Type 2 diabetes management case study for reference. Diabetes management is important to prevent further damage to organs. this case study is simple illustration about diabetes management, dietary modification and lifestyle changes.

1. TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
BY
REEMA DESAI
Rd, diabetes educator

2. Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
 DM is a group of metabolic diseases
characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from
defect in insulin secretion, insulin action or
both.
 Types of DM:
 Type 1 DM
 Type 2 DM
 Gestational DM

3. Type 2 DM
 It results from a
progressive insulin
secretory defect on the
background of insulin
resistance.
 It accounts for 90-95%
of all cases of diabetes.

4. Pathophysiology

6. Diabetes Risk Factors

7. Patient Profile
 Name – Mr. XYZ
 Age/ Sex – 39 years/ Male
 Weight – 71 kg
 Height – 168 cms
 BMI – 25.2 kg/m2 (overweight)
 IBW - 65 kg
 Socio-economic Status-UMIG
 Ethnic Background – Hindu
 Occupation– Journalist
 Food Habits – Non-Vegetarian
 Allergy to Medication /Food– None

8. Case History
 Symptoms-Weakness, Excessive thirst
 Personal History- None
 Family History- Father is Diabetic
 Addiction- No
 Biochemical Parameter (18-Jul-2013):
 Diagnosis:Type 2 DM and Dyslipidemia
 Medication: None

9. Home Recall
Energy: 2533 kcal Protein: 123gm(19%)
CHO: 339gm(54%) Fat: 74gm (26%)
Exercise – 1 hr weight training daily

10. Advice Diet
Energy: 2000kcal Protein:116gm (23.2%)
CHO: 262gm (52%) Fat: 53gm (24%)

11. Guidelines
Foods to be Allow
 Eat small frequent meal
 Whole cereals like oats, wheat flakes,
daliya.Wheat, jowar, bajara flour ragi,
brown bread
 Pulses and legumes
 1-2 fruits per day
 Raw as well cook vegetables
 Cow’s milk
 Egg white, fish, chicken in grill, steam,
gravy form
 Almond, walnut, flaxseed
 Have 1tsp of methi seed (soaked)
½ hr before breakfast and dinner
 Exercise: 1 hr combination of
weight training and aerobics daily
Foods to be Avoided
 Avoid skipping of food
 Maida based product, cornflakes,
sago, arrowroot
 Banana, chickoo, seetaphal, jackfruit,
grapes, mango, fruit juices
 Potato, sweet potato, yam, raw
banana, arbi, beetroot
 Buffalo’s milk, ghee, butter, cheese,
paneer, cream, khoa
 Whole egg, shell fish, coconut in
gravy
 Dry fruits, Sugar, jaggery, honey and
its product.
 Preserved foods, fried foods,
carbonated beverages

12. After 1 Month
 Biochemical Parameter (18-Aug-2013):
 Diet and exercise plays an important role in the
management of diabetes and lipid profile.

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