Plastic is danger for life,let us utilise for Road Construction to reduce cost and save Enviornment

1. PLASTIC ROAD
-K.J.ANAND
• Plastic roads mainly use plastic carry bags, disposable cups and bottles
that are collected from garbage dumps as an important ingredient of the
construction material. When mixed with hot bitumen, plastics melt to
form an oily coat over the aggregate and the mixture is laid on the road
surface like a normal tar road.
Disposal of waste plastic is a major problem .It is nonbiodegradable & It mainly consists of low-density polyethylene . Burning of
these waste plastic bags causes environmental pollution. To find its utility in bituminous mixes for road construction , Laboratory
performance studies were conducted on bituminous mixes . Laboratory studies proved that waste plastic enhances the property
of the mix . Improvement in properties of bituminous mix provides the solution for disposal in an useful way

2. BASIC
What is plastic?
• A material that contains one or more organic polymers of large molecular weight, solid in its
finished state and at some state while manufacturing or processing into finished articles, can
be shaped by its flow.
Types of Plastics
• 1.Thermosets.
• 2.Elastomers.
• 3.Thermoplastics.
Specifications for Waste Plastic
• The following types of waste plastic can be used in the construction
• of rural roads:
• • Films (Carry bags, Cups) thickness up to 60micron,Polyethylene(PE),Polypropylene(PP) and
Polystyrene(PS)
• • Hard foams (PS) any thickness
• • Soft foams (PE and PP) any thickness
• • Laminated plastics thickness up to 60micron (Aluminum coated also)
• packing materials used for biscuits, chocolates, etc.

3. NEED OF STUDY
1)Disposal of waste plastic is a major problem.
Waste Plastic dumped on roads
2) It is non-biodegradable.
3) It mainly consists of low-density polyethylene.

4. 4) Tofind its utility in bituminous mixesforroad
construction.
5) Burning of these waste plastic bagscauses
environmental pollution.
6) Laboratory performance studies were conductedon
bituminous mixes.
7) studies proved that waste plastic enhancestheproperty of the
mix.
8) Improvement in properties of bituminousmix provides the
solution for disposal inanuseful way.

5. AGGREGATE:-
Aggregate of 20mm, 10 mm.
Stone Dust and Lime as Filler
BITUMEN:-
60/70,80/100grade bitumen.
WASTE PLASTIC:-
Waste plastic in the shredded form.(PVC is not
Used)

6. Step 1-: Plastics waste (bags ,cups , bottles ) made out of PE,PPand PScut into a
size between 2.36mm and 4.75mm using shredding machine.
Step 2-:
The aggregate mix is heated to 165°c (as per the HRSspecification) and
transferred to mixing chamber. Amount of plastic to be added is @8%of bitumen.

7. STEP 3-:
 Similarly the bitumen is to be heated up to a maximum of 160°c (HRS Specification) to have
good binding and to prevent weak bonding. (Monitoring the temperatureis very important).
 Step 4-: At the mixing chamber, the shredded plastics waste is to be added. It
get coated uniformly over the aggregate within 30 to 60 seconds, giving an oily
look.

8. Step5-:
• Theplasticswaste coated aggregate is mixed with got bitumen and the resulted mix is usedforroad
construction. Theroller usedis 8-toncapacity.
• Step 6-: Theroad laying temperature is between 110°c to 120 °c.And the rollers are usedhave
capacity 8- ton generally.

9. Overall process- :

10. CASE STUDY-BITUMINOUS MIX DESIGN WITH PLASTIC,GGBS
• BASICS
• Bituminous Mix design is Combination of Aggregate,
bitumin,filler(Cement,GGBS,Lime),
• Shreded plastic and Bitu-grip is few material is required to mix to increse
the life of Mix and increase the affinity of coating of aggregate.
• MS-2,IS-8887 ,IRC:SP:81-2008 and Specification of Ministry of Road and
Transportation is used for design.
• GGBS-Graded Granular Blast furnace slag.

11. Fieldtrials
• Therearetwo type of fieldtrials-:
• 1.DRY PROCESS 2. WETPROCESS
• 1.DRYPROCESS-:
 Theaggregateisheatedto 170°Cin the Mini hotMix Plant.
 Heatedaggregates
 Theshredded plasticwasteisaddedin equalproportion.
 Addingshredded plastic.
• 2.WetProcess-:
 Wasteplasticsbydirect mixingwith hot bitumen at160°C.
 Mechanicalstirrer isneeded.
 Addition of stabilizersandpropercooling.
 Sincethe wet processrequire alot of investment andbiggerplants.
 Not commonlyused.

