1. 44
PREFACE
Our project is a descriptive report on “IN PLANT TRAINING &
VISIT TO WORK”. It is a part of our syllabus. We all Textile
Engg. branch student have worked on it.
This project work presents the various information of spinning
mill section, followed by a wide range of chapters to explain
the concept clearly. We have explained the concepts clearly in
simple language.
we want to give respect to teachers MR. Kaushal Kant sir, MR.
Anand Krishna sir, MR. Surya nath chaudhary sir and Mr.
Ranjit sir who helped as for visiting a 4 week summer
trainning. After that, we also want to thanks to Mr. Rajeev
Ranjan sir, Mr. Anand sir, Mr. Arvind sir and Mr. Sinde sir
who instructed as in training period. We also thanks our senior
who guided to make this project.
At last, to make this project. mistake or fault left in this
project then excuse us.
Any suggestions for the improvement of this project work will
be warmly welcomed.
- ALL TEXTILE ENGG. STUDENTS

2. 44
NATIONAL TEXTILE
CORPORATION
LIMITED NEW DELHI
(A Govt. of India undertaking)
Brief description
Natioal Textile Corporation (NTC) is a central public
sector interprizes which comes under the "Ministry of
Textile". It was stablished in April 1969 for running
the sick textile mills in private sector, which was
undertaken by government.
In 1968, Primary period of NTC , there were total 16
mills running. This number increases continuously
and in 1972-73 total 103 mills were joined under it .
In 1974 , under the act of sick textile undertaking
act , all the mills were nationalised.In 1995, the
number of mills under NTC increases upto 119. All
the 119 mills were operated by NTC Ltd. though total
of 9 subsidiary , in which 10 crore ( 1.81 million us
dollar) was invested which increases time by time.
And now , it is about 7000 crore (1.27 million us
dollar) and paid-us share capital is about 4000 crore
(727 million us dollar).

3. 44
NTC (MP) LTD was also a subsidiary of NTC ltd
New Delhi which operates 7 continuously droping
mills in the region. These mills have old machines
and require heavy expence and great manpower, due
to that it continuously lose its economy and in 1992,
they have to register in BIFR. There were 5 mills out
of 7 stoped by the recognized project of BIFR. The
remaining 2 mills Burhanpur Tapti Mills, Burhanpur
and New Bhopal Textile Mills, Bhopal were updated.
Under the project, all the labours working in that 5
mills were given retirement by giving the WRF. And
the labours working in the 2 mills were given
MWRS.
Due to the decreasing number of mills and condition
of contemporary industries, On 01-04-2006 all 9
subsidiary companies are consolidated in NTC
headquarter, New Delhi.
A total of 78 non-profitable mills have been enclosed
and 2 mills are handover to the state government of
Pondicheri.
NTC has to update its all units by using its own
sources and 5 mills have been given joint venchor.
Fund required for upgradation will come by selling
the left or remaining land of NTC.

4. 44
NTC has 3 composite textile greenfield units which
are stablished at Ahmedabad(Gujrat),
Achalpur(Maharastra) and Hasan(Karnataka).
NTC has started a technical textile project with the
help of all the world leaders underjoint industrial
project.
************

5. 44
BURHANPUR TAPTI MILLS
Burhanpur, Madhya Pradesh
BRIEF DESCRIPTION
Burhanpur Tapti Mills is a unit of NTC LTD. ,New Delhi,
Indian Government , situated in Burhanpur, M.P..
Burhanpur is situated at the bank of river Tapti and the
border of Maharastra. It is an ancient and historical city
where many monuments of mugal times like Mumtaj
Mahal, Moti mahal, Kundi Bhandara, Asirgarh fort. This
city is ringed from three direction by the heavy and thick
walls of Shahi Mahal, which was made by Farukhhi
Emperors in 1502 and in one direction Tapti river is
situated. This city is situated at the railway line of central
railway New Delhi-Mumbai and near the Bhusawal
station.
Burhanpur Tapti Mill was stablished on 29 sep 1906 by
Mesars Hajibhai Laljibhai and co.
Due to continuous change in technology and no any invest
by the company , makes it in the row of sick udhhyog and
in 1970 it completely ceases. After a year, In 1971, this mill
started under state government.
Under the act of sick textile undertaking (nationalisation)
act 1974 by Govt. of India, Burhanpur Tapti Mill was
nationalized on 1 April 1974.

