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- 1. Week 2: Unit 2 – Finding Information: Identifying and Selecting Sources CAS101 Information Fluency
- 2. “Information is the mortar that both builds and destroys empires.” Tobsha Learner
- 3. Selecting Sources How to pick the best resources for your project? Choices, choices.
- 4. Selecting Sources • Focus the selection of choices from the start: – Is your research on a current topic or a historical one? – Do you need information written for experts or scholars in their disciplines or for general readers? – Do you need books? Peer-reviewed articles from journals? Articles from magazines or newspapers?
- 5. Selecting Sources • Popular vs. Scholarly Information – Popular: written for general readers – Scholarly: information written for experts and scholars in their disciplines.
- 6. Scholarly Works by Quinnipiac Faculty
- 7. Selecting Sources • Popular vs. Scholarly is: – News/Fun vs. Serious – Ease of Reading vs. Quality of Content
- 8. Selecting Sources Popular • General interest stories & opinion pieces • Easily understood language • Not Peer Reviewed • Rarely give bibliographic citations • Not structured format Scholarly • Original research and inquiry • Scholarly or technical language • Often Peer Reviewed • Include full citations for sources • Structured format
- 9. Selecting Sources • Which is Better?
- 10. Understanding Scholarly Writing • You will become well-versed in the language of the discipline and in scholarly writing.
- 11. Popular vs. Scholarly • Quick publishing vs. complex research work, writing, and publishing process
- 12. Popular vs. Scholarly • How to choose? May need some popular materials Researching a Current Social Issue Definitely scholarly materials Need Scientific Data Ask your professor or a librarian for advice Not Sure
- 13. Historical vs. Current • Presentation of Topic over Time – Historical materials - analysis of Vietnam War from 1968 – Current materials – view of Vietnam War today – Most recent scientific data
- 14. Historical vs. Current • Obsolete Data • Things change and what was once true may no longer be true. • This is especially true in the scientific, medical, and legal fields.
- 15. Historical vs. Current • Need something old, new or some of both? – Researching a modern celebrity? – A classic celebrity? – If it's a classic celebrity do you want to know what people thought of her when she was alive, or what people think of her now?
- 16. Historical vs. Current • Need something old, new or some of both? – Are you doing medical research? – Do you need to know the origins of your medical topic or the latest and safest techniques?
- 17. Historical vs. Current • Take a Topic - Piece of Literature - Film - Philosophical Idea - Medical Idea - A Person At what point in the timeline of that topic do you want to access information on it?
- 18. Library Sources
- 19. Sources of Information • Databases – Databases are digital collections of information - usually journal, magazine, and newspaper articles; some even include books.
- 20. Sources of Information • General vs. Subject Databases – Variety of subjects – Intended for students or general readers – Narrow subject range – Targeted at experts and researchers
- 21. You, a Quinnipiac Student A Doctor at National Institutes of Health (NIH) Sources of Information • Different Needs: Journal articles on H1N1 - Paper on effects of H1N1 flu scare on college campuses - Conducting research on H1N1 vaccine
- 22. Sources of Information • Different Needs: Journal articles on H1N1 - Paper on effects of H1N1 flu scare on college campuses - Need overviews of H1N1 flu scare & college administration issues - Conducting research on H1N1 vaccine - Needs authoritative medical journal articles on H1N1 immunology and biochemistry You, a Quinnipiac Student A Doctor at National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- 23. Sources of Information • Different Needs: Journal articles on H1N1 You, a Quinnipiac Student A Doctor at National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- 24. Choosing a Database General DatabasesGeneral Databases Subject DatabasesSubject Databases
- 25. Choosing a Database • Databases link on library homepage
- 26. • Library Database Subject Groupings Choosing a Database
- 27. Choosing a Database • Subject Database List Example
- 28. Free Web vs. Library Sources
- 29. Free Library Material Website found on Google Online & Print Encyclopedias Free Web vs. Library Sources Background Information / Reference
- 30. Free Library Material Free Web vs. Library Sources Scholarly, Peer-reviewed Journal Articles Website found on Google Journal of American History
- 31. Library Material Newspaper Article Online Free Newspaper Database Free Web vs. Library Sources Newspapers
- 32. Google Book found Online Free Web vs. Library Sources Books Library MaterialFree Book found at the Library, e-book or paper copy
- 35. Suggested Resources • Choose a variety of resources – Several articles, mainly be scholarly – A book or two – Some other media – Some thoughtful websites
- 36. What you've learned so far: • Selecting information sources: – library materials or the free web. – popular or scholarly materials or both. – current or historical materials or both. – general or subject databases. • Ask a librarian for advice if you need it!