12. MATERIALS
• 1.Aggregate-A.Black Basalt B. Granite with quartz mix(Basic material),90%
material is available of granite with quartz, while 10% materials of black
basalt in jamshedpur city.
• 2.Bitumin- VG30 is used for mix as a Binder.
• 3.Filler-(Cement,Lime)-To reduce the voids and increase the strength.
• 4.Other Materials
• A. Shreded plastic(Used to increase the Bonding property and to reduce
the binder content)
• B. Anti Stripping Agent(Bitu-grip) to increase the bonding property
between aggregate and Bitumin.
• C.GGBS –Used alternate of cement or lime as a filler materials.It is also a
use of waste of tata steel.

13. AGGREGATE
Black Basalt (10% available)
Granite(90% availability)

14. Plastic
6mm metal
Bitu-Grip
Aggregate(20mm,10
mm)
Bitumin
GGBS
Mix
MIX

15. TESTING

16. Stripping Value Test
Stripping value less if
Bitu-Grip AND
PLASTIC is not used.
No stripping if Bitu-grip
and plastic is used.

17. COMPARISON BETWEEN ORDINARY BITUMINOUS ROADS AND WASTE PLASTIC
BITUMINOUS ROADS:-
S.No. Properties Plastic Road OrdinaryRoad
1. MARSHALLSTABILITYVALUE MORE LESS
2. BINDINGPROPERTY BETTER GOOD
3. SOFTENINGPOINT LESS MORE
4. PENETRATIONVALUE MORE LESS
5. TENSILESTRENGTH HIGH LESS
6. RUTTING LESS MORE
7. STRIPPING(POTHOLES) NO MORE
8. SEEPAGEOFWATER NO YES
9 DURABILITYOFTHEROADS BETTER GOOD

18. RESULT SUMMARY
SUMMARY OF MIX DESIGN FOR BC,DBM ,BM AND MSS
Sr.no. Type of Mix
Thickness
for Design AGGREGATE
OBC/Residu
al Binder Plastic
Bitugrip/ad
ditives Water
Stability(KN
)
Standard(
KN)
Actual
Flow(mm)
Density(N/
mm2)
Designed
Flow(mm)
1BC- Grade-I (45-65)mm 20mm 10mm 6mm Cement GGBS
26% 32% 40% 2% 0%5% of mix 2% of mix 0.2% of mix 0 13.52 9 3.32.42 2 to 4
Alternative
2BC- Grade-I (45-65)mm 26% 32% 40% 0% 2%5% of mix 2% of mix 0.2% of mix 0 13.52 9 3.32.42 2 to 4
3BC-Grade-II (30-45)mm 0% 30% 68% 2% 0%5.6% of mix 2% of mix 0.2% of mix 0 13.676 9 2.452.34 2 to 4
Alternate
4BC-Grade-II (30-45)mm 0% 30% 68% 0% 2%5.6% of mix 2% of mix 0.2% of mix 0 9 2.34 2 to 4
5BM-Grade-II (50-75)mm 30% 50% 20% 0% 0%4% of mix 2% of mix 0.2% of mix 0 9
not
specified 3.22.35
not
specified
Alternative
6BM-Grade-II (50-75)mm 30% 50% 20% 0% 2%4% of mix 2% of mix 0.2% of mix 0 9
not
specified 3.22.35
not
specified
7DBM-Grade-II
more than
50mm 25% 33% 40% 2% 0%4.5% of mix 2% of mix 0.2% of mix 0 13.98 9 2.52.35 2 to 4
Alternative
8DBM-Grade-II
more than
50mm 25% 33% 40% 0% 2%4.5% of mix 2% of mix 0.2% of mix 0 13.98 9 2.52.35 2 to 4
9
MSS(Close graded
premix carpet) 20mm 0% 75% 23% 2% 0%4.1% of mix 2% of mix 0.2% of mix 0
not
specified 2.32
not
specified
Alternate
10
MSS(Close graded
premix carpet) 20mm 0% 75% 23% 0% 2%4.1% of mix 2% of mix 0.2% of mix 0
not
specified 2.32
not
specified
11
Microsurfacing(Gr
ade-III)
11.1-
16.3kg/m2 0% 70% 30% 0% 2%
6.5-12% of
aggregate
2% of
aggregate
0.5-2% of
aggregate 6-12%
not
specified
not
specified
Alternate
12
Microsurfacing(Gr
ade-III)
11.1-
16.3kg/m2 0% 70% 30% 2% 0%
6.5-12% of
aggregate
2% of
Aggregate
0.5-2% of
Aggregate 6-12%
not
specified
not
specified
13
Slurry Seal(Grade-
III)
10.1-
12kg/m2 0% 70% 30% 0% 2%
6.5-12% of
aggregate
2% of
Aggregate
0.5-2% of
Agreegate 6-12%
not
specified
not
specified
Alternate
14
Slurry Seal(Grade-
III)
10.1-
12kg/m2 0% 70% 30% 0% 2%
6.5-12% of
aggregate
2% of
Aggregate
0.5-2% of
aggregate 6-12%
not
specified
not
specified