6. 44
At the time of nationalization of mill , it has a total of 47.85
acre land. In that composite textile mill, it has about 806
powerlooms, 38648 spindles and process house contains
everyday 2524 labours and 146 staffs on placement.
On 16 Dec 1987 , In spinning section of mill a very serious
fire accident happened which affect seriously the
machinary and building. After this accident, the mill had
left 7040 spindles only. After the fire accident, the mill run
a total of 48 looms and 7000 spindles and the process
house also loosed its strength. The mill protected its
existance somehow, wherein there is a vast contribution of
labours of this mill.
In 2008, there was a total of 24 crore invested in the₹
primary stage of innovation which makes it a mill of
19296 spindles and 250 daily labours.
In the secondary stage of innovation , a total of Rs. 96
crore waswas invested which stablished 31968 new
spindles. It increases the strength of mill from 31968
spindles to 51264 spindles and everyday average
production of cotton and synthetic yarn increases to 12
ton . The company is able to give daily work to 600 labours
in both old cotton spinning unit and new synthetic unit.
There is about 1000 peoples benifiting from this company
and its annual turn over reached about Rs. 90 crore. Mill
has also got ISO certificate.
Spindle strength of 19296 spindles

7. 44
mill in primary stage
Spindle strength of mill
in secondary stage
31968 spindles
Total spindle
strength of mill
51269 spindles
Invest in primary
stage
Rs. 24 crore
Invest in secondary
stage
Rs. 96 crore
Total invest Rs. 120 crore
Production of main
cotton count
44's & 46's
Increased spindle in
secondary stage
PC blend 32's , 54's & 58' s
There is also a cantin made under the developement
scheme M.S.- 08 of BIFR, which gives convenience to the
labours for taking lunch, sitting and drinking pure water.
*********

8. 44
Index
01.Introduction
Chapter No. Name of the chapter Page No.
01 INTRODUCTION 08-12
02 MIXING & BLENDING 13-14
03 BLOW ROOM 15-19
04 CARDING 20-25
05 DRAW FRAME BREAKER 26-29
06 DRAW FRAME FINISHER 30-34
07 SPEED FRAME 35-39
08 RING FRAME 40-47
09 WINDING (AUTOCORNER) 48-50
10 STEAMING 51-51
11 PACKING 52-53

9. 44
Spinning:-
Spinning may be defined as the art or techniques to produce
yarn by twisting of fibrous materials or any other method
from the fibre forming agents. spinning is the first step in the
textile manufacturing process for staple articles.
.
there are several spinning process
(rotor spinning, friction spinning, dref spinning) depending
upon the fibre used. However, the principle of spinning is the
same.
YARN:- yarn is an assembly of fibres that are twisted
together to form of continuous strand. Yarn may be made
from either sraple fibres or filament fibres. staple fibres are
twisted to hold them together into yarns. the type and lenght
of fibre, the type, ply and size of yarns and the amount of
twist given to yarns determine many of the characteristics of
fabrics made from the yarns.
STAGE OF SPINNING PROCESS
the spinning process basically consists of three
stages:-
(a) Reduction of strand thickness from the
supply roving or sliver to the required yarn
count.

10. 44
(b) the preservation of the further fibre
slippage usually by twist insertion.
(c) winding on to a package which is conveient
for handling and
which protects the yarn
Raw material godewn is the most primary and obviously integral
part of any mill, including Burhanpur tapti mill, Burhanpur . its
function is to receive raw material from ourside or same
department and deliver the material to the respective department as
per reuirment for further processe.

11. 44
of required raw material.
To receive the fresh goods or material from concerned department
and disparch it according to the requirement .
To receive the wastage and storing according to category and
packing also.
Type of godown:-
(a)Raw material godown
(b) top godown
(c)waste godown
Name of raw material:-
(a)cotton
(b) polyester staple fibre.
(c)viscose staple fibre
Material Supplier
Polyster staple fibre Indorama synthetic(I) LTD
Viscose staple fibre Grasim industries LTD
Birla Gram Nagda(M.P)
Cotton Bikangaone, Sanawad,
Bodwad, Khargone,
khetia, Barwaha.
Indorma Synthetic LTD (PSF):-
 den×cl=1.0×51mm
merge=45133
gross wt=429.5kg
net wt=428.2 kg
 den×cl=1.0×44mm
merge=44133
gross wr=426.3 kg
met wt.= 425 kg
luster =sd

12. 44
 BIRLA GRAM(VSF)
Denier× length=1.2×38
Type =B.B.G.S
Gross wt. =264.4 kg

13. 44
SPINNING UNIT
MILL CAPACITY
There are two section in NTC tapti mill. One section has
run blended fibre P/v, P/C, 100% polyester(PLANT-A) ,
100% cotton and Other section has run only 100%
cotton (PLANT-B).
PLANT - A = 1296 × 20 = 25920 Spindles
PLANT – B = 336× 2× 09 = 6048 Spindles
504× 2× 14 = 14112 Spindles
432× 2× 06 = 5184 Spindles
TOTAL = 51264 Spindles

14. 44
02.MIXING& BLENDING
 MIXING:-mixingis the process in which different grade same fibre
are kep together,then it si called “MIXING”.
 Blending:-when different fibres of same or different grades
are kept together then it is called “BLENDING”
 OBJECT OF THE MIXING:-
 Opening of viscose & polyester fibres.
 Conditioning &spraying of polyester.
 To mixing the different varieties of fibres.
 INPUT:- bale form
OUTPUT:- mixed fibres.
 MIXING & OPENING :- polyester staple fibre mainly coming
from dyeing department and staple fibre tufts are opened
in mixing & staple fibre bale coloured.
 REQUIRED MATERIAL FOR MIXING:-
 Dyed, sparkal, normal white fibres etc.
 Polyester- length (44mm), denier(1.5)
 Visocse – length (38mm), denier(1.4)