- 37. Next Steps: • Complete Quick Quiz 2 – Identifying Sources in Blackboard • Review the video posted on Blackboard called Scholarly vs. Trade vs. Popular Articles • Review the PDF of Pop Scholar see above • ASSIGNMENT???? Go to the library homepage and explore these resources. See what you can find on a topic that interests you.
Notas del editor
- Welcome to this lesson on finding information. We will be discussing the need for information as a student at Quinnipiac. We will identify the different types of information sources and the benefits they offer to you for course assignments. The process of selecting the appropriate sources to meet the research requirements will then be presented. Finally, discussion will center on search terms, limiting the search results to more on-point articles and books, and then retrieving and evaluating those resources found to be of interest.
- Information is the mortar that both builds and destroys empires” ― Tobsha Learner, The Witch of Cologne
- When selecting the tools and materials you'll use to do your research (databases, books, journals, magazines, newspapers, etc.) ask yourself the following questions to FOCUS the selection of choices from the start:
- It is important to focus on the type of information needed for the assignment. The answer to each of these questions makes a difference for where you should look for information. (wait enough time for a viewer to read the slide)
- POPULAR VS. SCHOLARLY is the difference between information written for general readers or information written for experts and scholars in their disciplines. It's the difference between the guy on TV who tells you that you should take all your money and buy gold, versus the qualified investment banker who helps you carefully put your money in a few savings and retirement accounts, and then starts you on building an investment portfolio.
- Our Quinnipiac faculty members write books and scholarly peer-reviewed journal articles in their disciplines in order to share their research with other scholars.
- Here are some other ways to look at Popular/Scholarly: Many popular materials are created to keep up with current events or simply to entertain. Scholarly materials are created for research, to record or share data, to philosophize. Some materials are written specifically for everyone to understand. Some materials are written by experts in a certain area of knowledge for other experts. The expert writing is more complicated but the content is more reliable; the writing for the general public is more laid back and easier to understand, but not necessarily the best information on a topic. In terms of your research, this means: The difference between a POPULAR MAGAZINE such as Time , versus a SCHOLARLY JOURNAL such as the Journal of American History .
- Scholarly and popular are terms used to describe a source’s content, purpose, audience and more. Popular sources are useful for getting ideas for a topic or for background and anecdotal information. Typically, however, you should support your arguments by citing scholarly articles which contain original research written by scholars and experts.
- Which is better, the original information or a summary? As always, check the assignment with your professor.
- Remember: As you take courses in your major you will become well-versed in the language of the discipline and the scholarly writing will be more understandable to you.
- Another issue is that experts and scholars (the authors of scholarly writing such as professors, researchers, scientists, etc.) take a while to do their work, write about it, have it reviewed by their peers and then publish it. For very current issues, such as news or pop culture, you may need to use popular sources.
- How to choose? Look at examples of both types of materials and see which is best for your needs. Your professor and the assignment may direct you to a particular type of source.
- HISTORICAL VS. CURRENT is the difference between resources written about something long after it's over versus resources written about it around the time that it happened. Pick the representation of your topic that you need. Do you need: Original materials from your topic’s beginnings? For example, articles or news broadcasts from 1968 analyzing the Vietnam War. Current analysis? For example, how do we view the Vietnam War today? Do you need the most modern data science has to offer about the effects of Agent Orange? The library has specific resources to cover all of those distinct information needs. Protestors photo: http://www.english-online.at/history/vietnam-war/vietnam-war-background.htm Battlefield photo: http://www.dangerouscreation.com/2012/02/vietnam-war-anniversary-has-anything-changed/Screenshot: Project Muse
- Things change and what was once true may no longer be true. While this may be of interest historically in any discipline, when it comes to current information you need to make sure that you`re using the most up-to-date sources available. This is especially true in the scientific, medical, and legal fields. In the case of medical information, that older data could be so wrong it could literally be harmful.
- Do you need something old or something new or some of both? An example is Marilyn Monroe. Quinnipiac students have researched her as her career was taking place and they have also researched how she is viewed today.
