Whole blood, packed cells, plasma, fresh frozen plasma, cryoprecipitate, and platelets are the main blood components or products used for transfusion. Whole blood is collected from donors and transfused to patients in need. Packed cells contain only red blood cells and are used to treat anemia. Plasma is transfused to dehydrated patients. Fresh frozen plasma provides coagulation factors. Cryoprecipitate contains factors VIII, II, and XIII and is given to patients deficient in those factors. Platelets must be used within 72 hours of separation and are given to patients with conditions like leukemia that affect platelet count. Blood components can be separated through processes like apheresis, plasma fractionation, and cryoprecipitation
2. PROCESSING OF BLOOD FOR
TRANSFUSION
• BLOOD COMPONENTS OR BLOOD PRODUCTS
USED FOR TRANSFUSION :
• I.WHOLE BLOOD:
• WHOLE BLOOD IS COLLECTED FROM A DONOR
• TRANSFUSED TO THE PATIENTS
• BEFORE TRANSFUSION DO THE NEEDFUL
TESTS TO WHOLE BLOOD AND THEN GIVEN
• Eg.SURGICAL PATIENT,OPEN HEART SURGERY
3. PROCESSING OF BLOOD FOR
TRANSFUSION
• II.PACKED CELLS:
• FOR TREATING ANAEMIA,A DOCTOR CAN
REQUEST FOR PACKED CELLS WITH ONLY THE
AIM OF INCREASING THE NUMBER OF RBC
BUT NOT VOLUME OF BLOOD
4. PROCESSING OF BLOOD FOR
TRANSFUSION
PREPARATION OF PACKED CELL:
COLLECT WHOLE BLOOD IN TO A DOUBLE
BLOOD BAG FROM THE DONOR
WEIGH THE BLOOD BAGS
PLACE THE BLOOD BAG IN THE REFRIGERATED
CENTRIFUGE
CENTRIFUGE & REMOVE THE BAGS CAREFULLY
FROM THE CENTRIFUGE
5. PROCESSING OF BLOOD FOR
TRANSFUSION
• PLACE THE BAG IN THE PLASMA ASPIRATION
• OPEN THE TRACT OF THE SECOND BAG
• PLASMA WILL FLOW INTO THE SECOND BAG
• ALLOW THE REJEVINATING FLUID TO PRESENT IN
THE FIRST BAG
III.PLASMA
PLASMA IS USUALLY TRANSFUSED TO DEHYDRATED
PATIENTS
BEFORE TRANSFUSION CHECK FOR THE NATURE OF
PLASMA
6. PROCESSING OF BLOOD FOR
TRANSFUSION
IV. FFP (FRESH FROZEN PLASMA)
• FRESHLY ASPIRATED PLASMA IS FROZEN AT -
20°c to 30°c TO FORM CERTAIN PRODUCT IN A
FROZEN CONDITION IT IS CALLED FFP
• CAN PROVIDE FACTOR DEFICIENCY LIKE
ANTIHAEMOPHILIC FACTOR (VIII)
7. PROCESSING OF BLOOD FOR
TRANSFUSION
V.CRYPPRECIPITATION
THE FRESH PLATELET POOR PLASMA IS FROZEN AT -30°C
INSIDE THE FRIDGE THAWES AT 1 TO 5°C WHICH FORMS
CRYOPRECIPITATION PRODUCT ON TOP OF PLASMA
AT THE STATE OF THAWING,CRYOPREPICIPITATE CAN BE
SEPARATED
FROM A SINGLE UNIT OR DIFFERENT UNIT IT CAN
PROVIDE FACTOR VIII,II,XIII
CP IS GIVEN IN THESE FACTORS DEFICIENCY
8. PROCESSING OF BLOOD FOR
TRANSFUSION
• VI.PLATELETS
• PLATELETS SHOULD BE ALWAYS PLACED IN THE
AGITATOR IT SHOULD BE USED WITHIN 72 HOURS
AFTER THE SEPARATION
• PROVIDES PLATELETS IN CONDITION LIKE
LEUKAEMIA,BLEEDING,DENGUE FEVER,etc
• SHOULD BE SEPARATED BY PLASMA APHERESIS
• PLATELETS PREPARED FROM MORE THAN ONE
DONOR IS CALLED PLATELET POOLED CONDITION
9. PROCESSING OF BLOOD FOR
TRANSFUSION
• SEPARATION OF BLOOD COMPONENTS FOR
FRACTION TRANSFUION:
• BLOOD COMPONENTS ARE FORMED
ELEMENTS
• PLASMA CAN BE SEPARATED BY
APHERESIS,PLASMA FRACTION,PLASMA
APHERESIS
10. PROCESSING OF BLOOD FOR
TRANSFUSION
APHERESIS:
PROCEDURE DONE BY A SPECIAL APPARATUS
WHERE PLATELETS AND WBC ARE SEPARATED
AND OTHER RBC SENT BACK TO THE DONOR
PLASMA FRACTIONS
ALBUMIN,FIBRINOGEN SEPARATED BY ALCOHOL
FRACTIONATION FROM FRESH PLASMA
FACTOR VIII IS SEPARATED BY
CRYOPRECIPITATION
11. PROCESSING OF BLOOD FOR
TRANSFUSION
PLASMA APHERESIS:
CAN BE COLLECTED AND CELLS ARE PRESENT TO
THE DONOR
PLASMA COLLECTED IN CPD AND ACD
DONE AS A TREATMENT IN GULLIAN BARRY
SYNDROME
DONE 4 TO 6 TIMES FOR THIS PATIENT