15. 44
 MIXING PROCEDURE:-
 Polyester: viscose=55:45
 Water:-2.26%
 Antistatic agent:- SLV- 80 oil & PEG- 0.02%
 24 hours left in atmosphere condition.
 NOTE:-water and SLV-80 used for only
polyester(chemical)fibres and PEG is used for sparkal
fibres.
 HUMIDITY AND TEMPERATURE:-
 Dry bulb = 86 F
 Wet bulb = 80 F
 Difference = 76 F
 Time = 02:00 PM
 R.H = 76%
 Date = 26/03/2015

16. 44
03.BLOWROOM
 BLOWROOM:- blow room consist for a series of machine and
material feed by air current.
 OBJECT:-
 Mixing and blending

17. 44
 Opening and cleaning
 To removal of impurities
 Formation of lap
 INPUT:- MIXED FIBRE
OUTPUT:-BLOW ROOM LAP
 MIXING:- mixing is the process in which different grade of
some fibres are mixed together.
 BLENDING:- when different fibres of same or different grade
are blend together.
 OPENING:- to open the bale fivers into small tufts, which will
allow foreign material to be separated from the fibre and
prepare the material for easy carding.
 CLEANING:- to chain the fibre by removing the foreign
matter as the waste. The foreign matter consist mainly of
seed coats, leaf sand and dust.
 FORMATION OF LAP:- finally blowroom to form a compact
uniform sheet of lap fibres.
 IT HAS THREE SECTIONS:-
 Dyed section (aero feed)

18. 44
 Grey section (lap system)
 Expansion (lap system)
 PASSAGE OF MATERIAL:-
Feed table feed lattice inclind lattice evener
roller  stripper roller
Stripper roller
 PARAMETERS OF BLOW ROOM:-
1. Speed of the feed table :- 6.6m/min
2. Speed of feed lattice :- 6.0 m/min
3. Speed of evener roller :- 175 rpm
4. Speed of evener roller :- 320rpm
5. Speed of stripping roller :- 290 rpm
6. Speed of first beater :- 852.71rpm
7. Speed of second beater :-753.85rpm
8. Speed of first fan :- 1781 rpm
9. Speed of second fan :- 2177 rpm
10. Speed of moter pulley :- 1440rpm
11. First beater diameter :- 230 mm
12. Second beater diameter :- 90 mm
13. Cell roller diameter :- 245 mm

19. 44
14. Feed roller diameter : - 80 mm
 SETTING:-
1. Evener roller to inclined lattice :-30mm
2. Gauge of piano feed :- 0.1mm
3. Feed roller to beater :-10-12mm
4. Stripping blade to beater :- 10-12mm
5. Efficiency of blowroom :- 90%
 IMPORTANTS PARTS OF BLOWROOM:-
FEED LATTICE:- feed lattice which is made by
leather sheet and arranged on centre roller.
BOTTOM LATTICE:- bottom lattice which is
also made by leather sheet and arranged
on centre roller.
INCLINDE LATTICE:- inclinde lattice which is
made by wooden and on which inclined spike
arranged which is material sent to evener
roller and completely open.

20. 44
BEATER:- a beater is a combination of material
bars or pin it arranged in a cylinder form
carried on arm attached to central draft.
 OBJECT OF BEATER:-
a) To open the fibres by pulling small
tufts away from the sheet being
threat.
b) To clean the fibres by the series of
blows in rapid succession which knock
out the heavier dirt.
 BEATING POINT:-
M.B.O :-1/2
Krishner beater : -1
Krishner beater :- 1

21. 44
FEED ROLLER:- feed roller is two metallic strong fluted
roller. It determines the rate of speed used to carry the
fibre into the machine.
CAGE:- there are two cages. Its shape is a cylindrical
shape. It is made of mesh wire and perforated metal
sheet. Cage is used to collects the fibres, after it has
passed from the beater condenser draws the fibres by
air suction.
GRID BAR:- grid bars are long steel bars generally
triangular in shape. The grid bars fare below the feed
roller under the beater partially inclosing the beater
chamber.
PIANO FEED REGULATING MOTION:-
The objects of piano feed regulating motion are to feed
the fibres in suctcher in a uniform normal regular way.
Triporel link arrangemnt and a pair of conedrum to
the operation.
• Total no. of piano feed in back side :-16
• Total no. of piano feed in front side :-16
• Total piano feed :-32
SCUTCHER:- scutcher is the last machine of blowroom
section to formed fibres to lap and also do opening and
cleaning.
 SCUTCHER OF TWO TYPES:-

22. 44
• Manual scutcher,
• Auto scutcher.
MANUAL SCUTCHER AUTOSCUTCHER
1. Cage 1. Cage
2. Condenser 2. Krishner beater
3. Two & three bladed beater
MOTION IN SCUTCHER:-
• Piano feed regulation motion
• Beating motion
• Length regulation motion
• Lap compressing and hardening motion
CONEDRUM:- it is part of scutcher. It drives the fibre on
feed roller and it control the fibre high and low.
SEANSOR:- the main function of sensor to be stop the
motor when material is passing extra or gathering extra.
When material finished again sencor start automatically.
DEFFECT AND CAISED IN THE BLOWROOM LAP:-
• LAP LICKING:- due to higher bulk of fibre and the
static charge.