- Another example is the original surgical procedure developed years ago versus the arthroscopic procedure of today. Antique surgical instruments: http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects/surgery/A608302.aspx Arthroscopic instruments: http://www.intechopen.com/books/regional-arthroscopy/temporomandibular-joint-arthroscopy-versus-arthrotomy
- Your topic began at a single point in time, became important at some point, evolved, and was discussed. At some point maybe that topic stopped being of current importance and people started looking at it in a retrospective manner. Do you want the original material from its beginnings? A retrospective? Is the topic a current one and you need to know what people think now? Timeline source: http://maldenhistoryusii.wikispaces.com/file/view/Timeline_women%27s_rights.jpg/276573274/800x221/ Timeline_women%27s_rights.jpg
- Now that you are familiar with the choices to make when finding information, let’s look at the kinds of library resources that you will use to do your research.
- Library databases are a great way to find appropriate information for college assignments. Remember: Databases are digital collections of information - usually journal, magazine, and newspaper articles; some even include books. Databases can include the full text of resources or link to them.
- General versus Subject is the distinction between databases that include information on a variety of subjects and are intended for general readers, and databases that are targeted at experts and researchers in a particular field, the latter of which you will become during your studies at Quinnipiac
- You are writing a paper on the effect of the H1N1 flu scare on college campuses. There also happens to be a doctor at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) who is conducting research on the H1N1 vaccine. You both need journal articles for your projects, but do you need the same ones? Probably not .
- For your collegiate paper you need several overviews of the scare and other articles written in journals that cover issues in higher education administration. The doctor needs authoritative writing from medical journals: writing by other doctors like herself.
- You need to use a general database, such as OneSearch or ProQuest.
- The Bernhard Library has numerous databases that cover many different areas of study. OneSearch, ProQuest, and Academic Search Premier are GENERAL DATABASES that cover a large number of subjects through both popular and scholarly resources. Others, called SUBJECT DATABASES, cover a single area or a few areas very well. JSTOR is comprised of scholarly journals representing all disciplines in the College of Arts & Sciences studied at Quinnipiac. PsycINFO is the main database for the study of psychology SocINDEX is an important database in Sociology.
- The library has a link, Databases, on its homepage to identify and connect to a variety of databases:
- When clicked it shows the grouping of databases by broad subject categories.
- Once a category is selected the most frequently used databases appear at the top of the list. Remember that you can always ask a librarian for help if you're still unsure, that’s why we are here. Let us help you complete your assignment with appropriate resources and save you time.
- Let’s take a moment to compare some specific resources that you can get on the web and through the library.
- Background info is essential when you start your projects. Wikipedia contains a lot of information, but it can be hard to tell where it came from or if it's accurate. It's easy to play it safe using one of the library's online or print reference books.
- What is that thing you found on Google? Maybe it's something another student like yourself wrote, maybe it's something old, maybe it's great? It's hard to tell. You'd better plan to spend some time figuring that out. Or you could use highly regarded journals from the start and save your time. They may also be required by your professor.
- Newspaper articles are important to describe current events as they're happening. Some newspapers provide some (usually not all) of their content free online. The library has several databases that specialize in current and historical newspaper materials, locally and from around the world. Some are the Historical Hartford Courant, 1764-1922 and Historical New York Times, beginning in 1851, and Lexis/Nexis with current local, national and international coverage.
- Free books found online tend to either be older (out of copyright) or their content is only partially available. Either way you're seeing an incomplete picture of the topic. The library strives to keep its collection of books current on all topics in the library. It also keeps appropriate historical books to provide a complete picture on a topic .
- What kinds of materials do you need? We've got them all! Books will provide longer, broader and more in-depth information on a topic. Also remember discipline-specific reference encyclopedias for background or an overview written by scholars in the field. Find books in the library catalog; follow the Books/DVDs link on the Library homepage.
- As you saw before, you can use the Databases link to find scholarly, peer-reviewed journal articles and popular magazine and newspaper articles for shorter, detailed writing on specific topics.
- Well-rounded research typically includes a variety of materials, contingent on your topic. For most students, you should expect to include Several articles (because they're shorter) and they should mainly be scholarly (because their content is more reliable) A book or two to cover the topic in depth Some other media if you can find it and if it's appropriate for your topic Most students will also want to include some thoughtful websites to complement their broad selection of library materials
- Try to create well-rounded research by using a variety of different resources; use a combination of books, articles, media, and Internet sources. In general, library materials contain better content than materials from the free web. Decide whether you need popular or scholarly materials or both. Decide whether you need current or historical materials or both. Decide if you need to search general or subject databases. Ask a librarian for advice if you need it!