19. NOTE
• 1.Bitugrip is used of M/S HINCOL
• 2. Source of stone chips - Hatha
• 3.Bitumen Grade- VG30
• 4.For Tack coat RS1(E:W::1:2),For Microsurfacing Modified Bitumen
Emulsion ,for slurry seal SS2 cationic Bitumen Emulsion is used.
• 4.PSC-Lafarze Cement or GGBS or OPC
• 5. In BC-II , no deleterious material or organic material or
overburden dust or clay mix is allowed.
• 6. This mix design should be calibrated in Hot mix plant before
implement and plant proportion should be prepared.
• 7.Plastic should be shreded Plastic.

20. Comparative Benefit
• 1.Bitu-grip is used to increase the Bonding property between aggregate
and bitumen.
• 2.Filler is used to reduce the void in Mix and to increase strength.
• 3.Shreded plastic is used in mix design it will help to reduce binder and re-
use of waste products to save Enviornment.

21. COST COMPARISION TO EXISTING
• 1. 0.6% quantity of bitumen is saved in BC-I.
• 2. 0.2%quantity of Bitu-grip is used.have saving in cost.
• 3.2% shreded plastic is under use reduced the percentage of
Bitumen from 5.6% to 5.0%
• 4.GGBS should be used in place of cement is also causes for
cost savings.

22. Calculations
Ex. If 100000sqm of 40mm BC is planned then there
QUANTITY
Item Qty. UOM Rate(Rs) Cost
BC-40mm 100000 sqm
Mix 9360000 kg
Bitumen(5.6) 524160 kg
Bitumen(5) 468000 kg
Savings 56160 kg 42 2358720
Cement 187200 kg
GGBS 187200 kg
Savings
Cost saving from
cement to GGBS 3 561600
Plastic 187200 kg
Bitugrip 18720 kg 225 4212000

23. Microsurfacing
Ex.If 200000sqm of Microsurfacing is planned then there
QUANTITY
Item Qty. UOM Rate(Rs) Cost
Microsurfacing 200000 sqm
Mix 3260000 kg
cement 65200 kg
GGBS 65200 kg
Savings
Cost saving from
cement to GGBS 3 195600

24. ADVANTAGE OF WASTE PLASTIC BITUMINOUS MIX- :
 1)Stronger road with increased Marshall StabilityValue.
 2) Better resistance towards rain water and water stagnation.
 3)No stripping and no potholes.
 4) Increasebinding and better bonding of the mix.
 5)Reduction in pores in aggregate and hence lessrutting and
raveling.
 6) No leaching ofplastics.
 7)No effect of radiation..

25.  8)The strength of the road is increased by 100%.
 9)The load withstanding property increases. It helps to satisfy today’s need
of increased roadtransport.
 10)For 1kmX3.75mroad, 1ton of plastic (10 lakh carry bags) is usedand 1
ton of bitumen issaved.
 11)Value addition to the waste plastics .
 12)The cost of road construction is also decreased.
 13)The maintenance cost of road isalmost nil.
 14)Disposal of waste plastic will no longer be aproblem.
 15)The useof waste plastics on the road hashelped to provide better place
for burying the plastic waste without causing disposal problem.

26. DISADVANTAGE
• Pure plastic road requires using compatible plastics because,
when melted, plastics of different types may phase-separate
and cause structural weaknesses, which can lead to
premature failure.
• Wear on the surface of 100% plastic roads creates harmful
plastic particulates which can worsen current microplastic
pollution problem.