23. 44
• UNEVEN LAP:- due to important feeding of the
material.
• CONTTAIMINATION IN LAP:- due to improper
cleaning
04.CARDING
 INTRODUCTION
carding is the “heart” of spinning department. In this
machine open of the small tufts of raw material and
individually separated and remove small fibre or impurities.
To forming the web from and at last sliver.
THE PURPOSE OF CARDING:
 To open the flocks into individual fibres
cleaning or elimination of impurities
Reduction of neps

24. 44
Elimination of dust
Elimination of short fibres
Fibre blending
Fibre orientation or alignmen
 Sliver formation
PASSAGE OF MATERIAL:-
LAP ROLLER
FEED PLATE
FEED ROLLER
LICKER-IN
CYLINDER
FLAT
DOFFER
RE-DIRECTING ROLLER
CRUSH ROLLER
TRUMPET

25. 44
TABLE CALLENDER ROLLER
SLIVER GUIDE
COILER
CAN
ACTION IN CARDING MACHINE:-
 COMBING ACTION:- combing action
takes placed between combing segment and
licker-in. Here the pin or wire direction of the
two surfeced are the same. Combing is the
straightening and paralleling of the fibe and the
reomved of short fibres and impurities by
using coms.
 CARDING ACTION:-carding action takes
placed between flat and cylinder.
Case of carding action:-
a. direction of wire in two surfaces are
opposite.
b. the moving direction of roller are
also opposite.

26. 44
c. one roller is slower and softer is faster, so
carding action is known as ”point again in
point”
action
 STRIPPING ACTION:-stripping action takes place
between two as :-
a. licker-in and cylinder
b. doffer and stripping roller
case of stripping:-
a. wire direction will be same
b. roller moving will be same
c. one roller will be faster than another so as stripping action is
known as “point back” action.

27. 44
Diameter of cylinder - 814mm
Liker-in - 253mm
Doffer -680mm
No. of m/c-
Plant-A…………..14
Plant-B…………..08
Total- 20
Make:  LMW (INDIA)
Plant-A
Model No.:  LC333
Year:  2012

28. 44
Plant-B
Model No.: DK800
Year: 2007
Sliver hank ----------------------0.068
Cylinder speed -----------------786rpm
Flat speed -----------------------30mpm
Licker-in speed-----------------1076rpm
Chute opening roller speed –686rpm
Delivery speed -----------------80m/min
Kg/hr-----------------------------30.2
Feed gms/m---------------------31.6
Total draft---------------------- ?
Setting:-
Nipping distance----------8mm
Cylinder to flat------------0.25mm
Cylinder to licker-in ----0.225mm
Licker-in to mote knives-0.924mm
Cylinder to doffer------0.2295mm
Front plate ----------------1mm
Cylinder under caging ----1.2mm
MAINTAINANCE SCHEDULES –
Cleaning & greasing------7days
Gears box oil change----6months
Testing parameter:-U-90 lot
Neps/gm------60-65
Neps/um------600
Ulster---------3-5%
CV ------------2%

29. 44
CAUSES FOR NEP FORMATION IN CARDS:
Lap too heavy, close settings and higher licker in speeds.
Blunt Ickier in wire or dull flats. Jammed wire on doffer.
Rough surface in front and back plate.
Use of blunt grinding stone and inadequate or too high
grinding frequency.
Insufficient striping.
Dirty under casings.
Doffer not stripped after lapping.
Under casing choked with fly.
Waste packed between cylinder, doffer, and licker-in sides.
Ends of front and back plates and milled ends of
flats dirty.
Uneven flat settings.
licker in set too far from feed plate.
High doffer .
DEFECTS IN CARDING:-
 sliver variation:-to high tension draft and
stretching of web different in draft between in
cards.
 Neps formation:- uneveen tension flat setting
rough surface of front and back plate, high doffer
speed.

30. 44
05.Draw frame Breaker
 The main object of breaker draw frame is
parallelization of card sliver to remove the trailing and
leading hook .
 PRINCIPLE OF THE DRAW FRAME:-
 Doubling
 Drafting
 Drawing
 Doubling:-the process of combing several
slivers into one. This term is not restricted
to be combination of two units only.
 Drafting:- the process of increasing the
length per unit weight of sliver.
 Drawing:- in the cotton industry, the term
applied exclusively to processing on the
drar-frame,where the operation is one of
doubling and drafting slivers.
PASSAGE OF THE MATERIAL:-
Sliver  creel  guide bar  feed roller  trumpet
 coiler roller  can

