Basic Information About Android

1. ANDROID
Presented by
JAASIR NAZIR WANI
132262601006
AN OPEN PLATFORM FOR MOBILE DEVELOPMENT

2. TOPICS
 Introduction
 History
 Features
 Android Devices
 Android Versions
 Android Architecture

3. INTRODUCTION
 Android is a software stack for mobile devices that includes
an operating system, middleware and key applications.
 Based on the Linux kernel;
 Developed by Google and later the Open Handset
Alliance(OHA)
 Allows writing code in the Java and C/C++ language;
 Simply: Android is a combination of three components:
 A free, open-source operating system for mobile devices
 An open-source development platform for creating mobile
applications
 Devices, particularly mobile phones, that run the Android operating
system and the applications

4. HISTORY
 Initially, Andy Rubin founded Android Incorporation in Palo
Alto, California, United States in October, 2003.
 In 17th August 2005, Google acquired android Incorporation.
Since then, it is in the subsidiary of Google Incorporation.
 The key employees of Android Incorporation are Andy
Rubin, Rich Miner, Chris White and Nick Sears.

5. OPEN HANDSET ALLIANCE(OHA)
 It's a consortium of 84 companies such as Google, Samsung,
AKM, Synaptic, KDDI, Garmin, Teleca, EBay, Intel etc.
 It was established on 5th November, 2007, led by Google. It is
committed to advance open standards, provide services and
deploy handsets using the Android Platform.
 This group of companies are allowed to use source code of
Android and develop applications.
 Reason for Nokia not to develop Android Mobiles is Nokia is
not part of OHA.

6. OPEN HANDSET ALLIANCE(OHA)

7. FEATURES
 It is open-source.
 Anyone can customize the Android Platform.
 Android is a multi-process system, in which each application
(and parts of the system) runs in its own process.
 Android supports wireless communication using:-
 3G Networks
 4G Networks
 802.11 Wi-Fi Networks
 Bluetooth Connectivity
 User gets millions of applications that user can not get in any
other mobile operating system.
 Android supports advanced audio/video/still media formats such
as MPEG-4, MP3, MP4, and AAC, AMR, JPEG, PNG, GIF.
 Developing an android application is not tough using
SDK(standard development kit) and java emulator we can easily
develop applications that we want.

8. TYPES OF ANDROID DEVICES
Galaxy Note 3 Galaxy Tablet

9. Android-Powered Microwave
Android-Powered Watch

10. Android-Powered Camera
Android-Powered TV

11. Android-Powered Car
Radio
Android-Powered Washing
Machine

12. ANDROID VERSIONS, CODENAMES, API

13. BRIEF DESCRIPTION
 Android Beta
 First Version of Android.
 The focus of Android beta is on testing incorporating usability.
 Android beta will generally have many more problems on speed
and performance.
 Android Aestro and Blender
 First full version of android.
 Released on September 23, 2008.
 Wi-Fi and Bluetooth support.
 Quite slow in operating.
 Copy and paste feature in the web browser is not present.

14.  Android Cupcake 1.5
 Released on April 30, 2009.
 Added auto-rotation option.
 Copy and Paste feature added in the web browser.
 Increased speed and performance but not up to required level
 Android Donut 1.6
 Released on September 15, 2009.
 Voice search and Search box were added.
 Faster OS boot times and fast web browsing experience.
 Typing is quite slower.
 Android Éclair 2.0/2.1
 Released on October 26, 2009.
 Bluetooth 2.1 support.
 Improved typing speed on virtual keyboard, with smarter
dictionary.
 no Adobe flash media support.

15.  Android Froyo 2.2
 Released on May 20, 2010.
 Support for Adobe Flash 10.1
 Improved Application launcher with better browser
 No internet calling.
 Android Gingerbread 2.3
 Released on December 6, 2010.
 Updated User Interface with high efficiency and speed
 Internet calling
 One touch word selection and copy/paste.
 New keyboard for faster word input.
 More successful version of Android than previous versions.
 not supports multi-core processors.
 Android Honeycomb 3.0
 Released on February 22, 2011.
 Support for multi-core processors
 Ability to encrypt all user data.
 This version of android is only available for tablets.

16.  Android IceCreamSandwich(ICS) 4.0
 Released on November 14, 2011.
 Virtual button in the UI.
 A new typeface family for the UI, Roboto.
 Ability to shut down apps that are using
data in the background.
 Android JellyBean 4.1
 Released on June 27, 2012.
 Restricted profiles
 Smoother user interface.
 Bluetooth smart ready
 Multi language support

17. LATEST VERSION KIT-KAT
 New version released on 31 October 2013
called Android 4.4 KitKat.
 It was long-rumoured that the follow up to Jelly Bean
would be “Key Lime Pie”, however in a deal with
Nestle, Google named Android 4.4 after the Kitkat
chocolate biscuit.

18. FEATURES
 “OK Google”
 You don’t need to touch the screen to get things done. When on
your home screen* or in Google Now, just say “Ok Google” to
launch voice search, send a text, get directions or even play
a song
 Full-screen immersion
 Kitkat hides the status bar and menu bar when in full screen
mode
 Print wherever, whenever
 Bluetooth MAP support
 Android now supports the Message Access Profile
(MAP) so Bluetooth-enabled cars can exchange
messages with your devices.
 Faster multitasking
 The future is calling
 Newly redesigned Quickoffice.

19. ANDROID ARCHITECTURE

20. ARCHITECTURE PART 1/5
Android provides a set of core applications:
 Email Client
 SMS Program
 Calendar
 Maps
 Browser
 Contacts
 Etc
All applications are written using the Java language.

21. ARCHITECTURE PART 2/5
 Enabling and simplifying the reuse of
components
 Developers have full access to the same framework
APIs used by the core applications.
 Users are allowed to replace components.

22. ARCHITECTURE PART 2/5
Features

23. ARCHITECTURE PART 3/5
 Libc: c standard lib.
 SSL: Secure Socket Layer
 SGL: 2D image engine
 OpenGL|ES: 3D image engine
 Media Framework: Core part of Android multi-media
 SQLite: Embedded database
 WebKit: Kernel of web browser
 FreeType: Bitmap and Vector
 SufraceManager: Manage difference windows for different
applications
 Including a set of C/C++ libraries used by components of the Android
system
 Exposed to developers through the Android application framework

24. ARCHITECTURE PART 4/5
Core Libraries
Providing most of the functionality available in
the core libraries of the Java language
APIs
Data Structures
Utilities
File Access
Network Access
Graphics, etc.

25. ARCHITECTURE PART 4/5
 Dalvik Virtual Machine
 Providing environment on which every Android application
runs
 Each Android application runs in its own process, with its
own instance of the Dalvik VM.
 Dalvik has been written such that a device can run multiple
VMs efficiently.
 Register-based virtual machine
 Executing the Dalvik Executable (.dex) format
 .dex format is optimized for minimal memory footprint.
 Compilation
 Relying on the Linux Kernel for:
 Threading
 Low-level memory management

26. ARCHITECTURE PART 5/5
 Relying on Linux Kernel 2.6 for core system services
 Memory and Process Management
 Network Stack
 Driver Model
 Security
 Providing an abstraction layer between the H/W and the rest
of the S/W stack

27. THANK
YOU