Constructing the Pirate: Illegal Downloading and the Ethics of Consumption
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The document discusses various perspectives on illegal downloading and piracy. It outlines campaigns that portray downloading as theft. It also notes academic studies that characterize piracy in negative terms like "unethical" and "misbehavior." However, the document questions these perspectives and whether they exclude other possible views, such as seeing piracy as a positive economic force or form of media consumption. It suggests the issue is more nuanced and complex than typically portrayed.
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Constructing the Pirate: Illegal Downloading and the Ethics of Consumption
- 1. Constructing the Pirate: Illegal Downloading and the Ethics of Consumption Jason.Rutter@soc.kuleuven.be Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 2. Piracy is a Crime campaign Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 3. You wouldn’t steal a car. You wouldn’t steal a handbag. You wouldn’t steal a television. You wouldn’t steal a movie. Downloading pirated films is stealing. Stealing is against the law. Piracy. It’s a crime. Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 4. “There is no difference with going into a store and stealing Pringles or a handbag and taking this stuff” James Murdoch Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 5. Consumption without Purchase •Downloader as thief •Stealing physical goods = copying digital ones •Downloading is like crime against the person Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 6. ‘dishonestly appropriates property belonging to another with the intention of permanently depriving the other of it.’ UK 1968 Theft Act Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 7. Piracy does not deprive ownership of goods but control over the selling of goods. Problem of maximising profits when scarcity cannot be managed. Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 8. Knock Off Nigel campaign Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 9. He’s the type of man that does things on the cheap, He gave his girlfriend a watch he found in the street. He buys knock-off DVDs. He’d rob his own gran. He scrounges his drinks. What a grubby little man. Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 10. Downloaders as Bad People •‘a grubby little man’ •‘a real creep’ •‘steals money from whip ‘rounds’ •‘does things on the cheap’ •‘scrounges his drinks’ •‘He’d rob his own gran’ Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 11. ‘There are more ways than ever to enjoy music legally.’ ‘Make the ethical choice.’ http://www.whymusicmatters.org/) Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 12. But this is just good business... Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 13. ...surely academic researchers don’t see it the same way. They are clever and critical... Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 14. Piracy is: ‘unethical’ (Mitchell et al., 2009; Cohn & Vaccaro, 2006; Hinduja, 2003) ‘misbehaviour’ (Albers-Miller, 1999; Harris & Dumas, 2009) ‘questionable’ (Freestone & Mitchell, 2004; Hinduja, 2008) ‘corruption’ (Coyle et al., 2009) ‘aberrant’ (Freestone & Mitchell, 2004) Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 15. University students are targeted for analysis [...] because school is where honorable ethical values must be instilled and strengthened. Piracy undermines the integrity of the educational institution. [...] [P]erhaps software piracy will inevitably precipitate additional forms of unethical and unlawful computer and network usage, such as the sale of boot- legged copyright material, hacking, Internet stalking, and even dabbling in child pornography. Hinduja, 2003, p.50 Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 16. Lacking in moral substance or self-control (Morris and Higgins, 2009; Malin and Fowers, 2009) Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 17. [D]igital piracy, more than any other dysfunctional consumer behaviour, has significantly impacted on companies’ business models. Harris and Alexia Dumas, 2009, p.380 Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 18. Money Morality Harm Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 19. Downloading Loss in Sales Loss in Revenue Economic Harm A wilfully harmful act is an unethical act Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 20. Physical Digital Total Sales 160 128 96 Million 64 32 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 UK Singles Sales Source BPI Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 21. Physical Units Digital Units Total Units 2000 1500 Million 1000 500 0 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 USA Music Sales Source RIAA Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 22. Economics is: ‘free from any ideological, theological, or moral philosophy’ (Alvey, 1999, p.53) Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 23. Normative ethics that don’t map onto the norms Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 24. Pirates may be a minority but can we claim they form a subculture? Between 2006 & 2009 Davenport Lyons sent out 95% 6000 33% letters threatening legal Amount of downloaded action against alleged downloader’s content One third of people music for which rights have knowingly bought owner receives no unless they paid ₤500 counterfeit or pirated payment. (IFPI, 2009) The recovery rate was goods. (Bryce & Rutter, between 20-35%. 2008) Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 25. Discourse excludes possibilities of: • Piracy as a positive economic force • Copyright as a form of exploitation • Market management should not take precedence of social liberties • Piracy as form of consumption • That consumption as routine, situated and contextual Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 26. Downloaders of illegally copied games tend to be male, below 40 and heavy technology users. Just like players of computer games. Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 27. We realise that It’s a little less complicated than that. Well sort of... Thursday, 7 April 2011
- 28. What abo ut the context o f consumpt ion? The socia l backgrou nd to items download ed? The role o f digital media? Thursday, 7 April 2011