31. 44
No. of machine
In plant A:  3
In plant B:  3
Total :  6
Make: 
Plant-A
Model No.  LD2
Year :  2004
Power requirement: 
Process parameter (for 54 Ne counts Thread)
Hank 0.105
Doubling 08
M P M Speed 454 m / min
Type of drafting 3 over 4
Draft 6.05
Break draft 1.05
Web draft 1.00w
Creel draft 1.00w
Table tension Draft -----

32. 44
Pressure bar 6 bar
Trumpet Diameter 4.2 mm
Bottom roller setting
MAIN PARTS and function IN DRAW FRAME
BREAKER:-
 CREEL DRAFT:- the draft between the lifter roller
and back roller.
 WEB DRAFT :- the draft between the front roller to
coiler roller.
 TENSION DRAFT:-the draft between front roller to
calendar roller frequently called a tension draft.
 CALENDAR ROLLER:-the object of the calendar
roller fast to draw the web delivered at the front or

33. 44
delivery roller through trumpet to form sliver, and
second to deliver this material into the coiler and so
to then can. The calendar rollers are to large smooth
steel rollers.
 TRUMPET:- trumpets are made up of cast iron while
others are made of bronze.
 STOP MOTION:-a stop motion is a device arrangs to
stop the machine. Stop motions are applied several
place in draw frame, although stopping the frame
causes reducing the production.
There are four common stop motions in draw frame:-
1. The spoon or back stop motion.
2. Trumpet or calendar roller stop motion.
3. The full can stop motion.
4. The wrong data feed stop motion.
 DEFECT IN DRAWFAME SLIVER:-
o Roller lapping
o Uneven sliver
o Roller slippage
o Wrapping variation.

34. 44
06.Draw Frame Finisher
TASKS OF DRAWFRAME
1. Fineness Through doubling the slivers is made even.
2. Doubling results in homogenization (blending).
3. Through draft fibres get parallelized.
4. Hooks created in the card are straightened.
5. Through the suction, intensive dust removal is achieved .
6. Auto leveler maintains absolute sliver.
No of machine
In plant A:  06
In plant B;  03
Total  09
In plant A:-
Make : 
Model No :  RSB851
Year 2012
In plant B:-
Make : INDIA

35. 44
Model No : HSR1000
Year 2007
Addition feature of this m/c is autolever
Auto leveler is an additional device which is meant for correcting the
linear density variations in the delivered sliver by changing either the
main draft or break draft of the drafting system, according to the feed
variation.
Passes of material in draw frame f/s
SLIVER CAN
SLIVER GUIDE
CREEL GUIDE

36. 44
SCANING ROLLER
TOP ROLLER
BOTTOM ROLLER
CALENDER ROLLER
COILER ROLLER
CAN
PROCESS PARAMETER
Sliver hank 0.170
Delivery speed 350 m/ min
Creel Tension Draft 1.02
Table Tension draft 1.01
Web Draft 1.01
Break Draft 1.15
Total draft 6.06
Scanning roller size 5.5 mm
Scanning roller load 120 den
Doubling 6
Trumpet 3.5mm
Pressure Bar 6.5
Leveling action point 948

37. 44
Bottom roller setting
MAIN PARTS and function IN DRAW FRAME
FINISHER :-
 CREEL DRAFT:- the draft between the lifter roller
and back roller.
 WEB DRAFT :- the draft between the front roller to
coiler roller.
 TENSION DRAFT:-the draft between front roller to
calendar roller frequently called a tension draft.

38. 44
 CALENDAR ROLLER:-the object of the calendar
roller fast to draw the web delivered at the front or
delivery roller through trumpet to form sliver, and
second to deliver this material into the coiler and so
to then can. The calendar rollers are to large smooth
steel rollers.
 TRUMPET:- trumpets are made up of cast iron while
others are made of bronze.
 STOP MOTION:-a stop motion is a device arrangs to
stop the machine. Stop motions are applied several
place in draw frame, although stopping the frame
causes reducing the production.
There are four common stop motions in draw frame:-
5. The spoon or back stop motion.
6. Trumpet or calendar roller stop motion.
7. The full can stop motion.
8. The wrong data feed stop motion.
 DEFECT IN DRAWFAME F/S SLIVER:-
o Roller lapping
o Uneven sliver
o Roller slippage
o Wrapping variation.

39. 44
07. Speed frame
It is process the winding, twisting stands in the bobbin and
inserts the small amount of the twist in roving.
 ROVING:- A name given individually to the relatively
fine fibrous stand used in the fixed process of
preparation for yarn. In the other hand roving is such a
form which is thinner than sliver which is spun into the
yarn for easily.
 INPUT:-drawing sliver OUTPUT:-roving
 OBJECT:-
 To draft the sliver to reduce weight per unit length
 To insert small amount of twist to strength them
the roving to prevent breaking during next
process.
 To make conical or tapper shape of the bobbin
 To wind twisted strand on the bobbin.
PASSAGE OF MATERIAL OF SPEED FRAME:-
Creel  guide bar  condenser  back roller  middle
roller front roller flyer presser foot roving bobbin
 SOME IMPORTANT PARTS OF SPEED FRAME:-

