utilized in universities for
special reasons, for example, some students need to improve their learning and communicates
skills through using multimedia (Valasidou, Sidiropoulos, Hatzis and Bousiou-Makridou, 2005).
Multimedia shown highest rate of information preservation and the result which we get from
multimedia for shorter learning time (Ng and Komiya, 2000). The result of using multimedia
with universities students turns positive attitudes in the direction of its application (Neo and
Neo, 2001).
A study by Ubogu (2006) agrees to the view about multimedia properties which facilitates the
human knowledge irrespective of time, in a very effective way. The use of multimedia
technology in Pakistani universities has great worth, in universities and different research
organizations in Pakistan and as well as western countries. These technologies play a role of
success in any field, ICT is an essential component of education. However, Babajide (2003)
there is a different type multimedia communications, which include computer, software,
hardware, projectors, videos, slides and so on.

7. Skype:
Skype is another free tool and it is a very useful tool in educational purpose the impact of Skype
at university level is positive and effective for student learning. These tools provided by teachers
in the classroom to make their lectures more interactive and exciting. This tool is best for
learning the English languages in higher education which allows students to meet other students
irrespective of time and distance. It also facilitates them to talk to experts ideas (Graddol, and
Courtnet 2015).
In the language classroom Skype helps to those students who faced difficulties in learning
languages, Skype enhances the skills through native speakers (Eaton, 2010) Skype also help
those students who have low capacity or need extra care (Mirtschin, 2008). Students can make a
call through Skype for Life Communication with other university teacher it can make easier
contact with teachers to talk with them, read, write and watch (Smith, 2009).
Skype can also help for disabled students who cannot come to the university properly and face
difficult to play a proper part in class from home (Stephenson, 2009).
Students belong from different environmental locations can be connected by Skype with their
teachers, assistance and class fellows (Eaton, 2010). Skype has also played an important role
when university conducts a field trip for student, its communicate with their parents to join
lively field trip thru Skype and make calls to inform them about their kids. it also helps in make
call or discussion about students result with parents (Waters, 2007; Xiao, 2008).
Ideas for Using Skype
Personal Use
Both teachers and students can use Skype app with their personal use like family friends and
others reasons.
Organizational Use
Many non-profit organizations prefer to use Skype because it is very cheap as compared to land
line telephones from Skype account you can call on telephones and as well as mobile phones.

8. The Use by Leadership
Managers often make use of technologies including video and conference calsl through Skype
for engaging in long distance interactions. The use of technology made the official corresponding
very easy compared to traditional acts of cuddling telephone on shoulders.
Program Marketing
Marketing and business is all about making everlasting ties mainly in educational field
(Drysdale, n.d.; Eaton, 2009). Build a minimum relationship with students it will be done to
make an account of Skype that student can call and ask about their quires and these call
answered by teachers or clerical staff.
E-mail used by the Teachers
Emails are widely used at every level in every organization to spread information thru one
person to another person within the staff or employees and as it is teachers used emails to inform
their student about new assignments, task, and homeworks to facilitate students (Harris and
Jones, 2000). Such different studies described the use of email and analyzed its intangible basis
which guarantee the ffectiveness of performance (Alexander, Zhao, & Underwood, 2002;
Clingerman, & Bernard, 2004).
Some researchers describe the underlying benefits of email use, its contributions towards
academic performance to improve the student skills that he or she actively performs and check
their mail to learn what teachers send the students for the next task (Sather and Mawr, 2007).
These benefits include: building interpersonal skills; developing insight; cognitive task
constructing, cautious analysis, critical thinking, planning, reflection and awareness about others
behavior (Boxie, 2004; Cook-Sather & Mawr, 2007).
Studies have recommended that email utilize empowers psychosocial, scholastic, and expert
advancement and, further, that it can bolster the vital communication among subjective and
noncognitive parts of learning (Burgstahler and Cronheim, 2001).

9. Methodology
Method
The Qualitative research method used for this study, In this study, we reviewed the available and
related articles to the research subject and objectives reviewed the recent article from the year of
2000-2018
Searching words
Searching words used for the impact of information and communication technology used by
teachers to enhance the student performance at university level in Pakistan.
Search engines
Search engines of this study were Google scholar, Bing, Yahoo and Ask. Com.
Significance of the study
The current research will help the establishments to implement the tren of using ICT in the
universities of Pakistan, and allow them to make changes in their teaching endeavors to boost the
performance of students. This study will be promoted the student’s performance and enhance
their inner abilities and make the work easier.
Delimitations
This study was prepared by reviewing the prevailing literature. The researcher has only reviewed
the university level researches that were conducted during the years 2000-2018 The researcher
has just utilized the online means for the current investigation.
Limitations
Because of the deficiency of time requirement researcher was not able gather any quantitative
information.

10. Findings
The Researcher identified some major factors after review previous research.
 Most of the teachers are having an inspirational state of mind towards the
utilization of ICT at university level in Pakistan.
 ICT assumes an important part to enhance the student learning execution. This
demonstrates ICT plays out a job more than educational for most university
students.
 Data correspondence innovation (ICT) is among the most recent advancements
that has reformed different activities in the world.
 It is especially overbearing in the field of training since it has as of late made such
stages and openings that have encouraged to some degree the obtaining of
information.
 . The investigation additionally exposes that in excess of 50% of the students keep
accounts via web-based networking media. This demonstrates ICT plays out a use
more than scholarly for most university students.
 Another disclosure of this investigation was that students who score higher
evaluations in GPA are more intrigued by ICT than their partners who score bring
down evaluations .
 It is likewise prescribed that all understudies might be told about the genuine
esteem and utility of ICT. This is on the grounds that, in numerous organizations
of higher taking in, the utilization of ICT, for example, web crawlers have
supplanted library.
 The students who neglect to get data from the library get it from web look into.
The understudies who neglect to get data from the library get it from web explore.
Recommendations
After thorough deliberation on the above mentioned findings, it is recommended that:
 Government must provide these facilities in all the universities of Pakistan.

11.  It should require to provide the best electronic equipments in universities, like computers,
internet facility, mice, and etc.
 Government should provide grants to establish the new computer labs in all universities
of Pakistan.
 It is required to train good teachers.
 Students learn more easily thru ICT and enjoy their learning while using the internet.
 The heads should demonstrate more enthusiasm for the utilization of ICT instruments to
ensure successful, executive the learning procedure of the student.
 The executives should fabricate more trust in ICT apparatuses in having the ability to
deal with and process information inside a quickest wanted speed.
Conclusion
Last but not least, with the end goal to use the value of ICT in higher education it is an
imperative to include every functionary in ICT. This study, along these lines, prescribes that
every one of the gatherings should to be associated with these segments of ICT that are
applicable to their particular effective unit or office. The current study was restricted at the
higher educational dimension of Pakistan. The majority of teachers have positive remarks about
using new techniques and innovations, because these tools play an integral part in student
performance and improve their learning abilities. The role of ICT play an important part in
every student life and teachers and institutions have to provide them these facilities at that level.
Further work is hence required to examine every one of these regions.

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