4. 2. Comparative Anatomy: Species that are
closely related share homologous structures
• Example: The forelimbs of mammals all share
the same basic bone structure
5. 2. Comparative Anatomy: Species that are
closely related share homologous structures
• Example: The forelimbs of mammals all share
the same basic bone structure
6. 2. Comparative Anatomy: Species that are
closely related share homologous structures
• Example: The forelimbs of mammals all share
the same basic bone structure
9. 3. Vestigial structures = body structuresthat
have lost their primary function
Example: Hind limbs in whales and snakes
10. 3. Vestigial structures = body structuresthat
have lost their primary function
Example: Hind limbs in whales and snakes
Human Examples: Appendix, Tailbone, Goose
bumps
14. 4. Comparative Embryology: In early stages, all
animal embryos look alike, suggesting
common ancestry
Example: Young human embryos have gill slits
and a tail