40. 44
 CREEL:-creel us a suitable plastic structure in
which can sliver is placed as feeding material to
the machine. The arrangement of the creel
depends upon the package which is feed to the
speed frame.
 ROVING:- output of the speed frame on the
bobbin in a uniform drafted, twisted & wind in a
compact package is called “ROVING”.
 DRAFTING MECHANISM :- to draft the sliver and
reduce the weight per unit length. The drafting
system consist of 3 over 3 systems. In draft apron
is a most successful thing in a speed frame.
 TWISTING MECHANSIM:-to insert a small
amount of twisting to straighten the roving.
Twisting is done by flyer. A flyer is an inverted ‘u ’
shaped body having two legs, one being hollow
and other solid. The flyer are placed on spindle top
rotated with spidnle.
 WINDING MECHANISM:-the roving that comes
out form the front roller nips is continuous and
constant which a rate depends on the srface
speed of front roller, hence the roving the must be
the wound on the bobbin at exactly the same rate
which it came out from the roller nips. There are
basically to mehods adopted for winding the
roving.
 FLYER LEADING:- in the flyer leading the flyer
revovles quicker then the bobbin as the bobbin
increase in diameter. Its speed must increases in

41. 44
order to have wound on it’s the same length as on
the samall diameter.
 BOBBIN LEADING:- the bobbin goes faster than
flyer and push to its self the material delivered by
front roller, this called bobbin leading.
 CONEDRUM OF SPEED FRAME:- the function of
the conedrum in speed frame which is corporate
on the flyer frame to reduce the speed of the
bobbin as it increased in diameter. The top cone
drum is run at a constant speed with the changes
in the position of the belt.when the bobbin
diameter increases then the belt is shifted the
smaller diameter top cone drum and larger
diameter of the bottom cone drum revovles at a
slow speed when its diameter is larger.
 DIFERENTIAL MOTION:- the differential motion is
the combination of and epicyclical train of wheels,
which gives the vrying excess speed to bobbin
through the cone drum, so the winding process is
possible. If the differential motion is not avaible
the varying excess to the bobbin through cone
drum is impossible, therefore roving process is
breakge and winding.
 APRON:- apron is endless belt made up of rubber,
leather and synthetic material. This apron is
placed between the front and second roller.
Object of apron:-
 To reduce roller chocking
 To guide the material

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 To stock the combing dust
 To control movenent of short fibre
 Fibre and thus gives a better yarn with draft.

No of machine
Plant –A:- 06
Plant- B:- 08
Total -14
Make:  Z
MODEL NO.  LF4200/A(2012)
LF4200/A(2007)
Made in Germany
Voltage & frequency:  415V/50HZ
Winding system:  Bobbin leading
No. of spindle:  120

43. 44
ROLLER SETTING
Note all top roller dia 27 mm
Process parameter
Speed frame hank 1.82
Spindle speed 1000 -1100rpm
Lift 14 -16
TPI 1.48
Tm 1.9
Creel tension draft 3.7
Break draft 1.05
Main Draft 10.69
Initial tension 1.90
Bd 1.90
Kd 3.260KH
Spacer ---
No. of turns of flyer 3
Back condenser Green
Middle condenser Green
Floating condenser Green
Maintenance scheduling

44. 44
Coats cleaning :  22 days
Over oiling of machine:  6 months
The factors affecting roving strength are as follows:
The length, fineness, and parallelization of fibres
He amount of twist and compactness of the roving
The uniformity of twist and linear density.
 DEFECTS SPEED FRAME ROVING:-
01 soft bobbin
02 uneven bobbon
03 roller lapping
04 hard bobbin & roving breakges.
08.RING FRAME
Ring frame is a machine in which happen drafting , twisting &
winding on the bobbin and yarn is prepare from roving .
 INPUT:- Roving bobbin OUTPUT:- Ring bobbin
OBJECT OF RING FRAME:-
 To draft the roving for convert roving into a uniform yarn.

45. 44
 To insert twist of required amount for different count.
 Producing yarn by drafting and imparting twist.
 To wind the twisted yarn.
PASSAGE OF MATERIAL IN RING FRAME:-
Bobbin holder Guide bar Condenser Back Roller
Middle roller Front roller Lappet guide Balloon
breaker
Traveler Ring bobbin.
The ring frame is a continuous spinning
machine i.e. draft, twist and wind simultaneously. This is a double
sided machine having 1296 spindles which are give at speed of
14,000 rpm approximately.
DRAFT
The amount of attenuation of textile material at different
stages of spinning preparatory
and spinning process, for example. 1 m of input material
when delivered as 5 m is said
to have undergone a draft of 5.In other words reducing the
linear density of textile
material with respect to time by passing the material through
successive pair of roller’s
rotating at higher peripheral speeds.
Various formulas used in textile industry to calculate the draft
as follows:
Draft (mechanical) = surface speed of the delivery roller÷
Surface speed of feed roller
Draft (Actual) = Feed material linear density or weight per
unit length fed÷Delivered material linear density or weight
per unit length delivered

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Draft = No. of fiber’s available at cross sectional area of feed
material ÷No. of fiber’s available at cross sectional area of
delivered material
Draft is just a mere number and has no unit’s.
 DRAFTING :
It is a process of reducing the bulk and weight per unit length
of a semi processed textile
material such as rove or sliver and simultaneously
parallelizing its fibrous components,
as it passes through the various machines used in making
yarn
 TWISTING : To insert necessary amount of twist on yarn .
 WINDING : To wind the twisted yarn on the cylindrical
bobbin.
 CONDENSER : Condenser is used between the aprons
and front
rollers to keep the fibre together when living the front roller. This
help in better twist flow of to the nip of front rollers.
 SPINDLE : The spindle are on which bobbin are mounted.
 RING : Ring are made of harder steel several cross
section
Shape of ring.
 TRAVELER : The traveller is very important for work in
ring frame . It is a small metal clip made in the shape
alphabet ‘c’.
It is a small and in expensive part .It is made of steel but
are
Slightly less hard than the ring.

47. 44
 RING RAIL MOVEMENT : Ring rail movement can be slow when
It is goes up and fast when it is coming down. This is called
conventional
movement of ring rail in this case the upwared movement of ring puts
winding coils and downward movement of ring rail puts binding coil.
 LIFT : The distance between the lowest points of ring rail to the high
point during formation complete bobbin is termed lift.
DETAIL OF RING FRAME MACHINE :-
S.N MAKE MODEL NO. OF
M/C
NO. OF
SPINDLE
01 LMW
(NEW SETION)
LR 9/AX 20 25920
02 LMW LR 9/AX 09 6048

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03 SHANSHAI
ERFANGJI
CO.LTD
EJM 1382 14 12096
04 JINGWEI FI 520 06 5184
Total spindle =49248
PROCESS PARAMETER OF RING FRAME :-
01 FRONT ROLLER DIA. 30mm
02 MIDDLE ROLLER DIA. 27mm
03 BACK ROLLER DIA. 30mm
04 COTS DIA. 32-35mm
05 TRUMPET SIZE 3.5-4.0mm
06 TOP APRON SIZE 41.5×27×1.5mm
07 BOTTOM APRON SIZE 41.6×30×1.5mm
08 WHARVE DIA. 21mm
09 CRADLE SIZE 43mm
10 SPINDLE GAUGE 70mm
11 ROLLER GAUGE 57.5/70.5 to 57.5/78.5mm
12 LIFT 180mm
13 BREAK DRAFT 1.32-1.8
14 ACTUAL DRAFT 22.54-24.22
15 FEED HANK 1.22-1.8
16 DELIVERY COUNT Ne (15,20,29,33,40,50)
17 RING BOBBIN WT. WITH YARN 93.67-97.54grm
18 EMPTY BOBBIN WT. 35.87-37.01grm
19 ACTUAL YARN WT. IN BOBBIN 56.66-61.67grm
 CHANGE PLACES IN RING FRAME :
 Draft change pinion : DC.
 Draft change pinion : DCA.
 Draft change pinion : DCB.
 Twist change wheel :TC.

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Twist change wheel :TCA.
Twist change wheel : TCB.
 Drafting change pinion : DFC
 Draft
CHANGE WHEEL
COUNT(Ne) 15 20 29 40 50 36 24 33 40(V.R)
A 84 78 80 82 85 88 84 85 85
B 81 87 79 83 80 77 81 80 80
C 91 91 65 72 65 65 82 72 65
D 46 46 72 65 72 72 55 65 72
RATCHET 32 27 18 15 14 17 22 22 22
N. OF PIN 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02
CALCULATE TWIST PER INCH(TPI) :-
S.N TPM (1/2 m) TPM (1 m)
01 372 744
02 367 734
03 369 738
04 366 732
05 370 740
Total 1844 3688

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MEAN = 3688/5
=737.6
TPI =737.6/9.37
= 18.73
 THE RELATION BETWEEN LENGTH OF YARN & SPEED OF
RING BOBBIN :-
SPEED ( RPM) LENGTH(m)
14000 0
14600 50
15300 75
15600 100
16500 200
16800 300
17100 400
17200 850
17500 1150
17600 1200
18000 1280
17900 3900
17900 4000
 CALCULATION OF COUNT IN RING FRAME :-
Total weight =9.61
Avg. weight =9.61/5
=1.922grm
Count(Ne) =64.8/wt. in gm
=64.8/1.922
=33.72
LENGTH(yds) 120 120 120 120 120
WEIGHT(grm ) 1.89 1.97 1.94 1.89 1.92

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 CALCULATION :-
MOTER POWER =1440 rpm (3.5 HP)
MOTOR PULLEY DIA. = 250 mm
JACK PULLEY DIA. = 45 mm
MACHINE PULLEY DIA. =300 mm
TIN ROLLER DIA. =240 mm
SPINDLE WHARVE DIA. = 18.5 mm
PRESSURE ARM :-
Top apron =18-20 kg
Bottom apron =14-16 kg
Spindle apron =16-18 kg
Spindle tape =2331-2371
TIN ROLLER SPEED = (1440×250)/300
= 1200 rpm
SPINDLE SPEED = (Tin roller speed×Tin roller dia.)/Spindle
wharve dia.
=(1200×250)/18.5
=16216 rpm.
PRODUCTION :-
Spindle speed =17500 rpm
=17500/(39.37×18.77)
=23.68 mpm
Count (Ne) =33
TPI =18.77
Efficiency =95%
No. of m/c =01
No. of spindle =480
Prod./shift =(spindle speed×8×60×1.094×effi.×no. of
spindle)/840×2.205×counts
=(23.68×8×60×1.094×95×840)/840×2.205×33×100
= 92.77 kg.

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09.AUTOCONER
This machine is an automatic under with individual winding
units independently driven winding units that performs high
speed winding with a hairness reducing device and the pack
21 system. It produce efficiency and subsequent process.
 OBJECT OF AUTOCONER :

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 To prepare bigger package from smaller bobbin package.
 To colour code is maintained for identify different count and
60 cones are prepared at a time .
 To remove the yarn fault like thick, thin and weak places.
 Suction and splicer remove the broken and yarn dust.
 To get the best quality of yarn , due to splicer.
 INPUT : Ring bobbin OUTPUT : Cheese cone
 PASSAGE OF MATERIAL THROUGH IN AUTOCONER
Ring bobbin Balloon controllerElectronic device Tensioner
Yarn splicerYarn cleaner Tension measureWaxingWinding
drum Cheese package
 DETAIL OF AUTOCONER :
NEW SECTION:-
S.N MAKE MODEL NO. OF
M/C
NO. OF CHEESE
OR CONE
YEAR OF
MANUF.
01 VEEJAY
LAKSHMI
EXCELLO 09 540 2012
OLD SECTION:-

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S.N MAKE MODEL NO. OF
M/C
NO. OF CHEESE
OR CONE
YEAR OF
MANUF.
01 VEEJAY
LAKSHMI
EXCELLO 06 360 2008
 EXCELLO AUTOMATIC CONE WINDER:-
The Excello is a custom built Automatic Cone Winder
suitable for winding wide range of yarn counts from 2s Ne to 120s
Ne. It can process both types of fibre natural and manmade. The air
pressure of this m/c is 7 bar.
The machine is designed to accept all latest generation electronic
yarn clearers like Uster Quantum 2, loepfe Zenit/ Spectra plus and
Keisokki tri-chord, Over head traveling cleaner, Bobbin magazine.
TENSION SETTING:-
S.N COUNT(NE) COUNT(NM) TENSION WT.
(C.N)
SPEED RPM LENGTH
Mtr.
01 15 25 30 1200 63750
02 20 34 28 1200 86700
03 28 48 25 1000 124200
04 33 56 22 1200 142800
05 40 68 20 1200 173400
06 40(V.R) 68(V.R) 20 1000 173400
07 50 84 18 1000 214200
 PROCESS PARAMETER OF AUTOCONER:

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01 COUNT(Ne) 15&20 40&50
02 SPEED MPM 1000 1000-1200
03 LENGTH SHORT 1.6 1.6
04 Dia. SHORT 2.6 2.8
05 LENGTH LONG 25 25
06 DIA. LONG 1.5 1.5
07 THIN PLACE 25 40
08 LENGTH(-L) 40 60
09 (-D) 30 30
10 (N) 05 05
 PRODUCTION:-
Delivery speed of drum = 1600 rpm
Count = 50
Efficiency = 95%
No. of m/c =01
No. of cheese cone = 60
Prod./ shift =del. Speed×8×60×1.094×eff. × no. of cheese ÷
840×2.205×Count
=1600×8×60×1.094×95×60 ÷840×2.205×50×100=517.12kg
10.STEAMING
Steaming is the process drying to the yarn through the dry
Heating machine.
 OBJECT OF STEAMING :-
 To avoid snarling in the yarn.
 To set the twist on the yarn.

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INPUT :- Twisted yarn OUTPUT:- Complete
yarn
PROCESS PARAMETER FOR STEAMING-ELGI :-
S.N PROGRAMME
NAME
(UNIT) ( PV SY) (PW SY)
01 BLEND
COMP*
65/35,55/45
02 VACUUM
PRESSURE
% 80 84
03 TEMP* Cellc. 60 87
04 TIME MIN 55 55
11.PACKING
Conditioning machine are used before yarn packing

57. 44
Conditioning machine
Make :  XDRELLA AG
YEAR  2004
Capacity - 500 cones
Conditioning time - 1 hour
Temp - 70-80 degree c
Premium working pressure - 110.5 bar at 110 degree c
Volume 14200
Power - 415 V / 50Hz
Packing parameter
Cotton capacity  650 × 350 × 665 mm
Yarn Count  20 S
No of Cones  18
Lot no.  U – 90
Gross wt.  41.40 kg
Net wt.  37 kg

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